{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3097937691","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3035746","title":"Investigation on Classification and Cleaning for Visually Self-Intersected Multipart Polygon With One Outer Ring","display_name":"Investigation on Classification and Cleaning for Visually Self-Intersected Multipart Polygon With One Outer Ring","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3097937691","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3035746","mag":"3097937691"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2020.3035746","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3035746","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8948470/09247971.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8948470/09247971.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101808664","display_name":"Chengming Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9438-4871"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210114963","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Surveying and Mapping","ror":"https://ror.org/02j693n47","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210114963"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I80143920","display_name":"Shandong University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04gtjhw98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I80143920"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chengming Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Chinese Academy of Surveying and Mapping, Beijing, China","College of Geomatics, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, China","National Engineering Laboratory for Integrated Aero-Space-Ground-Ocean Big Data Application Technology, Xi\u2019an, China","National Engineering Laboratory for Integrated Aero-Space-Ground-Ocean Big Data Application Technology, Xi'an, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Chinese Academy of Surveying and Mapping, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210114963"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Geomatics, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I80143920"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Engineering Laboratory for Integrated Aero-Space-Ground-Ocean Big Data Application Technology, Xi\u2019an, China","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Engineering Laboratory for Integrated Aero-Space-Ground-Ocean Big Data Application Technology, Xi'an, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101760158","display_name":"Man Guo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0796-2280"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210114963","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Surveying and Mapping","ror":"https://ror.org/02j693n47","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210114963"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Man Guo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Chinese Academy of Surveying and Mapping, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0796-2280","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Chinese Academy of Surveying and Mapping, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210114963"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031649840","display_name":"Pengda Wu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5498-1949"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210114963","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Surveying and Mapping","ror":"https://ror.org/02j693n47","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210114963"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I80143920","display_name":"Shandong University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04gtjhw98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I80143920"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pengda Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Chinese Academy of Surveying and Mapping, Beijing, China","College of Geomatics, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5498-1949","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Chinese Academy of Surveying and Mapping, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210114963"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Geomatics, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I80143920"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100715073","display_name":"Yong Yin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2321-9200"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210114963","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Surveying and Mapping","ror":"https://ror.org/02j693n47","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210114963"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I80143920","display_name":"Shandong University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04gtjhw98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I80143920"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yong Yin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Chinese Academy of Surveying and Mapping, Beijing, China","College of Geomatics, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, China","National Engineering Laboratory for Integrated Aero-Space-Ground-Ocean Big Data Application Technology, Xi\u2019an, China","National Engineering Laboratory for Integrated Aero-Space-Ground-Ocean Big Data Application Technology, Xi'an, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Chinese Academy of Surveying and Mapping, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210114963"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Geomatics, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I80143920"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Engineering Laboratory for Integrated Aero-Space-Ground-Ocean Big Data Application Technology, Xi\u2019an, China","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Engineering Laboratory for Integrated Aero-Space-Ground-Ocean Big Data Application Technology, Xi'an, China","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.23349345,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"8","issue":null,"first_page":"202522","last_page":"202539"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10757","display_name":"Geographic Information Systems Studies","score":0.992900013923645,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3305","display_name":"Geography, Planning and Development"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10757","display_name":"Geographic Information Systems Studies","score":0.992900013923645,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3305","display_name":"Geography, Planning and Development"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11596","display_name":"Constraint Satisfaction and Optimization","score":0.9894999861717224,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11106","display_name":"Data Management and Algorithms","score":0.9879000186920166,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/polygon","display_name":"Polygon (computer graphics)","score":0.6918900609016418},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intersection","display_name":"Intersection (aeronautics)","score":0.6178466081619263},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5870283246040344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/monotone-polygon","display_name":"Monotone polygon","score":0.4782513678073883},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robustness","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","score":0.45830798149108887},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/line","display_name":"Line (geometry)","score":0.4357706904411316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.38124117255210876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/topology","display_name":"Topology (electrical