{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3035142044","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3031959","title":"Intelligent Surfaces for 6G Wireless Networks: A Survey of Optimization and Performance Analysis Techniques","display_name":"Intelligent Surfaces for 6G Wireless Networks: A Survey of Optimization and Performance Analysis Techniques","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3035142044","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3031959","mag":"3035142044"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2020.3031959","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3031959","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8948470/09229054.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref","datacite","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8948470/09229054.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043126410","display_name":"Rawan Alghamdi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3006-5951"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I71920554","display_name":"King Abdullah University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01q3tbs38","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I71920554"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rawan Alghamdi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Computer, Electrical and Mathematical Sciences and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia","[Division of Computer, Electrical, and Mathematical Sciences and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia]"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3006-5951","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Computer, Electrical and Mathematical Sciences and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I71920554"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Division of Computer, Electrical, and Mathematical Sciences and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I71920554"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016056587","display_name":"Reem Alhadrami","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I125656591","display_name":"Effat University","ror":"https://ror.org/02cnwgt19","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I125656591"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Reem Alhadrami","raw_affiliation_strings":["Effat University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia","Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, Effat University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Effat University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125656591"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, Effat University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125656591"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018617228","display_name":"Dalia Alhothali","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I125656591","display_name":"Effat University","ror":"https://ror.org/02cnwgt19","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I125656591"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dalia Alhothali","raw_affiliation_strings":["Effat University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia","Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, Effat University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Effat University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125656591"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, Effat University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125656591"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015105897","display_name":"Heba Almorad","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I125656591","display_name":"Effat University","ror":"https://ror.org/02cnwgt19","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I125656591"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Heba Almorad","raw_affiliation_strings":["Effat University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia","Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, Effat University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Effat University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125656591"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, Effat University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125656591"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014372144","display_name":"Alice Faisal","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8934-4739"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I125656591","display_name":"Effat University","ror":"https://ror.org/02cnwgt19","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I125656591"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alice Faisal","raw_affiliation_strings":["Effat University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia","Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, Effat University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Effat University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125656591"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, Effat University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125656591"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024238273","display_name":"Sara Helal","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8575-8328"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I125656591","display_name":"Effat University","ror":"https://ror.org/02cnwgt19","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I125656591"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sara Helal","raw_affiliation_strings":["Effat University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia","Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, Effat University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Effat University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125656591"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, Effat University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125656591"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009978473","display_name":"Rahaf Shalabi","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I125656591","display_name":"Effat University","ror":"https://ror.org/02cnwgt19","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I125656591"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rahaf Shalabi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Effat University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia","Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, Effat University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Effat University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125656591"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, Effat University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125656591"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017383196","display_name":"Rawan Asfour","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I125656591","display_name":"Effat University","ror":"https://ror.org/02cnwgt19","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I125656591"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rawan Asfour","raw_affiliation_strings":["Effat University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia","Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, Effat University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Effat University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125656591"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, Effat University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125656591"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074325894","display_name":"Noofa Hammad","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3465-7743"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I125656591","display_name":"Effat University","ror":"https://ror.org/02cnwgt19","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I125656591"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Noofa Hammad","raw_affiliation_strings":["Effat University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia","Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, Effat University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Effat University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125656591"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, Effat University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125656591"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113723039","display_name":"Asmaa Shams","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I125656591","display_name":"Effat