{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3093991637","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3031914","title":"Early Disease Classification of Mango Leaves Using Feed-Forward Neural Network and Hybrid Metaheuristic Feature Selection","display_name":"Early Disease Classification of Mango Leaves Using Feed-Forward Neural Network and Hybrid Metaheuristic Feature Selection","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3093991637","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3031914","mag":"3093991637"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2020.3031914","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3031914","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8948470/09229136.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8948470/09229136.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072847289","display_name":"Tan Nhat Pham","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0445-745X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I123565023","display_name":"Vietnam National University Ho Chi Minh City","ror":"https://ror.org/00waaqh38","country_code":"VN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I123565023"]}],"countries":["VN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Tan Nhat Pham","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Industrial Engineering and Management, International University, Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0445-745X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Industrial Engineering and Management, International University, Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I123565023"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015589169","display_name":"Ly Van Tran","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7621-7511"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I123565023","display_name":"Vietnam National University Ho Chi Minh City","ror":"https://ror.org/00waaqh38","country_code":"VN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I123565023"]}],"countries":["VN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ly Van Tran","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Industrial Engineering and Management, International University, Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7621-7511","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Industrial Engineering and Management, International University, Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I123565023"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087520757","display_name":"Son Vu Truong Dao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9281-4869"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I123565023","display_name":"Vietnam National University Ho Chi Minh City","ror":"https://ror.org/00waaqh38","country_code":"VN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I123565023"]}],"countries":["VN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Son Vu Truong Dao","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Industrial Engineering and Management, International University, Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9281-4869","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Industrial Engineering and Management, International University, Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I123565023"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5072847289"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I123565023"],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":25.9014,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":247,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.997036,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"8","issue":null,"first_page":"189960","last_page":"189973"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10616","display_name":"Smart Agriculture and AI","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10616","display_name":"Smart Agriculture and AI","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14365","display_name":"Leaf Properties and Growth Measurement","score":0.9858999848365784,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10640","display_name":"Spectroscopy and Chemometric Analyses","score":0.9836000204086304,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1602","display_name":"Analytical Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/16","display_name":"Chemistry"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convolutional-neural-network","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","score":0.807914674282074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7870335578918457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.718975841999054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-selection","display_name":"Feature selection","score":0.6433354020118713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.6088739037513733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.5785279273986816},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transfer-of-learning","display_name":"Transfer of learning","score":0.5054225921630859},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","score":0.5020544528961182},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/plant-disease","display_name":"Plant disease","score":0.44615158438682556},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.4445442855358124},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/selection","display_name":"Selection (genetic algorithm)","score":0.41447848081588745},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biotechnology","display_name":"Biotechnology","score":0.10544165968894958}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81363708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17084460","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","level":2,"score":0.807914674282074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7870335578918457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.718975841999054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148483581","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q446488","display_name":"Feature selection","level":2,"score":0.6433354020118713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.6088739037513733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.5785279273986816},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150899416","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1820378","display_name":"Transfer of learning","level":2,"score":0.5054225921630859},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.5020544528961182},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3019235130","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188956","display_name":"Plant disease","level":2,"score":0.44615158438682556},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.4445442855358124},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81917197","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q628760","display_name":"Selection (genetic algorithm)","level":2,"score":0.41447848081588745},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150903083","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7108","display_name":"Biotechnology","level":1,"score":0.10544165968894958},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2020.3031914","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3031914","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8948470/09229136.