{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3099128725","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3037474","title":"Secure and Provenance Enhanced Internet of Health Things Framework: A Blockchain Managed Federated Learning Approach","display_name":"Secure and Provenance Enhanced Internet of Health Things Framework: A Blockchain Managed Federated Learning Approach","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3099128725","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3037474","mag":"3099128725","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34192116"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2020.3037474","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3037474","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8948470/09256355.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8948470/09256355.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100674576","display_name":"Md. Abdur Rahman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4105-0368"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210143490","display_name":"Computing Center","ror":"https://ror.org/0557kgc34","country_code":"RU","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1313323035","https://openalex.org/I4210143490","https://openalex.org/I4210148470"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210151290","display_name":"Islamic University of Madinah","ror":"https://ror.org/03rcp1y74","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210151290"]}],"countries":["RU","SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mohamed Abdur Rahman","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Cyber Security and Forensic ComputingCollege of Computing and Cyber SciencesUniversity of Prince MugrinMadinah41499Saudi Arabia","Department of Cyber Security and Forensic Computing, College of Computing and Cyber Sciences, University of Prince Mugrin, Madinah, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4105-0368","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Cyber Security and Forensic ComputingCollege of Computing and Cyber SciencesUniversity of Prince MugrinMadinah41499Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210143490"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Cyber Security and Forensic Computing, College of Computing and Cyber Sciences, University of Prince Mugrin, Madinah, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210151290"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037865550","display_name":"M. Shamim Hossain","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5906-9422"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28022161","display_name":"King Saud University","ror":"https://ror.org/02f81g417","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28022161"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M. Shamim Hossain","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Software EngineeringCollege of Computer and Information SciencesKing Saud UniversityRiyadh11543Saudi Arabia","Department of Software Engineering, College of Computer and Information Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5906-9422","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Software EngineeringCollege of Computer and Information SciencesKing Saud UniversityRiyadh11543Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28022161"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Software Engineering, College of Computer and Information Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28022161"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100604298","display_name":"Mohammad Saiful Islam","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0963-0469"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I55521800","display_name":"Goldsmiths University of London","ror":"https://ror.org/01khx4a30","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I55521800"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mohammad Saiful Islam","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computing, GoldsmithUniversity of LondonLondonSE14 6NWU.K","Department of Computing, Goldsmith, University of London, London, U.K"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computing, GoldsmithUniversity of LondonLondonSE14 6NWU.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I55521800"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computing, Goldsmith, University of London, London, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I55521800"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089697598","display_name":"Nabil Alrajeh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1861-0582"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801066305","display_name":"King Saud Medical City","ror":"https://ror.org/03aj9rj02","country_code":"SA","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801066305"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28022161","display_name":"King Saud University","ror":"https://ror.org/02f81g417","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28022161"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nabil A. Alrajeh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biomedical EngineeringCollege of Applied Medical SciencesKing Saud UniversityRiyadh11543Saudi Arabia","Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1861-0582","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biomedical EngineeringCollege of Applied Medical SciencesKing Saud UniversityRiyadh11543Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801066305"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28022161"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080711681","display_name":"Ghulam Muhammad","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9781-3969"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28022161","display_name":"King Saud University","ror":"https://ror.org/02f81g417","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28022161"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ghulam Muhammad","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer EngineeringCollege of Computer and Information SciencesKing Saud UniversityRiyadh11543Saudi Arabia","Department of Computer Engineering, College of Computer and Information Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9781-3969","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer EngineeringCollege of Computer and Information SciencesKing Saud UniversityRiyadh11543Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Engineering, College of Computer and