{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3109931275","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3039740","title":"Modeling Temporal Visual Salience for Human Action Recognition Enabled Visual Anonymity Preservation","display_name":"Modeling Temporal Visual Salience for Human Action Recognition Enabled Visual Anonymity Preservation","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3109931275","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3039740","mag":"3109931275"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2020.3039740","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3039740","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/09266036.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/09266036.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087176168","display_name":"Salah Al-Obaidi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4521-7193"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I91136226","display_name":"University of Sheffield","ror":"https://ror.org/05krs5044","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I91136226"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Salah Al-Obaidi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, U.K","Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S1 3JD, United Kingdom"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4521-7193","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91136226"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S1 3JD, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91136226"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003821051","display_name":"Hiba Al-Khafaji","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I91136226","display_name":"University of Sheffield","ror":"https://ror.org/05krs5044","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I91136226"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hiba Al-Khafaji","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, U.K","Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S1 3JD, United Kingdom"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4977-9284","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91136226"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S1 3JD, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91136226"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035952586","display_name":"Charith Abhayaratne","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2799-7395"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I91136226","display_name":"University of Sheffield","ror":"https://ror.org/05krs5044","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I91136226"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Charith Abhayaratne","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, U.K","Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S1 3JD, United Kingdom"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2799-7395","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91136226"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S1 3JD, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91136226"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5035952586"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91136226"],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":0.7667,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":12,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.746165,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":93,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"8","issue":null,"first_page":"213806","last_page":"213824"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10812","display_name":"Human Pose and Action Recognition","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10812","display_name":"Human Pose and Action Recognition","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11439","display_name":"Video Analysis and Summarization","score":0.9962999820709229,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11398","display_name":"Hand Gesture Recognition Systems","score":0.9911999702453613,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8153001070022583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/salience","display_name":"Salience (neuroscience)","score":0.8122948408126831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.7936192750930786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/silhouette","display_name":"Silhouette","score":0.756458044052124},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/histogram","display_name":"Histogram","score":0.6177448034286499},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.5880470871925354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/action-recognition","display_name":"Action recognition","score":0.4888145625591278},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-extraction","display_name":"Feature extraction","score":0.4793299436569214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/visualization","display_name":"Visualization","score":0.4791923761367798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/histogram-of-oriented-gradients","display_name":"Histogram of oriented gradients","score":0.4725192189216614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.41316521167755127},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.32954639196395874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.15062373876571655}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8153001070022583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108154423","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1469792","display_name":"Salience (neuroscience)","level":2,"score":0.8122948408126831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.7936192750930786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58103923","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2286025","display_name":"Silhouette","level":2,"score":0.756458044052124},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C53533937","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q185020","display_name":"Histogram","level":3,"score":0.6177448034286499},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.5880470871925354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2987834672","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4677630","display_name":"Action recognition","level":3,"score":0.4888145625591278},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52622490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1026626","display_name":"Feature extraction","level":2,"score":0.4793299436569214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36464697","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q451553","display_name":"Visualization","level":2,"score":0.4791923761367798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17426736","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q419918","display_name":"Histogram of oriented gradients","level":4,"score":0.4725192189216614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.41316521167755127},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.32954639196395874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.15062373876571655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777212361","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5127848","display_name":"Class (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2020.3039740","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3039740","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/09266036.