{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3108108941","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3040004","title":"Region Division in Logistics Distribution With a Two-Stage Optimization Algorithm","display_name":"Region Division in Logistics Distribution With a Two-Stage Optimization Algorithm","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3108108941","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3040004","mag":"3108108941"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2020.3040004","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3040004","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/09273248.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/09273248.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018610488","display_name":"Wen-wen Qian","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I163340411","display_name":"Hohai University","ror":"https://ror.org/01wd4xt90","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I163340411"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wen-Wen Qian","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5933-6148","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I163340411"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101927893","display_name":"Xing Zhao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2986-0325"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I163340411","display_name":"Hohai University","ror":"https://ror.org/01wd4xt90","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I163340411"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xing Zhao","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I163340411"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015043027","display_name":"Kang Ji","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0150-824X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I163340411","display_name":"Hohai University","ror":"https://ror.org/01wd4xt90","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I163340411"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kang Ji","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I163340411"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I163340411"],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":1.2296,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":12,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.83901181,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"8","issue":null,"first_page":"212876","last_page":"212887"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10567","display_name":"Vehicle Routing Optimization Methods","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2209","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10567","display_name":"Vehicle Routing Optimization Methods","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2209","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12306","display_name":"Urban and Freight Transport Logistics","score":0.9934999942779541,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2215","display_name":"Building and Construction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11942","display_name":"Transportation and Mobility Innovations","score":0.9894999861717224,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6363281607627869},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.5844075679779053},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/division","display_name":"Division (mathematics)","score":0.5695891976356506},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tabu-search","display_name":"Tabu search","score":0.5260025262832642},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cluster-analysis","display_name":"Cluster analysis","score":0.5124054551124573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.5105661153793335},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ranking","display_name":"Ranking (information retrieval)","score":0.4380408823490143},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.25380393862724304},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.12809216976165771}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6363281607627869},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.5844075679779053},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60798267","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1226939","display_name":"Division (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.5695891976356506},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123370116","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1424540","display_name":"Tabu search","level":2,"score":0.5260025262832642},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73555534","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q622825","display_name":"Cluster analysis","level":2,"score":0.5124054551124573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.5105661153793335},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C189430467","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7293293","display_name":"Ranking (information retrieval)","level":2,"score":0.4380408823490143},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.25380393862724304},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.12809216976165771},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94375191","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11205","display_name":"Arithmetic","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2020.3040004","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3040004","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/09273248.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:3435f5a3166a4db0a7926b062924b330","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/3435f5a3166a4db0a7926b062924b330","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 8, Pp 212876-212887 (2020)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2020.3040004","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3040004","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/09273248.