Information Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28022161"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":20.8535,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":285,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.995327,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"8","issue":null,"first_page":"205071","last_page":"205087"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10764","display_name":"Privacy-Preserving Technologies in Data","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10764","display_name":"Privacy-Preserving Technologies in Data","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10270","display_name":"Blockchain Technology Applications and Security","score":0.9976999759674072,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11636","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare and Education","score":0.9704999923706055,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2718","display_name":"Health Informatics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8108116388320923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/encryption","display_name":"Encryption","score":0.582697868347168},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/authentication","display_name":"Authentication (law)","score":0.5229055285453796},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.5155022740364075},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/upload","display_name":"Upload","score":0.5145963430404663},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/blockchain","display_name":"Blockchain","score":0.46061018109321594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/differential-privacy","display_name":"Differential privacy","score":0.43631288409233093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-privacy","display_name":"Information privacy","score":0.41324636340141296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.213140070438385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.18322023749351501}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8108116388320923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148730421","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141090","display_name":"Encryption","level":2,"score":0.582697868347168},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148417208","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4825882","display_name":"Authentication (law)","level":2,"score":0.5229055285453796},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.5155022740364075},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71901391","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7126699","display_name":"Upload","level":2,"score":0.5145963430404663},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779687700","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q20514253","display_name":"Blockchain","level":2,"score":0.46061018109321594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23130292","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5275358","display_name":"Differential privacy","level":2,"score":0.43631288409233093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123201435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q456632","display_name":"Information privacy","level":2,"score":0.41324636340141296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.213140070438385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.18322023749351501}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2020.3037474","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3037474","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8948470/09256355.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:34192116","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34192116","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE access : practical innovations, open solutions","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:07b3e1cb81d749999a791a0bb8066ecd","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/07b3e1cb81d749999a791a0bb8066ecd","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 8, Pp 205071-205087 (2020)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:8043507","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/8043507","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2020.3037474","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3037474","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8948470/09256355.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Partnerships for the goals","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/17","score":0.44999998807907104}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3099128725.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3099128725.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":137,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1966933694","https://openalex.org/W1980636884","https://openalex.org/W2011261343","https://openalex.org/W2050103272","https://openalex.org/W2092168252","https://openalex.org/W2184902314","https://openalex.org/W2330246863","https://openalex.org/W2467570466","https://openalex.org/W2539733177","https://openalex.org/W2691976780","https://openalex.org/W2773228868","https://openalex.org/W2790867243","https://openalex.org/W2796571581","https://openalex.org/W2800301733","https://openalex.org/W2804634603","https://openalex.org/W2810315699","https://openalex.org/W2896338146","https://openalex.org/W2897350321","https://openalex.org/W2898207212","https://openalex.org/W2900616489","https://openalex.org/W2910222590","https://openalex.org/W2915149867","https://openalex.org/W2915778496","https://openalex.org/W2944852501","https://openalex.org/W2949563395","https://openalex.org/W2949726555","https://openalex.org/W2951832089","https://openalex.org/W2954695540","https://openalex.org/W2957123389","https://openalex.org/W2963023955","https://openalex.org/W2963856442","https://openalex.org/W2964242684","https://openalex.org/W2974306260","https://openalex.org/W2974429275","https://openalex.org/W2982232329","https://openalex.org/W2987317136","https://openalex.org/W2987662977","https://openalex.org/W2988622501","https://openalex.org/W2989120265","https://openalex.org/W2989289980","https://openalex.org/W2990135320","https://openalex.org/W2990540619","https://openalex.org/W2996599411","https://openalex.org/W2996845627","https://openalex.org/W2997979776","https://openalex.org/W2999414741","https://openalex.org/W3001265409","https://openalex.org/W3004505028","https://openalex.org/W3006655855","https://openalex.org/W3009627224","https://openalex.org/W3010262580","https://openalex.org/W3010852232","https://openalex.org/W3010861191","https://openalex.org/W3013124972","https://openalex.org/W3013263293","https://openalex.org/W3014517104","https://openalex.org/W3015767938","https://openalex.org/W3016