{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3087842236","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3026371","title":"Measured User Correlation in Outdoor-to-Indoor Massive MIMO Scenarios","display_name":"Measured User Correlation in Outdoor-to-Indoor Massive MIMO Scenarios","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3087842236","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3026371","mag":"3087842236"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2020.3026371","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3026371","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8948470/09205212.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8948470/09205212.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083417991","display_name":"Stefan Pratschner","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2169-6628"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I129774422","display_name":"University of Vienna","ror":"https://ror.org/03prydq77","country_code":"AT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I129774422"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145847075","display_name":"TU Wien","ror":"https://ror.org/04d836q62","country_code":"AT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145847075"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210105054","display_name":"Christian Doppler Laboratory for Thermoelectricity","ror":"https://ror.org/01cbw5x35","country_code":"AT","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I129774422","https://openalex.org/I145847075","https://openalex.org/I4210105054"]}],"countries":["AT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Stefan Pratschner","raw_affiliation_strings":["Christian Doppler Laboratory for Dependable Wireless Connectivity for the Society in Motion, Vienna, Austria","Institute of Telecommunications, Technical University of Vienna (TU Wien), Vienna, Austria"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2169-6628","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Christian Doppler Laboratory for Dependable Wireless Connectivity for the Society in Motion, Vienna, Austria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210105054"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Telecommunications, Technical University of Vienna (TU Wien), Vienna, Austria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I129774422","https://openalex.org/I145847075"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041918435","display_name":"Thomas Blazek","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6544-8955"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210123126","display_name":"Silicon Austria Labs (Austria)","ror":"https://ror.org/03b1qgn79","country_code":"AT","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210123126"]}],"countries":["AT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Thomas Blazek","raw_affiliation_strings":["Silicon Austria Labs, Linz, Austria"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Silicon Austria Labs, Linz, Austria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210123126"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043485012","display_name":"Herbert Groll","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3724-2911"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I129774422","display_name":"University of Vienna","ror":"https://ror.org/03prydq77","country_code":"AT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I129774422"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145847075","display_name":"TU Wien","ror":"https://ror.org/04d836q62","country_code":"AT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145847075"]}],"countries":["AT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Herbert Groll","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Telecommunications, Technical University of Vienna (TU Wien), Vienna, Austria"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3724-2911","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Telecommunications, Technical University of Vienna (TU Wien), Vienna, Austria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I129774422","https://openalex.org/I145847075"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034059392","display_name":"Sebastian Caban","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7880-1575"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I129774422","display_name":"University of Vienna","ror":"https://ror.org/03prydq77","country_code":"AT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I129774422"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145847075","display_name":"TU Wien","ror":"https://ror.org/04d836q62","country_code":"AT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145847075"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210105054","display_name":"Christian Doppler Laboratory for Thermoelectricity","ror":"https://ror.org/01cbw5x35","country_code":"AT","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I129774422","https://openalex.org/I145847075","https://openalex.org/I4210105054"]}],"countries":["AT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sebastian Caban","raw_affiliation_strings":["Christian Doppler Laboratory for Dependable Wireless Connectivity for the Society in Motion, Vienna, Austria","Institute of Telecommunications, Technical University of Vienna (TU Wien), Vienna, Austria"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7880-1575","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Christian Doppler Laboratory for Dependable Wireless Connectivity for the Society in Motion, Vienna, Austria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210105054"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Telecommunications, Technical University of Vienna (TU Wien), Vienna, Austria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I129774422","https://openalex.org/I145847075"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072684321","display_name":"\u0160tefan Schwarz","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I129774422","display_name":"University of Vienna","ror":"https://ror.org/03prydq77","country_code":"AT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I129774422"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145847075","display_name":"TU Wien","ror":"https://ror.org/04d836q62","country_code":"AT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145847075"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210105054","display_name":"Christian Doppler Laboratory for Thermoelectricity","ror":"https://ror.org/01cbw5x35","country_code":"AT","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I129774422","https://openalex.org/I145847075","https://openalex.org/I4210105054"]}],"countries":["AT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Stefan Schwarz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Christian Doppler Laboratory for Dependable Wireless Connectivity for the Society in Motion, Vienna, Austria","Institute of Telecommunications, Technical University of Vienna (TU Wien), Vienna, Austria"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4065-2906","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Christian Doppler Laboratory for Dependable Wireless Connectivity for the Society in Motion, Vienna, Austria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210105054"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Telecommunications, Technical University of Vienna (TU Wien), Vienna, Austria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I129774422","https://openalex.org/I145847075"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009083554","display_name":"Markus Rupp","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9003-7779"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I129774422","display_name":"University of Vienna","ror":"https://ror.org/03prydq77","country_code":"AT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I129774422"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145847075","display_name":"TU Wien","ror":"https://ror.org/04d836q62","country_code":"AT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145847075"]}],"countries":["AT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Markus Rupp","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Telecommunications, Technical University of Vienna (TU