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.4099999964237213,"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2217723316","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"51608171","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","funder_display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3144451068","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"B200202072","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","funder_display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3503542355","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"51608171","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3893089315","display_name":"\u6076\u52a3\u5929\u6c14\u4e0b\u57fa\u4e8e\u591a\u76ee\u6807\u7684\u9ad8\u901f\u516c\u8def\u52a8\u6001\u98ce\u9669\u673a\u7406\u53ca\u63a7\u5236\u7814\u7a76","funder_award_id":"71501061","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4038203084","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"71501061","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","funder_display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6065521700","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2019YFB1600200","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7018154762","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2019YFB1600200","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","funder_display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3108108941.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3108108941.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":38,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W99301329","https://openalex.org/W1183061632","https://openalex.org/W1972075556","https://openalex.org/W1973490867","https://openalex.org/W1992249619","https://openalex.org/W2017708378","https://openalex.org/W2033915107","https://openalex.org/W2041970949","https://openalex.org/W2042986967","https://openalex.org/W2050819731","https://openalex.org/W2052558858","https://openalex.org/W2066558813","https://openalex.org/W2087713917","https://openalex.org/W2108753073","https://openalex.org/W2139059344","https://openalex.org/W2147151422","https://openalex.org/W2219548420","https://openalex.org/W2287679495","https://openalex.org/W2356127743","https://openalex.org/W2388292214","https://openalex.org/W2523296286","https://openalex.org/W2555005230","https://openalex.org/W2605957026","https://openalex.org/W2620314292","https://openalex.org/W2735355336","https://openalex.org/W2759876802","https://openalex.org/W2779455732","https://openalex.org/W2794347295","https://openalex.org/W2795717898","https://openalex.org/W2801036921","https://openalex.org/W2808396632","https://openalex.org/W2890473749","https://openalex.org/W2901539241","https://openalex.org/W2905301715","https://openalex.org/W2927378423","https://openalex.org/W2992567739","https://openalex.org/W6706183131","https://openalex.org/W6771370115"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2224940485","https://openalex.org/W2168643831","https://openalex.org/W2075514833","https://openalex.org/W2381791171","https://openalex.org/W4247343174","https://openalex.org/W1987877777","https://openalex.org/W2366189044","https://openalex.org/W2365741636","https://openalex.org/W2011733276","https://openalex.org/W3203276095"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"When":[0],"facing":[1],"the":[2,9,12,28,46,54,64,69,72,83,86,89,106,109,112,132,135,141,153,157,162,169,177,180,192,195,224,232,235,249],"problem":[3,50],"of":[4,30,53,63,71,91,171,176,194,234,253],"modern":[5],"logistics":[6,40,75,213,236,245,254],"distribution":[7,41,214],"under":[8],"large-scale":[10],"network,":[11],"reasonable":[13],"delivery":[14],"task":[15,58],"allocation":[16],"has":[17],"become":[18],"an":[19],"important":[20],"part.":[21],"For":[22],"this":[23,25,206,217],"problem,":[24],"paper":[26,218],"uses":[27],"idea":[29],"decentralized":[31],"control":[32],"to":[33,67,104,124,167,190,222,230,243],"establish":[34],"a":[35,99,126],"region":[36,209],"division":[37,210],"model":[38,65,197],"in":[39,82,94,205,212,216],"and":[42,57,148,179,198,247],"transforms":[43],"it":[44],"into":[45],"multiple":[47],"traveling":[48,78],"salesmen":[49],"with":[51,85,174],"constraints":[52,87],"road":[55],"network":[56],"allocation.":[59],"The":[60,208],"optimization":[61],"goal":[62],"is":[66,102,122,138,144,165],"minimize":[68],"sum":[70],"distances":[73,183],"for":[74,184],"transport":[76,237],"agents":[77],"all":[79],"demand":[80,172],"points":[81,173],"system,":[84],"on":[88,161],"equilibrium":[90],"commodity":[92],"requirements":[93],"each":[95,185],"sub":[96,187],"region.":[97,188],"Then,":[98],"two-stage":[100,154],"algorithm":[101,142,147,164],"proposed":[103,196,215],"solve":[105],"model.":[107],"In":[108,131,152],"first":[110],"stage,":[111,134],"<inline-formula":[113],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[114],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">":[115],"<tex-math":[116],"notation=\"LaTeX\">$K$":[117],"</tex-math></inline-formula>":[118],"-means":[119],"clustering":[120],"method":[121,211],"used":[123],"obtain":[125,168],"highly":[127],"feasible":[128],"initial":[129,136],"solution;":[130],"second":[133],"solution":[137,155,159],"optimized":[139],"by":[140],"which":[143],"combining":[145],"swap":[146],"tabu":[149],"search":[150],"algorithm.":[151],"evaluation,":[156],"TSP":[158],"based":[160],"Lin-Kernighan":[163],"applied":[166],"sets":[170],"ranking":[175],"route":[178],"corresponding":[181],"shortest":[182],"divided":[186],"Finally,":[189],"verify":[191],"effectiveness":[193],"solving":[199],"method,":[200],"two":[201],"cases":[202],"are":[203],"presented":[204],"paper.":[207],"not":[219],"only":[220],"helps":[221,229],"reduce":[223,244],"total":[225],"distance,":[226],"but":[227],"also":[228],"balance":[231],"workload":[233],"agents,":[238],"thereby":[239],"making":[240],"great":[241],"potential":[242],"costs":[246],"improving":[248],"overall":[250],"operational":[251],"efficiency":[252],"distribution.":[255]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}