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:b2939e0eb1694ffb923cd5ab7fe28c69","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/b2939e0eb1694ffb923cd5ab7fe28c69","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 8, Pp 189960-189973 (2020)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2020.3031914","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3031914","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8948470/09229136.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Zero hunger","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/2","score":0.6899999976158142}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3093991637.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3093991637.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":45,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1444952417","https://openalex.org/W1522301498","https://openalex.org/W1597793043","https://openalex.org/W1686810756","https://openalex.org/W1997600725","https://openalex.org/W2001412060","https://openalex.org/W2020089616","https://openalex.org/W2030363461","https://openalex.org/W2061438946","https://openalex.org/W2068431618","https://openalex.org/W2132795055","https://openalex.org/W2148633389","https://openalex.org/W2152195021","https://openalex.org/W2154086653","https://openalex.org/W2156571267","https://openalex.org/W2163605009","https://openalex.org/W2181834441","https://openalex.org/W2194775991","https://openalex.org/W2339460098","https://openalex.org/W2411885377","https://openalex.org/W2435251607","https://openalex.org/W2473156356","https://openalex.org/W2543580944","https://openalex.org/W2548258044","https://openalex.org/W2782434976","https://openalex.org/W2789255992","https://openalex.org/W2795016359","https://openalex.org/W2808709127","https://openalex.org/W2809254203","https://openalex.org/W2884416373","https://openalex.org/W2899564976","https://openalex.org/W2927613875","https://openalex.org/W2962835968","https://openalex.org/W2964121744","https://openalex.org/W2982381523","https://openalex.org/W2990440987","https://openalex.org/W3009210879","https://openalex.org/W3010540599","https://openalex.org/W3038835370","https://openalex.org/W3131004404","https://openalex.org/W6631190155","https://openalex.org/W6637373629","https://openalex.org/W6682904970","https://openalex.org/W6684191040","https://openalex.org/W6703892329"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3183901164","https://openalex.org/W2951211570","https://openalex.org/W3176438653","https://openalex.org/W3135818718","https://openalex.org/W4290188444","https://openalex.org/W3167935049","https://openalex.org/W3003905048","https://openalex.org/W2253429366","https://openalex.org/W3127975138","https://openalex.org/W4386564352"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Plant":[0],"disease,":[1],"especially":[2],"crop":[3],"plants,":[4],"is":[5,50,166],"a":[6,29,41,118,122,160,170,215],"major":[7],"threat":[8],"to":[9,28,36,246],"global":[10],"food":[11],"security":[12],"since":[13],"many":[14],"diseases":[15,65],"directly":[16],"affect":[17],"the":[18,21,127,133,144,156,185,249],"quality":[19],"of":[20,70,138,212,243],"fruits,":[22],"grains,":[23],"and":[24,38,53,148,223],"so":[25],"on,":[26],"leading":[27],"decrease":[30],"in":[31],"agricultural":[32],"productivity.":[33],"Farmers":[34],"have":[35],"observe":[37],"determine":[39],"whether":[40],"leaf":[42,64],"was":[43],"infected":[44],"by":[45,110],"naked":[46],"eyes.":[47],"This":[48,226],"process":[49],"unreliable,":[51],"inconsistent,":[52],"error":[54],"prone.":[55],"Several":[56],"works":[57],"on":[58,76,94,152,155,169,234,248],"deep":[59],"learning":[60],"techniques":[61],"for":[62,132,180],"detecting":[63,91],"had":[66],"been":[67],"proposed.":[68],"Most":[69],"them":[71],"built":[72,167],"their":[73,153],"models":[74,197],"based":[75,151,168],"limited":[77],"resolution":[78,108],"images":[79],"using":[80,121,159,188,194,214],"convolutional":[81],"neural":[82,113],"networks":[83],"(CNNs).":[84],"In":[85],"this":[86],"research,":[87],"we":[88],"aim":[89],"at":[90],"early":[92],"disease":[93,99],"plant":[95],"leaves":[96],"with":[97,106,191,202],"small":[98],"blobs,":[100],"which":[101,165,240],"can":[102,231],"only":[103],"be":[104,232,242],"detected":[105],"higher":[107],"images,":[109],"an":[111,181],"artificial":[112],"network":[114,217],"(ANN)":[115],"approach.":[116],"After":[117],"pre-processing":[119],"step":[120],"contrast":[123],"enhancement":[124],"method,":[125],"all":[126],"infested":[128],"blobs":[129,145],"are":[130,146,176,208],"segmented":[131],"whole":[134],"dataset.":[135],"A":[136],"list":[137],"several":[139],"measurement-based":[140],"features":[141,175],"that":[142,228],"represents":[143],"chosen":[147,174],"then":[149],"selected":[150],"influences":[154],"model's":[157],"performance":[158],"wrapper-based":[161],"feature":[162],"selection":[163],"algorithm,":[164],"hybrid":[171],"metaheuristic.":[172],"The":[173,205],"used":[177],"as":[178,238],"inputs":[179],"ANN.":[182],"We":[183],"compare":[184],"results":[186,207],"obtained":[187],"our":[189,229],"methods":[190],"another":[192],"approach":[193,230],"popular":[195],"CNN":[196],"(AlexNet,":[198],"VGG16,":[199],"ResNet-50)":[200],"enhanced":[201],"transfer":[203],"learning.":[204],"ANN's":[206],"better":[209],"than":[210],"those":[211],"CNNs":[213],"simpler":[216],"structure":[218],"(89.41%":[219],"vs":[220],"78.64%,":[221],"79.92%,":[222],"84.88%,":[224],"respectively).":[225],"shows":[227],"implemented":[233],"low-end":[235],"devices":[236],"such":[237],"smartphones,":[239],"will":[241],"great":[244],"assistance":[245],"farmers":[247],"field.":[250]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":43},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":79},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":61},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":37},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-05-08T15:41:06.802602","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}