063723","https://openalex.org/W3017949972","https://openalex.org/W3018464563","https://openalex.org/W3021026170","https://openalex.org/W3021361779","https://openalex.org/W3022769788","https://openalex.org/W3023935494","https://openalex.org/W3025412407","https://openalex.org/W3025707801","https://openalex.org/W3027313259","https://openalex.org/W3028504508","https://openalex.org/W3033403733","https://openalex.org/W3033466636","https://openalex.org/W3033988836","https://openalex.org/W3037361310","https://openalex.org/W3038507111","https://openalex.org/W3039812354","https://openalex.org/W3041006163","https://openalex.org/W3041540203","https://openalex.org/W3041656022","https://openalex.org/W3042012704","https://openalex.org/W3042076285","https://openalex.org/W3042336089","https://openalex.org/W3043303805","https://openalex.org/W3043609867","https://openalex.org/W3043715968","https://openalex.org/W3044259267","https://openalex.org/W3044515030","https://openalex.org/W3047095708","https://openalex.org/W3048634206","https://openalex.org/W3051272477","https://openalex.org/W3080705207","https://openalex.org/W3081817842","https://openalex.org/W3082060398","https://openalex.org/W3085804794","https://openalex.org/W3088084782","https://openalex.org/W3088246894","https://openalex.org/W3088682211","https://openalex.org/W3090984959","https://openalex.org/W3092108740","https://openalex.org/W3093282011","https://openalex.org/W3093606573","https://openalex.org/W3093800784","https://openalex.org/W3096847612","https://openalex.org/W3097974940","https://openalex.org/W3098869415","https://openalex.org/W3100779497","https://openalex.org/W3101098008","https://openalex.org/W3101220048","https://openalex.org/W3101718285","https://openalex.org/W3104924399","https://openalex.org/W3105099026","https://openalex.org/W3105324058","https://openalex.org/W3105915864","https://openalex.org/W3105951560","https://openalex.org/W3111635317","https://openalex.org/W3119842887","https://openalex.org/W3127299377","https://openalex.org/W3128171157","https://openalex.org/W3177095755","https://openalex.org/W4287726783","https://openalex.org/W4288086157","https://openalex.org/W6766069891","https://openalex.org/W6768013697","https://openalex.org/W6771604537","https://openalex.org/W6771850663","https://openalex.org/W6772189086","https://openalex.org/W6772424384","https://openalex.org/W6774609218","https://openalex.org/W6774857738","https://openalex.org/W6776038654","https://openalex.org/W6776702482","https://openalex.org/W6777334122","https://openalex.org/W6780424218","https://openalex.org/W6780438843","https://openalex.org/W6783040321","https://openalex.org/W6783284643","https://openalex.org/W6784103824","https://openalex.org/W6785629343","https://openalex.org/W6966807840"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4210406818","https://openalex.org/W4306779889","https://openalex.org/W4386732777","https://openalex.org/W3211706803","https://openalex.org/W4382775358","https://openalex.org/W4246942721","https://openalex.org/W3209862047","https://openalex.org/W4304136894","https://openalex.org/W2989851257","https://openalex.org/W2799059781"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Recent":[0,84],"advancements":[1,85],"in":[2,11,18,43,86,167,293],"the":[3,12,34,46,56,81,91,100,110,129,138,144,150,173,185,193,208,214,218,229,236,242,248,251,275],"Internet":[4],"of":[5,15,52,60,109,113,131,140,146,181,187,195,211,247,289],"Health":[6],"Things":[7],"(IoHT)":[8],"have":[9,37,70],"ushered":[10],"wide":[13],"adoption":[14,288],"IoT":[16],"devices":[17,98],"our":[19],"daily":[20],"health":[21,291],"management.":[22],"For":[23],"IoHT":[24,35,61,75,101,114,249],"data":[25,41,76,115],"to":[26,45,103,128,234],"be":[27,78],"acceptable":[28],"by":[29,118],"stakeholders,":[30],"applications":[31,264],"that":[32],"incorporate":[33],"must":[36],"a":[38,125,162,212,294],"provision":[39],"for":[40,153,266,286],"provenance,":[42],"addition":[44],"accuracy,":[47],"security,":[48],"integrity,":[49],"and":[50,58,66,149,179,198,217,245,279],"quality":[51],"data.":[53],"To":[54,240],"protect":[55],"privacy":[57,68,111,244],"security":[59],"data,":[62,148,250],"federated":[63,136,183,222],"learning":[64,263],"(FL)":[65],"differential":[67],"(DP)":[69],"been":[71],"proposed,":[72],"where":[73],"private":[74],"can":[77],"trained":[79,191],"at":[80,134],"owner's":[82],"premises.":[83],"hardware":[87],"GPUs":[88],"even":[89],"allow":[90],"FL":[92,122,155,165],"process":[93],"within":[94],"smartphone":[95],"or":[96,189,202],"edge":[97,105,174,196,223],"having":[99],"attached":[102],"their":[104,199],"nodes.":[106],"Although":[107],"some":[108],"concerns":[112],"are":[116],"addressed":[117],"FL,":[119],"fully":[120],"decentralized":[121],"is":[123],"still":[124],"challenge":[126],"due":[127],"lack":[130],"training":[132,142,147,175],"capability":[133],"all":[135],"nodes,":[137,184],"scarcity":[139],"high-quality":[141],"datasets,":[143],"provenance":[145],"authentication":[151,180],"required":[152],"each":[154],"node.":[156],"In":[157],"this":[158],"paper,":[159],"we":[160],"present":[161,273],"lightweight":[163,254],"hybrid":[164],"framework":[166,205,252,257],"which":[168,282],"blockchain":[169,230],"smart":[170],"contracts":[171],"manage":[172],"plan,":[176],"trust":[177],"management,":[178],"participating":[182],"distribution":[186],"global":[188],"locally":[190],"models,":[192],"reputation":[194],"nodes":[197],"uploaded":[200],"datasets":[201],"models.":[203],"The":[204],"also":[206],"supports":[207,253],"full":[209,243],"encryption":[210,233],"dataset,":[213],"model":[215,238],"training,":[216],"inferencing":[219],"process.":[220],"Each":[221],"node":[224],"performs":[225],"additive":[226],"encryption,":[227],"while":[228],"uses":[231],"multiplicative":[232],"aggregate":[235],"updated":[237],"parameters.":[239],"support":[241],"anonymization":[246],"DP.":[255],"This":[256],"was":[258],"tested":[259],"with":[260,269],"several":[261],"deep":[262],"designed":[265],"clinical":[267],"trials":[268],"COVID-19":[270],"patients.":[271],"We":[272],"here":[274],"detailed":[276],"design,":[277],"implementation,":[278],"test":[280],"results,":[281],"demonstrate":[283],"strong":[284],"potential":[285],"wider":[287],"IoHT-based":[290],"management":[292],"secure":[295],"way.":[296]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":21},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":55},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":55},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":58},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":49},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":45},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-06-16T09:24:06.705377","created_date":"2020-11-23T00:00:00"}
