{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3094644441","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3034226","title":"Hybrid Multilayer Network Traceback to the Real Sources of Attack Devices","display_name":"Hybrid Multilayer Network Traceback to the Real Sources of Attack Devices","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3094644441","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3034226","mag":"3094644441"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2020.3034226","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3034226","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8948470/09240996.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8948470/09240996.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069737559","display_name":"Ming\u2010Hour Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4773-7352"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I151221077","display_name":"Chung Yuan Christian University","ror":"https://ror.org/02w8ws377","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I151221077"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ming-Hour Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Chung Yuan Christian University, Taoyuan City, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4773-7352","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Chung Yuan Christian University, Taoyuan City, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151221077"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016807540","display_name":"Jia-Ning Luo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1395-5810"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I192703390","display_name":"Ming Chuan University","ror":"https://ror.org/02pgvzy25","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I192703390"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jia-Ning Luo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ming Chuan University, Taoyuan City, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ming Chuan University, Taoyuan City, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I192703390"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045546889","display_name":"M. Vijayalakshmi","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M. Vijayalakshmi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Network Laboratory, Thiagarajar College of Engineering, Madurai, India"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5753-6231","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Network Laboratory, Thiagarajar College of Engineering, Madurai, India","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085129181","display_name":"S. Mercy Shalinie","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3542-1879"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S. Mercy Shalinie","raw_affiliation_strings":["Network Laboratory, Thiagarajar College of Engineering, Madurai, India"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3542-1879","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Network Laboratory, Thiagarajar College of Engineering, Madurai, India","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":0.8104,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":8,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.76098643,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"8","issue":null,"first_page":"201087","last_page":"201097"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10400","display_name":"Network Security and Intrusion Detection","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10400","display_name":"Network Security and Intrusion Detection","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11598","display_name":"Internet Traffic Analysis and Secure E-voting","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11241","display_name":"Advanced Malware Detection Techniques","score":0.9983999729156494,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ip-traceback","display_name":"IP traceback","score":0.8539780378341675},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7911918759346008},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spoofing-attack","display_name":"Spoofing attack","score":0.7612571120262146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.6373327970504761},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.6169114708900452},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/network-packet","display_name":"Network packet","score":0.5549415946006775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/network-security","display_name":"Network security","score":0.4804377257823944},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/network-layer","display_name":"Network layer","score":0.4672299325466156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/network-forensics","display_name":"Network forensics","score":0.467147558927536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/the-internet","display_name":"The Internet","score":0.4060116410255432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/layer","display_name":"Layer (electronics)","score":0.3754861652851105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/denial-of-service-attack","display_name":"Denial-of-service attack","score":0.2735865116119385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/digital-forensics","display_name":"Digital forensics","score":0.0939367413520813}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776059407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5973212","display_name":"IP traceback","level":4,"score":0.8539780378341675},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7911918759346008},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C167900197","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11081100","display_name":"Spoofing attack","level":2,"score":0.7612571120262146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.6373327970504761},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.6169114708900452},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158379750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214111","display_name":"Network packet","level":2,"score":0.5549415946006775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182590292","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q989632","display_name":"Network security","level":2,"score":0.4804377257823944},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C117468950","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208074","display_name":"Network layer","level":3,"score":0.4672299325466156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50747538","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7001032","display_name":"Network