{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3107624538","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3039365","title":"Time Averaged Power Control of a 4G or a 5G Radio Base Station for RF EMF Compliance","display_name":"Time Averaged Power Control of a 4G or a 5G Radio Base Station for RF EMF Compliance","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3107624538","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3039365","mag":"3107624538"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2020.3039365","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3039365","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/09264244.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/09264244.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076214114","display_name":"Christer T\u00f6rnevik","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8926-2143"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1306339040","display_name":"Ericsson (Sweden)","ror":"https://ror.org/05a7rhx54","country_code":"SE","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1306339040"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Christer Tornevik","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ericsson AB, Stockholm, Sweden"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8926-2143","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ericsson AB, Stockholm, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1306339040"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058932060","display_name":"Torbj\u00f6rn Wigren","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2580-8906"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1306339040","display_name":"Ericsson (Sweden)","ror":"https://ror.org/05a7rhx54","country_code":"SE","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1306339040"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Torbjorn Wigren","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ericsson AB, Stockholm, Sweden"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2580-8906","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ericsson AB, Stockholm, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1306339040"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100917885","display_name":"Shiguang Guo","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210094041","display_name":"Ericsson (Canada)","ror":"https://ror.org/00nas2c56","country_code":"CA","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1306339040","https://openalex.org/I4210094041"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shiguang Guo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ericsson Mobile Communications, Ottawa, ON, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ericsson Mobile Communications, Ottawa, ON, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210094041"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008630123","display_name":"Ken Huisman","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210094041","display_name":"Ericsson (Canada)","ror":"https://ror.org/00nas2c56","country_code":"CA","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1306339040","https://openalex.org/I4210094041"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ken Huisman","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ericsson Mobile Communications, Ottawa, ON, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ericsson Mobile Communications, Ottawa, ON, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210094041"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":0.9085,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":18,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.74670326,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"8","issue":null,"first_page":"211937","last_page":"211950"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11392","display_name":"Energy Harvesting in Wireless Networks","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11392","display_name":"Energy Harvesting in Wireless Networks","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10069","display_name":"Antenna Design and Analysis","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12791","display_name":"Full-Duplex Wireless Communications","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/base-station","display_name":"Base station","score":0.6976382732391357},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radio-frequency","display_name":"Radio frequency","score":0.6504210829734802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power","display_name":"Power (physics)","score":0.5018022060394287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power-control","display_name":"Power control","score":0.4690839350223541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.4635215699672699},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/compliance","display_name":"Compliance (psychology)","score":0.4514804780483246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rf-power-amplifier","display_name":"RF power amplifier","score":0.43650123476982117},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.3763121962547302},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.3588869571685791},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.19871726632118225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.18387523293495178},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bandwidth","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","score":0.07577458024024963}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68649174","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1379116","display_name":"Base station","level":2,"score":0.6976382732391357},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74064498","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3396184","display_name":"Radio frequency","level":2,"score":0.6504210829734802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.5018022060394287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56685638","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2300474","display_name":"Power