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:eprints.whiterose.ac.uk:168935","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":null,"pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400854","display_name":"White Rose Research Online (University of Leeds, The University of Sheffield, University of York)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2800616092","host_organization_name":"White Rose University Consortium","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2800616092"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:ebdb62be58ec4c2cad447be4870a7312","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/ebdb62be58ec4c2cad447be4870a7312","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 8, Pp 213806-213824 (2020)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2020.3039740","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3039740","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/09266036.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320311039","display_name":"Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research","ror":"https://ror.org/00kab6t91"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3109931275.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3109931275.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":92,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W147001025","https://openalex.org/W332989277","https://openalex.org/W1487602158","https://openalex.org/W1523830374","https://openalex.org/W1570538689","https://openalex.org/W1593040460","https://openalex.org/W1769907550","https://openalex.org/W1956925690","https://openalex.org/W1963671853","https://openalex.org/W1967282980","https://openalex.org/W1980120082","https://openalex.org/W1982000871","https://openalex.org/W1988192097","https://openalex.org/W1991598519","https://openalex.org/W1996010860","https://openalex.org/W2011233349","https://openalex.org/W2019205407","https://openalex.org/W2024868105","https://openalex.org/W2032729268","https://openalex.org/W2034328688","https://openalex.org/W2036872036","https://openalex.org/W2040102758","https://openalex.org/W2040861925","https://openalex.org/W2042328763","https://openalex.org/W2068611653","https://openalex.org/W2073212499","https://openalex.org/W2074403220","https://openalex.org/W2097878628","https://openalex.org/W2106446411","https://openalex.org/W2107055466","https://openalex.org/W2118985252","https://openalex.org/W2126579184","https://openalex.org/W2146634731","https://openalex.org/W2158969428","https://openalex.org/W2159887201","https://openalex.org/W2161969291","https://openalex.org/W2181038068","https://openalex.org/W2211457194","https://openalex.org/W2246782854","https://openalex.org/W2296193698","https://openalex.org/W2322751274","https://openalex.org/W2345600632","https://openalex.org/W2394538075","https://openalex.org/W2398232863","https://openalex.org/W2463071499","https://openalex.org/W2519750370","https://openalex.org/W2566566703","https://openalex.org/W2576656187","https://openalex.org/W2578254665","https://openalex.org/W2585592883","https://openalex.org/W2586564970","https://openalex.org/W2608988379","https://openalex.org/W2650426111","https://openalex.org/W2689551733","https://openalex.org/W2736707111","https://openalex.org/W2740871942","https://openalex.org/W2753418202","https://openalex.org/W2754791538","https://openalex.org/W2791307013","https://openalex.org/W2796633859","https://openalex.org/W2805391940","https://openalex.org/W2807495157","https://openalex.org/W2900107201","https://openalex.org/W2909730182","https://openalex.org/W2917819557","https://openalex.org/W2937345436","https://openalex.org/W2958492098","https://openalex.org/W2962823184","https://openalex.org/W2962902341","https://openalex.org/W2963166524","https://openalex.org/W2963524571","https://openalex.org/W2966888218","https://openalex.org/W2968627699","https://openalex.org/W2969224356","https://openalex.org/W2979723138","https://openalex.org/W2979729503","https://openalex.org/W2981578854","https://openalex.org/W2992687945","https://openalex.org/W2994721977","https://openalex.org/W3001281877","https://openalex.org/W3003646123","https://openalex.org/W3009397657","https://openalex.org/W3011285743","https://openalex.org/W3011934803","https://openalex.org/W3013853001","https://openalex.org/W3101203783","https://openalex.org/W3117305567","https://openalex.org/W4249279051","https://openalex.org/W6634188750","https://openalex.org/W6676006193","https://openalex.org/W6771651993","https://openalex.org/W6787702630"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2540088156","https://openalex.org/W2989613901","https://openalex.org/W2071599417","https://openalex.org/W2048716406","https://openalex.org/W1870444468","https://openalex.org/W2979608518","https://openalex.org/W1964725559","https://openalex.org/W2767833206","https://openalex.org/W3109748140","https://openalex.org/W2045053268"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0,49],"paper":[1],"proposes":[2],"a":[3,34,130],"novel":[4,35],"approach":[5],"for":[6,37,68,200],"visually":[7,75],"anonymizing":[8],"video":[9,20],"clips":[10],"while":[11],"retaining":[12],"the":[13,19,39,44,60,70,74,79,85,94,100,103,117,123,147,154,159,167,172,180,186,193],"ability":[14],"to":[15,99,163],"machine-based":[16,142],"analysis":[17],"of":[18,63,102,133,141,211],"clip,":[21],"such":[22],"as,":[23],"human":[24,143,175,195],"action":[25,71,104,137,144,176,196],"recognition.":[26,138],"The":[27,219],"visual":[28,47,126],"anonymization":[29,40,80,169],"is":[30,50],"achieved":[31,165],"by":[32,42,52,58,185],"proposing":[33],"method":[36,221],"generating":[38],"silhouette":[41],"modeling":[43,183],"frame-wise":[45],"temporal":[46,55,86,181],"salience.":[48],"followed":[51,184],"analysing":[53],"these":[54],"salience-based":[56],"silhouettes":[57],"extracting":[59],"proposed":[61,148,173,220],"histograms":[62],"gradients":[64],"in":[65,73,90,107,116,136,153,158,192],"salience":[66,87,182],"(HOG-S)":[67],"learning":[69,227],"representation":[72],"anonymized":[76,113,160],"domain.":[77],"Since":[78],"maps":[81,88],"are":[82,105],"based":[83,228],"on":[84],"represented":[89,106],"gray":[91,109],"scale,":[92],"only":[93],"moving":[95],"body":[96],"parts":[97],"related":[98],"motion":[101],"larger":[108],"values":[110],"forming":[111],"highly":[112],"silhouettes,":[114],"resulting":[115],"highest":[118,155],"mean":[119],"anonymity":[120],"score":[121],"(MAS),":[122],"least":[124],"identifiable":[125],"appearance":[127],"attributes":[128],"and":[129,207,216,225],"high":[131],"utility":[132,135],"human-perceived":[134],"In":[139],"terms":[140],"recognition,":[145],"using":[146],"HOG-S":[149,187],"features":[150],"has":[151,190],"resulted":[152,191],"accuracy":[156,198],"rate":[157],"domain":[161],"compared":[162],"those":[164],"from":[166],"existing":[168,229],"methods.":[170],"Overall,":[171],"holistic":[174],"recognition":[177,197],"method,":[178],"i.e.,":[179],"feature":[188],"extraction,":[189],"best":[194],"rates":[199],"datasets":[201],"DHA,":[202],"KTH,":[203],"UIUC1,":[204],"UCF":[205],"Sports":[206],"HMDB51":[208],"with":[209],"improvements":[210],"3%,":[212],"1.6%,":[213],"0.8%,":[214],"1.3%":[215],"16.7%,":[217],"respectively.":[218],"outperforms":[222],"both":[223],"feature-based":[224],"deep":[226],"approaches.":[230]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