forensics","level":3,"score":0.467147558927536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110875604","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q75","display_name":"The Internet","level":2,"score":0.4060116410255432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779227376","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6505497","display_name":"Layer (electronics)","level":2,"score":0.3754861652851105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38822068","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131406","display_name":"Denial-of-service attack","level":3,"score":0.2735865116119385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84418412","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3246940","display_name":"Digital forensics","level":2,"score":0.0939367413520813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2020.3034226","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3034226","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8948470/09240996.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:90f8512c3b154c238baa3e1ae1663158","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/90f8512c3b154c238baa3e1ae1663158","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 8, Pp 201087-201097 (2020)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2020.3034226","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3034226","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8948470/09240996.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","score":0.8199999928474426}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1543659349","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"MOST 109-2218-E-011-007","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322108","funder_display_name":"Ministry of Science and Technology"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2445758680","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"MOST 109-2221-E-130-006","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322108","funder_display_name":"Ministry of Science and Technology"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6018294700","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"MOST 109-2218-E-009-010","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322108","funder_display_name":"Ministry of Science and Technology"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322108","display_name":"Ministry of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/032e49973"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3094644441.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3094644441.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":53,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1230570795","https://openalex.org/W1499542368","https://openalex.org/W1534626636","https://openalex.org/W1959318606","https://openalex.org/W1967287403","https://openalex.org/W1978432841","https://openalex.org/W1984956506","https://openalex.org/W2008181771","https://openalex.org/W2009827754","https://openalex.org/W2018555647","https://openalex.org/W2021358715","https://openalex.org/W2023920268","https://openalex.org/W2024386395","https://openalex.org/W2033623391","https://openalex.org/W2039585949","https://openalex.org/W2060619281","https://openalex.org/W2060954861","https://openalex.org/W2066281646","https://openalex.org/W2090583939","https://openalex.org/W2094907131","https://openalex.org/W2095726404","https://openalex.org/W2097156637","https://openalex.org/W2106069967","https://openalex.org/W2109261167","https://openalex.org/W2117592947","https://openalex.org/W2123845384","https://openalex.org/W2135708813","https://openalex.org/W2150228605","https://openalex.org/W2153817899","https://openalex.org/W2154602876","https://openalex.org/W2156447084","https://openalex.org/W2158240888","https://openalex.org/W2163809997","https://openalex.org/W2170771030","https://openalex.org/W2253664455","https://openalex.org/W2531766446","https://openalex.org/W2789266794","https://openalex.org/W2886870070","https://openalex.org/W2892077825","https://openalex.org/W2897246715","https://openalex.org/W2919728629","https://openalex.org/W2989230867","https://openalex.org/W3003523118","https://openalex.org/W3008603700","https://openalex.org/W3011316412","https://openalex.org/W3015420232","https://openalex.org/W3167084651","https://openalex.org/W6628196497","https://openalex.org/W6631980586","https://openalex.org/W6641016944","https://openalex.org/W6683236474","https://openalex.org/W6691912472","https://openalex.org/W6755619295"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2075872274","https://openalex.org/W2137245058","https://openalex.org/W2415732242","https://openalex.org/W2035643924","https://openalex.org/W1685415006","https://openalex.org/W109647043","https://openalex.org/W2144471820","https://openalex.org/W2189229284","https://openalex.org/W2347635077","https://openalex.org/W4207048601"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"With":[0],"the":[1,4,67,73,80,93,97,108,123,128,133],"advent":[2],"of":[3,6,76],"Internet":[5],"Things":[7],"(IoT),":[8],"there":[9],"are":[10,20],"also":[11],"major":[12,21],"information":[13,22,75],"security":[14,23],"risks":[15,24],"hidden":[16,25],"behind":[17,26],"them.":[18,27,48],"There":[19],"Attackers":[28],"can":[29,125],"conceal":[30],"their":[31],"actual":[32],"attack":[33,40,90],"locations":[34],"by":[35],"spoofing":[36],"IP":[37,59],"addresses":[38],"to":[39,52,87],"IoT":[41],"devices,":[42],"law":[43],"enforcement":[44],"cannot":[45,71],"easily":[46],"track":[47],"Therefore,":[49],"a":[50,77,85,112,139,145],"method":[51,86,124],"trace":[53],"stealth":[54],"attacks":[55,119],"is":[56],"required.":[57],"Conventional":[58],"traceback":[60,63,89,127],"methods":[61],"that":[62],"only":[64,102],"attackers":[65,117],"on":[66],"network":[68,94,110],"layer":[69,95,100],"and":[70,96,135,144],"infer":[72],"path":[74],"packet":[78],"traversing":[79],"switch.":[81],"This":[82],"article":[83],"proposes":[84],"simultaneously":[88],"sources":[91],"at":[92],"data":[98],"link":[99],"with":[101],"one":[103],"single":[104],"packet.":[105],"Even":[106],"if":[107,115],"core":[109],"contains":[111],"switch":[113],"or":[114],"multiple":[116],"launch":[118],"from":[120],"different":[121],"locations,":[122],"correctly":[126],"true":[129],"devices":[130],"responsible":[131],"for":[132],"attacks,":[134],"its":[136],"achievements":[137],"include":[138],"zero":[140],"false":[141,147],"negative":[142],"rate":[143],"low":[146],"positive":[148],"rate.":[149]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}