control","level":3,"score":0.4690839350223541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.4635215699672699},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781460075","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1399332","display_name":"Compliance (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.4514804780483246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C196054291","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7276624","display_name":"RF power amplifier","level":4,"score":0.43650123476982117},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3763121962547302},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.3588869571685791},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.19871726632118225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.18387523293495178},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776257435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1576430","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","level":2,"score":0.07577458024024963},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194257627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q211554","display_name":"Amplifier","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2020.3039365","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3039365","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/09264244.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:6cb69fb108134ec59f78aa9f6c60937a","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/6cb69fb108134ec59f78aa9f6c60937a","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 8, Pp 211937-211950 (2020)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2020.3039365","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3039365","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/09264244.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.5600000023841858,"display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3107624538.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3107624538.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":17,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W165896801","https://openalex.org/W1536997931","https://openalex.org/W2046424137","https://openalex.org/W2052029349","https://openalex.org/W2102339748","https://openalex.org/W2108473514","https://openalex.org/W2116334496","https://openalex.org/W2121811512","https://openalex.org/W2154972150","https://openalex.org/W2166529894","https://openalex.org/W2171066806","https://openalex.org/W2175088614","https://openalex.org/W2283635835","https://openalex.org/W2563996964","https://openalex.org/W2755151224","https://openalex.org/W4205556338","https://openalex.org/W4291236916"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2050553400","https://openalex.org/W4235212607","https://openalex.org/W4248646537","https://openalex.org/W2132570764","https://openalex.org/W3209221379","https://openalex.org/W2156294920","https://openalex.org/W2540641879","https://openalex.org/W3193712762","https://openalex.org/W2104779319","https://openalex.org/W2155700382"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Currently,":[0],"high":[1],"gain":[2],"antenna":[3,17],"arrays":[4],"are":[5,47,68,255],"deployed":[6],"in":[7,59,78,99,112,218],"cellular":[8],"radio":[9,38,159],"systems":[10,18],"to":[11,49,104,178,205,234],"enhance":[12],"wireless":[13],"capacity.":[14],"These":[15],"advanced":[16],"increase":[19],"the":[20,31,34,51,56,60,63,71,105,116,120,147,168,180,207,219,223,229,235,263],"peak":[21,110],"equivalent":[22],"isotropic":[23],"radiated":[24],"powers":[25],"(EIRPs),":[26],"thereby":[27],"potentially":[28],"also":[29],"increasing":[30],"size":[32],"of":[33,53,62,80,109,118,182,203,209,211,259],"exclusion":[35,66,114,121,169,192],"zones":[36,67],"for":[37,186,246,277],"frequency":[39,215,237],"(RF)":[40],"electro":[41],"magnetic":[42],"field":[43],"(EMF)":[44],"exposure":[45,74,189],"that":[46,143,146,262],"applied":[48],"limit":[50,217],"presence":[52],"workers":[54],"and":[55,91,191,243],"general":[57],"public":[58],"vicinity":[61],"antennas.":[64],"The":[65,195,270],"determined":[69,165],"from":[70],"RF":[72,187],"EMF":[73,188],"limits,":[75],"typically":[76],"expressed":[77],"terms":[79],"time-averaged":[81],"incident":[82],"power":[83,140,149,198,227,231,265,272],"density":[84],"values":[85],"as":[86,268],"provided":[87],"by":[88,156,176],"national":[89],"authorities":[90],"regulatory":[92],"bodies.":[93],"To":[94,130],"mitigate":[95],"possible":[96],"deployment":[97],"challenges":[98],"some":[100],"urban":[101],"areas":[102],"due":[103],"overly":[106],"conservative":[107],"use":[108,181],"EIRP":[111,127],"determining":[113],"zones,":[115],"possibility":[117],"basing":[119],"zone":[122,193],"on":[123],"a":[124,152,157,164,201,212,247],"time":[125,154,183],"averaged":[126,184],"is":[128,232,275],"discussed.":[129],"support":[131],"this":[132,135],"new":[133],"approach,":[134],"paper":[136],"presents":[137],"an":[138],"average":[139,148,197,264,271],"feedback":[141],"controller":[142,199,266],"mathematically":[144],"guarantees":[145],"transmitted":[150],"over":[151],"specified":[153],"window":[155],"single":[158],"base":[160,253,282],"station":[161,254],"stays":[162],"below":[163],"value":[166],"defining":[167],"zone.":[170],"Such":[171],"automation":[172],"may":[173],"be":[174],"required":[175],"regulators":[177],"allow":[179],"quantities":[185],"assessment":[190],"determination.":[194],"developed":[196],"uses":[200],"combination":[202],"controllers":[204],"regulate":[206],"rate":[208],"change":[210],"momentary":[213,224],"fractional":[214],"resource":[216],"scheduler.":[220],"This":[221],"restricts":[222],"total":[225],"transmit":[226,230],"since":[228],"proportional":[233],"scheduled":[236],"resources.":[238],"Simulation":[239],"results,":[240],"laboratory":[241],"measurements":[242,245],"on-site":[244],"commercially":[248],"available":[249],"5G":[250,281],"MIMO":[251,287],"transmitting":[252],"then":[256],"reported,":[257],"all":[258],"them":[260],"verifying":[261],"performs":[267],"intended.":[269],"control":[273],"solution":[274],"applicable":[276],"any":[278],"4G":[279],"or":[280,285],"station,":[283],"with":[284],"without":[286],"transmission":[288],"capability.":[289]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