circuits)","score":0.37986576557159424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.3290271759033203},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.3287842869758606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/combinatorics","display_name":"Combinatorics","score":0.27089253067970276},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.26626598834991455},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cartography","display_name":"Cartography","score":0.24951761960983276},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geometry","display_name":"Geometry","score":0.2295534312725067}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190694206","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3276654","display_name":"Polygon (computer graphics)","level":3,"score":0.6918900609016418},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C64543145","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162942","display_name":"Intersection (aeronautics)","level":2,"score":0.6178466081619263},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5870283246040344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2834757","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4925424","display_name":"Monotone polygon","level":2,"score":0.4782513678073883},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63479239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353546","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","level":3,"score":0.45830798149108887},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198352243","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37105","display_name":"Line (geometry)","level":2,"score":0.4357706904411316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.38124117255210876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184720557","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7825049","display_name":"Topology (electrical circuits)","level":2,"score":0.37986576557159424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.3290271759033203},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.3287842869758606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.27089253067970276},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.26626598834991455},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58640448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42515","display_name":"Cartography","level":1,"score":0.24951761960983276},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.2295534312725067},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126042441","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1324888","display_name":"Frame (networking)","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2020.3035746","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3035746","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8948470/09247971.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:cbc8aeb565db4c5d87f78472e49ad124","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/cbc8aeb565db4c5d87f78472e49ad124","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 8, Pp 202522-202539 (2020)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2020.3035746","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3035746","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8948470/09247971.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1118587163","display_name":"\u90bb\u8fd1\u573a\u7a7a\u95f4\u5173\u7cfb\u7ea6\u675f\u4e0b\u7ebf\u8981\u7d20\u5316\u7b80\u65b9\u6cd5\u7814\u7a76","funder_award_id":"41871375","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3097937691.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3097937691.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":29,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1536187505","https://openalex.org/W1542085343","https://openalex.org/W1835757176","https://openalex.org/W1982415484","https://openalex.org/W1987405394","https://openalex.org/W2014217492","https://openalex.org/W2025018350","https://openalex.org/W2040269857","https://openalex.org/W2067643477","https://openalex.org/W2117442141","https://openalex.org/W2126989482","https://openalex.org/W2133039566","https://openalex.org/W2147522245","https://openalex.org/W2153299531","https://openalex.org/W2170081071","https://openalex.org/W2360745723","https://openalex.org/W2596153497","https://openalex.org/W2736549734","https://openalex.org/W2803921823","https://openalex.org/W2925089508","https://openalex.org/W2946472266","https://openalex.org/W2954427723","https://openalex.org/W2960733723","https://openalex.org/W4214494916","https://openalex.org/W4250204573","https://openalex.org/W6667545061","https://openalex.org/W6685094203","https://openalex.org/W6741205355","https://openalex.org/W7055589487"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2348909947","https://openalex.org/W4225161321","https://openalex.org/W2466150543","https://openalex.org/W2358728421","https://openalex.org/W2374398405","https://openalex.org/W2355806726","https://openalex.org/W2360349537","https://openalex.org/W2388408040","https://openalex.org/W2371953206","https://openalex.org/W2352878362"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,36],"the":[1,18,28,44,49,81,87,109,119,134,174,180,200,204,212,235,240,247,262],"field":[2],"of":[3,22,138,217],"cartography":[4],"and":[5,20,68,130,136,151,157,176,182,188,203,250,254,280],"geographic":[6],"information":[7],"systems,":[8],"eliminating":[9],"self-intersection":[10,106,116,147],"problems":[11],"is":[12,64,101,111,142],"a":[13,77,104,114,131],"key":[14],"step":[15],"in":[16,127,220,223],"improving":[17],"reliability":[19],"robustness":[21],"spatial":[23,58],"data":[24,210],"representations,":[25],"especially":[26],"for":[27,133,227],"multipart":[29],"polygon":[30],"with":[31],"one":[32],"outer":[33],"ring":[34],"(MPOOR).":[35],"traditional":[37],"studies,":[38],"self-intersected":[39,140,196],"MPOORs":[40,141,197],"were":[41,243,258],"identified":[42,170,238],"by":[43,198,239,246],"topological":[45,62,105,175],"intersection":[46],"relationships":[47,178],"between":[48,179],"line":[50,69,183],"segments,":[51],"but":[52,75,276],"during":[53],"map":[54,57,88],"generalization":[55],"or":[56],"calculations,":[59],"identifying":[60],"only":[61,273],"self-intersections":[63,126],"insufficient.":[65],"Elements":[66],"(vertices":[67],"segments)":[70],"that":[71,167,233,270],"are":[72,123,149,160,191,225,271],"topologically":[73,274],"separated":[74],"have":[76],"distance":[78,84,177],"smaller":[79],"than":[80],"minimum":[82],"visible":[83],"(MVD)":[85],"on":[86,173],"also":[89,277],"need":[90],"to":[91,94,193],"be":[92,169],"considered":[93],"avoid":[95],"graphic":[96],"conflicts.":[97],"The":[98,229],"former":[99],"condition":[100],"known":[102,112],"as":[103,113,206],"(TS),":[107],"while":[108],"latter":[110],"cartographic":[115],"(CS).":[117],"Both":[118],"above":[120],"two":[121,251],"cases":[122],"called":[124],"visual":[125,146],"this":[128],"paper,":[129],"method":[132,242,264],"classification":[135],"cleaning":[137,268],"visually":[139,195,281],"proposed.":[143],"First,":[144],"four":[145,255],"patterns":[148,166,237,253,257],"distinguished":[150],"defined,":[152],"namely,":[153],"intersecting,":[154],"separating,":[155],"collinear":[156],"combined,":[158],"which":[159],"further":[161],"divided":[162],"into":[163],"ten":[164],"refined":[165],"can":[168],"automatically":[171],"based":[172],"vertices":[181],"elements.":[184],"Second,":[185],"general":[186],"displacement":[187],"shrinkage":[189],"algorithms":[190],"proposed":[192,248,263],"clean":[194],"taking":[199],"conflict":[201],"regions":[202],"MVD":[205],"constraints.":[207],"Finally,":[208],"real":[209],"from":[211],"Second":[213],"National":[214],"Land":[215],"Survey":[216],"five":[218],"counties":[219],"Guizhou":[221],"Province":[222],"China":[224],"used":[226],"validation.":[228],"experimental":[230],"results":[231,269],"show":[232],"all":[234],"TS":[236,252],"Martinez-Llario":[241],"successfully":[244],"captured":[245],"method,":[249],"CS":[256],"newly":[259],"identified.":[260],"Moreover,":[261],"yields":[265],"more":[266],"reasonable":[267],"not":[272],"correct":[275],"morphologically":[278],"consistent":[279],"distinguishable.":[282]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