University","ror":"https://ror.org/02cnwgt19","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I125656591"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Asmaa Shams","raw_affiliation_strings":["Effat University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia","Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, Effat University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Effat University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125656591"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, Effat University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125656591"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042602326","display_name":"Nasir Saeed","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5123-5139"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I71920554","display_name":"King Abdullah University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01q3tbs38","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I71920554"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nasir Saeed","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Computer, Electrical and Mathematical Sciences and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia","[Division of Computer, Electrical, and Mathematical Sciences and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia]"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Computer, Electrical and Mathematical Sciences and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I71920554"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Division of Computer, Electrical, and Mathematical Sciences and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I71920554"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027965204","display_name":"Hayssam Dahrouj","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0737-6372"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I71920554","display_name":"King Abdullah University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01q3tbs38","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I71920554"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hayssam Dahrouj","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Computer, Electrical and Mathematical Sciences and Engineering, Center of Excellence for NEOM Research, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia","[Division of Computer, Electrical and Mathematical Sciences and Engineering, Center of Excellence for NEOM Research, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia]"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0737-6372","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Computer, Electrical and Mathematical Sciences and Engineering, Center of Excellence for NEOM Research, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I71920554"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Division of Computer, Electrical and Mathematical Sciences and Engineering, Center of Excellence for NEOM Research, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I71920554"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066119580","display_name":"Tareq Y. Al-Naffouri","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6955-4720"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I71920554","display_name":"King Abdullah University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01q3tbs38","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I71920554"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tareq Y. Al-Naffouri","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Computer, Electrical and Mathematical Sciences and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia","[Division of Computer, Electrical, and Mathematical Sciences and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia]"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6955-4720","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Computer, Electrical and Mathematical Sciences and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I71920554"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Division of Computer, Electrical, and Mathematical Sciences and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I71920554"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083193286","display_name":"Mohamed\u2010Slim Alouini","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4827-1793"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I71920554","display_name":"King Abdullah University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01q3tbs38","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I71920554"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mohamed-Slim Alouini","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Computer, Electrical and Mathematical Sciences and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia","[Division of Computer, Electrical, and Mathematical Sciences and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia]"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4827-1793","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Computer, Electrical and Mathematical Sciences and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I71920554"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Division of Computer, Electrical, and Mathematical Sciences and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I71920554"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":1.139,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":18,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.7624905,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"8","issue":null,"first_page":"202795","last_page":"202818"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11458","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11458","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10851","display_name":"Optical Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10326","display_name":"Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies","score":0.9884999990463257,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6557148098945618},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.6089810729026794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless-network","display_name":"Wireless network","score":0.5333523750305176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","score":0.5083803534507751},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications-link","display_name":"Telecommunications link","score":0.47791820764541626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/resource-allocation","display_name":"Resource allocation","score":0.4154631495475769},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.3402850031852722},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.27730804681777954}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6557148098945618},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.6089810729026794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108037233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11375","display_name":"Wireless network","level":3,"score":0.5333523750305176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.5083803534507751},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138660444","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5607897","display_name":"Telecommunications link","level":2,"score":0.47791820764541626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29202148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q287260","display_name":"Resource allocation","level":2,"score":0.4154631495475769},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.3402850031852722},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.27730804681777954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":7,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2020.3031959","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3031959","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8948470/09229054.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2006.06541","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2006.06541","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2006.06541","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},{"id":"mag:3035142044","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2006.06541.