{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3093765017","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3031640","title":"A Novel Nature Inspired Meta-Heuristic Optimization Approach of GWO Optimizer for Optimal Reactive Power Dispatch Problems","display_name":"A Novel Nature Inspired Meta-Heuristic Optimization Approach of GWO Optimizer for Optimal Reactive Power Dispatch Problems","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3093765017","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3031640","mag":"3093765017"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2020.3031640","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3031640","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8948470/09229094.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8948470/09229094.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007784029","display_name":"Raheela Jamal","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4624-4487"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I153473198","display_name":"North China Electric Power University","ror":"https://ror.org/04qr5t414","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I153473198"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Raheela Jamal","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I153473198"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073554511","display_name":"Baohui Men","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2481-2313"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I153473198","display_name":"North China Electric Power University","ror":"https://ror.org/04qr5t414","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I153473198"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Baohui Men","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I153473198"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019961304","display_name":"Noor Habib Khan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1007-9774"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I153473198","display_name":"North China Electric Power University","ror":"https://ror.org/04qr5t414","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I153473198"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Noor Habib Khan","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Renewable Energy, Wind Power, North China Electric Power University, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Renewable Energy, Wind Power, North China Electric Power University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I153473198"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5007784029"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I153473198"],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":4.3558,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":75,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95185632,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"8","issue":null,"first_page":"202596","last_page":"202610"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10454","display_name":"Optimal Power Flow Distribution","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10454","display_name":"Optimal Power Flow Distribution","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10424","display_name":"Electric Power System Optimization","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10223","display_name":"Microgrid Control and Optimization","score":0.9983999729156494,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/meta-heuristic","display_name":"Meta heuristic","score":0.7709015011787415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6742610335350037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.6584622859954834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/heuristic","display_name":"Heuristic","score":0.5351190567016602},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ac-power","display_name":"AC power","score":0.5063749551773071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power","display_name":"Power (physics)","score":0.42049896717071533},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.15584251284599304}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2988037039","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1385229","display_name":"Meta heuristic","level":2,"score":0.7709015011787415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6742610335350037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.6584622859954834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173801870","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q201413","display_name":"Heuristic","level":2,"score":0.5351190567016602},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108755667","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1930258","display_name":"AC power","level":3,"score":0.5063749551773071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.42049896717071533},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.15584251284599304},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2020.3031640","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3031640","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8948470/09229094.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:f5704f30974a46198b1fcd809e16bb6c","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/f5704f30974a46198b1fcd809e16bb6c","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 8, Pp 202596-202610 (2020)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2020.3031640","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3031640","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8948470/09229094.