{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3094044082","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3032406","title":"Person-Independent Facial Expression Recognition Based on Improved Local Binary Pattern and Higher-Order Singular Value Decomposition","display_name":"Person-Independent Facial Expression Recognition Based on Improved Local Binary Pattern and Higher-Order Singular Value Decomposition","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3094044082","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3032406","mag":"3094044082"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2020.3032406","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3032406","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8948470/09233316.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8948470/09233316.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100693515","display_name":"Ying He","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0392-9686"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I162868743","display_name":"Tianjin University","ror":"https://ror.org/012tb2g32","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ying He","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ren\u2019ai College of Tianjin University, Tianjin, China","Ren'ai College of Tianjin University, Tianjin, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ren\u2019ai College of Tianjin University, Tianjin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ren'ai College of Tianjin University, Tianjin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101911538","display_name":"Shuxin Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1185-4602"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I162868743","display_name":"Tianjin University","ror":"https://ror.org/012tb2g32","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shuxin Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ren\u2019ai College of Tianjin University, Tianjin, China","Ren'ai College of Tianjin University, Tianjin, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ren\u2019ai College of Tianjin University, Tianjin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ren'ai College of Tianjin University, Tianjin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100693515"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":1.1784,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":17,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.81672101,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"8","issue":null,"first_page":"190184","last_page":"190193"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10057","display_name":"Face and Expression Recognition","score":0.9987000226974487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10057","display_name":"Face and Expression Recognition","score":0.9987000226974487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10667","display_name":"Emotion and Mood Recognition","score":0.9887999892234802,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13731","display_name":"Advanced Computing and Algorithms","score":0.9794999957084656,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3322","display_name":"Urban Studies"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.8047451972961426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/local-binary-patterns","display_name":"Local binary patterns","score":0.8010079264640808},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6849064826965332},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6207004189491272},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/facial-expression","display_name":"Facial expression","score":0.5719470977783203},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/facial-recognition-system","display_name":"Facial recognition system","score":0.565760612487793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-extraction","display_name":"Feature extraction","score":0.5435696244239807},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/k-nearest-neighbors-algorithm","display_name":"k-nearest neighbors algorithm","score":0.5328367948532104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/singular-value-decomposition","display_name":"Singular value decomposition","score":0.5149620175361633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/expression","display_name":"Expression (computer science)","score":0.5031554102897644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/similarity","display_name":"Similarity (geometry)","score":0.4452440142631531},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","score":0.4370481073856354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.15557792782783508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/histogram","display_name":"Histogram","score":0.08811691403388977}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.8047451972961426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87335442","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2494345","display_name":"Local binary patterns","level":4,"score":0.8010079264640808},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6849064826965332},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6207004189491272},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195704467","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q327968","display_name":"Facial expression","level":2,"score":0.5719470977783203},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31510193","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1192553","display_name":"Facial recognition system","level":3,"score":0.565760612487793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52622490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1026626","display_name":"Feature extraction","level":2,"score":0.5435696244239807},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113238511","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071612","display_name":"k-nearest neighbors algorithm","level":2,"score":0.5328367948532104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22789450","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420904","display_name":"Singular value decomposition","level":2,"score":0.5149620175361633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90559484","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q778379","display_name":"Expression (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.5031554102897644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C103278499","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q254465","display_name":"Similarity (geometry)","level":3,"score":0.4452440142631531},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.4370481073856354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.15557792782783508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C53533937","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q185020","display_name":"Histogram","level":3,"score":0.08811691403388977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2020.3032406","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3032406","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8948470/09233316.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:ccb8e40f26974dd59fbed2950f5ba779","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/ccb8e40f26974dd59fbed2950f5ba779","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 8, Pp 190184-190193 (2020)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2020.3032406","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3032406","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8948470/09233316.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Reduced inequalities","score":0.5400000214576721,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10"},{"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","score":0.46000000834465027,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1231421488","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"under","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2087396116","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"China","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2802911279","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Young","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3317480652","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Science","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3771491285","display_name":"RAPID: COVID-19: New Handheld Gas Sensors for Airborne SARS-CoV-2 Virus: Instant COVID-19 Diagnosis from Exhaled Breath","funder_award_id":"2031142","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G391238517","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":", and","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5571679129","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"11803013","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G56731936","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"U2031142","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5994120800","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Natural","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G848032724","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Science","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3094044082.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3094044082.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":13,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W225158459","https://openalex.org/W2011775600","https://openalex.org/W2027756614","https://openalex.org/W2103943262","https://openalex.org/W2122111042","https://openalex.org/W2164598857","https://openalex.org/W2167372553","https://openalex.org/W2377299721","https://openalex.org/W2747808630","https://openalex.org/W2748832969","https://openalex.org/W2952223447","https://openalex.org/W7000486146","https://openalex.org/W7028468665"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2055219403","https://openalex.org/W2791313072","https://openalex.org/W3166997759","https://openalex.org/W2794489335","https://openalex.org/W2080437822","https://openalex.org/W2020681746","https://openalex.org/W2153027217","https://openalex.org/W2855870609","https://openalex.org/W1987527207","https://openalex.org/W1999808563"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,60],"recognition":[1,32,41,69,170],"rate":[2,33],"of":[3,16,34,43,66,74,102,110,140,176],"person-independent":[4,35,44,177],"facial":[5,17,36,45,67,75,103,111,155,178],"expression":[6,18,46,68,76,104,112,156,179],"is":[7,121,134],"generally":[8],"not":[9],"high,":[10],"which":[11],"limits":[12],"the":[13,27,30,63,72,79,88,100,108,116,128,138,148,158,166,174],"practical":[14],"application":[15],"recognition.":[19,180],"Aiming":[20],"at":[21],"this":[22,24],"problem,":[23],"paper":[25],"analyzes":[26],"reasons":[28],"for":[29,143,172],"low":[31],"expression,":[37],"and":[38,54,87,114,127,152,161],"proposes":[39],"a":[40],"algorithm":[42,61],"based":[47],"on":[48],"improved":[49],"LBP":[50],"(Local":[51],"Binary":[52,94],"Pattern)":[53,86,95],"HOSVD":[55,133],"(Higher-Order":[56],"Singular":[57],"Value":[58],"Decomposition).":[59],"has":[62,168],"following":[64],"contributions":[65],"framework.":[70],"In":[71],"stage":[73,109],"feature":[77],"extraction,":[78],"transient":[80],"features":[81,90],"extracted":[82,91],"by":[83,92,132],"LDP(Local":[84],"Directional":[85],"persistent":[89],"CBP(Centralized":[93],"are":[96],"integrated":[97],"to":[98,136],"improve":[99],"discrimination":[101],"features.":[105],"Moreover,":[106],"in":[107,147],"classification":[113,120],"recognition,":[115],"traditional":[117],"nearest":[118],"neighbor":[119,125],"changed":[122],"into":[123],"k-nearest":[124],"pre-classification,":[126],"regional":[129],"energy":[130],"calculated":[131],"used":[135],"determine":[137],"similarity":[139],"two":[141],"images":[142],"secondary":[144],"classification.":[145],"Finally,":[146],"extended":[149],"Cohn-Kanade":[150],"dataset":[151],"Oulu-CASIA":[153],"NIR&VIS":[154],"database,":[157],"theoretical":[159],"analysis":[160],"experimental":[162],"results":[163],"show":[164],"that":[165],"method":[167],"better":[169],"effect":[171],"solving":[173],"problem":[175]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-03-18T14:38:29.013473","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}