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:c0bbe3f2d7ee437c999adcd98a3298fc","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/c0bbe3f2d7ee437c999adcd98a3298fc","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 8, Pp 202795-202818 (2020)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:repository.kaust.edu.sa:10754/666091","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10754/666091","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401596","display_name":"King Abdullah University of Science and Technology Repository (King Abdullah University of Science and Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I71920554","host_organization_name":"King Abdullah University of Science and Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I71920554"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:repository.kaust.edu.sa:10754/666092","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10754/666092","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401596","display_name":"King Abdullah University of Science and Technology Repository (King Abdullah University of Science and Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I71920554","host_organization_name":"King Abdullah University of Science and Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I71920554"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Article"},{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2006.06541","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2006.06541","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2020.3031959","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3031959","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8948470/09229054.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322320","display_name":"King Abdullah University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01q3tbs38"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3035142044.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3035142044.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":105,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1994232933","https://openalex.org/W2020294073","https://openalex.org/W2037866776","https://openalex.org/W2060807102","https://openalex.org/W2065105631","https://openalex.org/W2124164696","https://openalex.org/W2149164057","https://openalex.org/W2156626165","https://openalex.org/W2296319761","https://openalex.org/W2592240905","https://openalex.org/W2617211273","https://openalex.org/W2735938380","https://openalex.org/W2755454789","https://openalex.org/W2765606903","https://openalex.org/W2794344156","https://openalex.org/W2795167939","https://openalex.org/W2805166665","https://openalex.org/W2891191577","https://openalex.org/W2895870931","https://openalex.org/W2896507689","https://openalex.org/W2920484357","https://openalex.org/W2928750925","https://openalex.org/W2937693915","https://openalex.org/W2941598852","https://openalex.org/W2944629172","https://openalex.org/W2945593340","https://openalex.org/W2950077417","https://openalex.org/W2950680381","https://openalex.org/W2963121727","https://openalex.org/W2963238659","https://openalex.org/W2963281988","https://openalex.org/W2963460596","https://openalex.org/W2964066573","https://openalex.org/W2964076076","https://openalex.org/W2965950858","https://openalex.org/W2968810373","https://openalex.org/W2969001189","https://openalex.org/W2969072158","https://openalex.org/W2969424089","https://openalex.org/W2977255846","https://openalex.org/W2981174761","https://openalex.org/W2981792785","https://openalex.org/W2988451509","https://openalex.org/W2990747873","https://openalex.org/W2995836572","https://openalex.org/W2996961035","https://openalex.org/W2997056960","https://openalex.org/W3002384078","https://openalex.org/W3003553362","https://openalex.org/W3003735189","https://openalex.org/W3004201425","https://openalex.org/W3004982808","https://openalex.org/W3005112765","https://openalex.org/W3005347223","https://openalex.org/W3006557588","https://openalex.org/W3006962285","https://openalex.org/W3007782915","https://openalex.org/W3010384738","https://openalex.org/W3010695123","https://openalex.org/W3011454518","https://openalex.org/W3015518827","https://openalex.org/W3015956975","https://openalex.org/W3016217114","https://openalex.org/W3017311957","https://openalex.org/W3019497660","https://openalex.org/W3021564798","https://openalex.org/W3022427039","https://openalex.org/W3022663626","https://openalex.org/W3027118737","https://openalex.org/W3029738894","https://openalex.org/W3032443072","https://openalex.org/W3034968889","https://openalex.org/W3035049807","https://openalex.org/W3036432223","https://openalex.org/W3036886449","https://openalex.org/W3036973706","https://openalex.org/W3039576648","https://openalex.org/W3040349383","https://openalex.org/W3040657781","https://openalex.org/W3046938740","https://openalex.org/W3049287381","https://openalex.org/W3080469715","https://openalex.org/W3081462673","https://openalex.org/W3082159919","https://openalex.org/W3099136274","https://openalex.org/W3111243561","https://openalex.org/W3126789634","https://openalex.org/W3134059753","https://openalex.org/W4250589301","https://openalex.org/W6761393245","https://openalex.org/W6762113363","https://openalex.org/W6762521645","https://openalex.org/W6763074226","https://openalex.org/W6768862843","https://openalex.org/W6769994900","https://openalex.org/W6770412359","https://openalex.org/W6772546502","https://openalex.org/W6774034255","https://openalex.org/W6774251078","https://openalex.org/W6774551481","https://openalex.org/W6776226871","https://openalex.org/W6778560643","https://openalex.org/W6779108959","https://openalex.org/W6780392931","https://openalex.org/W6789825069"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3094186382","https://openalex.org/W3169652185","https://openalex.org/W3175010020","https://openalex.org/W2969878898","https://openalex.org/W3212899630","https://openalex.org/W2170709281","https://openalex.org/W3011157014","https://openalex.org/W1472267176","https://openalex.org/W2294031461","https://openalex.org/W3207172979","https://openalex.org/W3119982621","https://openalex.org/W3132288819","https://openalex.org/W2915041607","https://openalex.org/W3082594351","https://openalex.org/W628038458","https://openalex.org/W2547896070","https://openalex.org/W3204407520","https://openalex.org/W3180467685","https://openalex.org/W2486217635","https://openalex.org/W3082015744"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0,110],"paper":[1,111,133,165,191],"surveys":[2,117],"the":[3,24,36,47,58,118,136,176,194,198],"optimization":[4,127,148],"frameworks":[5,149],"and":[6,83,104,128,139,162,187,229],"performance":[7,129,170],"analysis":[8,130,171],"methods":[9],"for":[10,107,201,211],"large":[11],"intelligent":[12,44],"surfaces":[13],"(LIS),":[14],"which":[15],"have":[16,52,68,94],"been":[17,69,96],"emerging":[18],"as":[19,76],"strong":[20],"candidates":[21],"to":[22,31,34,79,98,152],"support":[23],"sixth-generation":[25],"wireless":[26,62,85,214],"physical":[27,141],"platforms":[28],"(6G).":[29],"Due":[30],"their":[32,126],"ability":[33],"adjust":[35],"behavior":[37],"of":[38,46,61,120,122,178,196],"interacting":[39],"electromagnetic":[40],"(EM)":[41],"waves":[42],"through":[43],"manipulations":[45],"reflections":[48],"phase":[49],"shifts,":[50],"LIS":[51,72,93,137,199],"shown":[53],"promising":[54],"merits":[55],"at":[56],"improving":[57],"spectral":[59],"efficiency":[60],"networks.":[63],"In":[64],"this":[65],"context,":[66],"researchers":[67],"recently":[70],"exploring":[71],"technology":[73,138,200],"in":[74],"depth":[75],"a":[77,89,100,113],"means":[78],"achieve":[80],"programmable,":[81],"virtualized,":[82],"distributed":[84],"network":[86],"infrastructures.":[87],"From":[88],"system":[90],"level":[91],"perspective,":[92],"also":[95],"proven":[97],"be":[99],"low-cost,":[101],"green,":[102],"sustainable,":[103],"energy-efficient":[105],"solution":[106],"6G":[108,213],"systems.":[109],"provides":[112],"unique":[114],"blend":[115],"that":[116,150],"principles":[119],"operation":[121],"LIS,":[123],"together":[124],"with":[125],"frameworks.":[131],"The":[132,164,190],"first":[134],"introduces":[135],"its":[140],"working":[142],"principle.":[143],"Then,":[144],"it":[145],"presents":[146,193],"various":[147,168],"aim":[151],"optimize":[153],"specific":[154],"objectives,":[155],"namely,":[156],"maximizing":[157],"energy":[158],"efficiency,":[159],"sum-rate,":[160],"secrecy-rate,":[161],"coverage.":[163],"afterwards":[166],"discusses":[167],"relevant":[169],"works":[172],"including":[173,216],"capacity":[174],"analysis,":[175,186],"impact":[177,195],"hardware":[179],"impairments":[180],"on":[181],"capacity,":[182],"uplink/downlink":[183],"data":[184],"rate":[185],"outage":[188],"probability.":[189],"further":[192],"adopting":[197],"positioning":[202],"applications.":[203],"Finally,":[204],"we":[205],"identify":[206],"numerous":[207],"exciting":[208],"open":[209],"challenges":[210],"LIS-aided":[212],"networks,":[215],"resource":[217],"allocation":[218],"problems,":[219],"hybrid":[220],"radio":[221],"frequency/visible":[222],"light":[223],"communication":[224],"(RF-VLC)":[225],"systems,":[226],"health":[227],"considerations,":[228],"localization.":[230]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-07-15T18:14:33.161393","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