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.7900000214576721,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G391186438","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2016YFC0401406","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","funder_display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8114646031","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2016Y","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","funder_display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G850960841","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2016YFC","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","funder_display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324733","display_name":"North China Electrical Power University","ror":"https://ror.org/04qr5t414"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3093765017.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3093765017.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":49,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1501081663","https://openalex.org/W1762308361","https://openalex.org/W1965509194","https://openalex.org/W1983353952","https://openalex.org/W1996038831","https://openalex.org/W2000941293","https://openalex.org/W2019645756","https://openalex.org/W2022194108","https://openalex.org/W2047082231","https://openalex.org/W2047972856","https://openalex.org/W2053401848","https://openalex.org/W2060289797","https://openalex.org/W2061438946","https://openalex.org/W2068751874","https://openalex.org/W2078506433","https://openalex.org/W2078669430","https://openalex.org/W2081489435","https://openalex.org/W2090916622","https://openalex.org/W2092641469","https://openalex.org/W2099548786","https://openalex.org/W2111805884","https://openalex.org/W2164807043","https://openalex.org/W2226063450","https://openalex.org/W2323678723","https://openalex.org/W2328814317","https://openalex.org/W2462156655","https://openalex.org/W2542366188","https://openalex.org/W2606926586","https://openalex.org/W2613259488","https://openalex.org/W2729840144","https://openalex.org/W2737965601","https://openalex.org/W2753434909","https://openalex.org/W2764069607","https://openalex.org/W2778553794","https://openalex.org/W2788844478","https://openalex.org/W2800112254","https://openalex.org/W2803263920","https://openalex.org/W2804318406","https://openalex.org/W2807679073","https://openalex.org/W2883145890","https://openalex.org/W2889714541","https://openalex.org/W2903590249","https://openalex.org/W2953623652","https://openalex.org/W2985480613","https://openalex.org/W3035232728","https://openalex.org/W3047100770","https://openalex.org/W3122254391","https://openalex.org/W6701085617","https://openalex.org/W6748511759"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4312311708","https://openalex.org/W2157275880","https://openalex.org/W2888061001","https://openalex.org/W2006004274","https://openalex.org/W2372464858","https://openalex.org/W2900490168","https://openalex.org/W2080413611","https://openalex.org/W2390226318","https://openalex.org/W2347502754","https://openalex.org/W4310120240"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"this":[1],"paper,":[2],"a":[3],"novel":[4],"nature":[5],"inspired":[6,60],"meta":[7],"heuristic":[8],"optimization":[9,35],"approach":[10],"of":[11,37,47,83,119,139,160,168,189],"Grey":[12,54],"Wolf":[13],"Optimization":[14],"(GWO)":[15,57],"algorithm":[16],"is":[17,30,59,77],"employed":[18],"to":[19,68,94,155],"solved":[20],"the":[21,31,44,48,70,75,128,136,157,161],"optimal":[22,38],"reactive":[23],"power":[24,39,49],"dispatch":[25],"(ORPD)":[26],"problems.":[27,72],"Essentially,":[28],"it":[29],"sub":[32],"and":[33,65,89,117,187],"non-linear":[34],"problem":[36],"flow":[40],"(OPF)":[41],"in":[42,92,121,152],"which":[43,58],"control":[45,140],"parameters":[46],"networks":[50],"are":[51,132,145],"optimized.":[52],"The":[53,142,166],"wolf":[55],"optimizer":[56,76],"from":[61],"grey":[62],"wolves'":[63],"leadership":[64],"hunting":[66],"behaviors":[67],"solve":[69],"ORPD":[71,164],"For":[73],"which,":[74],"tested":[78],"on":[79],"two":[80],"test":[81],"cases":[82],"IEEE30":[84],"standards":[85],"specially,":[86],"for":[87,99,163],"13":[88],"19":[90],"variables":[91],"order":[93],"get":[95],"three":[96],"fitness":[97,126,130,191],"objectives":[98],"instance;":[100],"transmission":[101],"line":[102],"losses":[103],"(P":[104],"<sub":[105],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[106],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">losses</sub>":[107],",":[108],"MW),":[109],"voltage":[110,113],"deviation":[111],"(VD),":[112],"stability":[114],"index":[115],"(VSI)":[116],"cost":[118],"energy":[120],"($).":[122],"During":[123],"computing":[124],"all":[125],"objectives,":[127],"minimum":[129,190],"values":[131],"possibly":[133],"achieved":[134],"by":[135],"finest":[137],"settings":[138],"variables.":[141],"simulation":[143],"results":[144],"compared":[146],"with":[147],"other":[148],"artificial":[149],"intelligence":[150],"methods":[151],"previous":[153],"literature":[154],"ensure":[156],"superior":[158],"performance":[159],"GWO":[162,169],"problem.":[165],"consistency":[167],"will":[170],"further":[171],"be":[172],"validated":[173],"through":[174],"detailed":[175],"statistical":[176],"analysis":[177],"including":[178],"histogram":[179],"illustrations,":[180],"boxplots,":[181],"empirical":[182],"CDF":[183],"plot,":[184],"probability":[185],"plot":[186,188],"during":[192],"each":[193],"independent":[194],"trial.":[195]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-03-24T08:02:53.985720","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}