Wien), Vienna, Austria"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9003-7779","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Telecommunications, Technical University of Vienna (TU Wien), Vienna, Austria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I129774422","https://openalex.org/I145847075"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1698,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":1831},"fwci":0.6507,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":9,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.65786856,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"8","issue":null,"first_page":"178269","last_page":"178282"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10148","display_name":"Advanced MIMO Systems Optimization","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10148","display_name":"Advanced MIMO Systems Optimization","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10936","display_name":"Millimeter-Wave Propagation and Modeling","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10125","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Techniques","score":0.9973999857902527,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rician-fading","display_name":"Rician fading","score":0.9417639970779419},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spatial-correlation","display_name":"Spatial correlation","score":0.8008023500442505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mimo","display_name":"MIMO","score":0.7477120161056519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/precoding","display_name":"Precoding","score":0.7265156507492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6270930171012878},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.5865001678466797},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fading","display_name":"Fading","score":0.5335759520530701},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rayleigh-fading","display_name":"Rayleigh fading","score":0.47954365611076355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.4657263159751892},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel-state-information","display_name":"Channel state information","score":0.42090314626693726},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.26763245463371277}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60472773","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7331156","display_name":"Rician fading","level":4,"score":0.9417639970779419},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150060386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7574054","display_name":"Spatial correlation","level":2,"score":0.8008023500442505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207987634","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176862","display_name":"MIMO","level":3,"score":0.7477120161056519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160562895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7239557","display_name":"Precoding","level":4,"score":0.7265156507492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6270930171012878},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.5865001678466797},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81978471","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1196572","display_name":"Fading","level":3,"score":0.5335759520530701},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56985126","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q854039","display_name":"Rayleigh fading","level":4,"score":0.47954365611076355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.4657263159751892},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148063708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5072511","display_name":"Channel state information","level":3,"score":0.42090314626693726},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.26763245463371277}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2020.3026371","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3026371","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8948470/09205212.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:6450a2ec19b54933ae1f855346f9094d","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/6450a2ec19b54933ae1f855346f9094d","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 8, Pp 178269-178282 (2020)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2020.3026371","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3026371","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8948470/09205212.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320311813","display_name":"\u00d6sterreichische Nationalstiftung f\u00fcr Forschung, Technologie und Entwicklung","ror":"https://ror.org/04hb33h70"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322839","display_name":"Technische Universit\u00e4t Wien","ror":"https://ror.org/04d836q62"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323591","display_name":"Christian Doppler Forschungsgesellschaft","ror":"https://ror.org/00mv8h305"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320327593","display_name":"Bundesministerium f\u00fcr Digitalisierung und Wirtschaftsstandort","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335937","display_name":"Technische Universit\u00e4t Wien Bibliothek","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3087842236.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3087842236.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":51,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W595252221","https://openalex.org/W1518945650","https://openalex.org/W1683036431","https://openalex.org/W1694183347","https://openalex.org/W1900106408","https://openalex.org/W1971443733","https://openalex.org/W1972176711","https://openalex.org/W2023535408","https://openalex.org/W2037056881","https://openalex.org/W2037785632","https://openalex.org/W2038227506","https://openalex.org/W2048637980","https://openalex.org/W2072079297","https://openalex.org/W2073698175","https://openalex.org/W2090195299","https://openalex.org/W2093285662","https://openalex.org/W2094655360","https://openalex.org/W2108381632","https://openalex.org/W2115431050","https://openalex.org/W2123271629","https://openalex.org/W2124175354","https://openalex.org/W2139748899","https://openalex.org/W2148992129","https://openalex.org/W2163001348","https://openalex.org/W2170738062","https://openalex.org/W2238937638","https://openalex.org/W2262803801","https://openalex.org/W2519637827","https://openalex.org/W2540018060","https://openalex.org/W2555599785","https://openalex.org/W2608083159","https://openalex.org/W2610335499","https://openalex.org/W2626040818","https://openalex.org/W2743979523","https://openalex.org/W2767080520","https://openalex.org/W2770606349","https://openalex.org/W2798909945","https://openalex.org/W2808722964","https://openalex.org/W2828634095","https://openalex.org/W2892603381","https://openalex.org/W2900907022","https://openalex.org/W2907298364","https://openalex.org/W2938788752","https://openalex.org/W2968841798","https://openalex.org/W2970181808","https://openalex.org/W2973380603","https://openalex.org/W2980415509","https://openalex.org/W2997388317","https://openalex.org/W3072069827","https://openalex.org/W3098980465","https://openalex.org/W6754910609"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1976249538","https://openalex.org/W2116541631","https://openalex.org/W2130460934","https://openalex.org/W2167568384","https://openalex.org/W1607978590","https://openalex.org/W2514205366","https://openalex.org/W3173074004","https://openalex.org/W2980109842","https://openalex.org/W1976511355","https://openalex.org/W2172055400"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,219],"performance":[1,30],"of":[2,15,36,103,125,131,141,177,240],"a":[3,63,101,117,122,149,161,178,183],"multi-user":[4],"multiple-input":[5],"multiple-output":[6],"(MIMO)":[7],"system":[8,44],"is":[9,47,54,156,189,210,226],"mainly":[10],"determined":[11],"by":[12,175],"the":[13,51,74,107,126,139,153,166,172,192,200,207,231],"correlation":[14,23,38,77,137,155,209],"user":[16,151,208],"channels.":[17],"Applying":[18],"channel":[19,27,53,76,85,109,128,163,174,180,186,233],"models":[20,28],"without":[21],"spatial":[22,37,75,136,154],"or":[24],"spatially":[25,184],"inconsistent":[26],"for":[29,60,67,69,148,199,213,236],"analysis":[31,124,144],"leads":[32],"to":[33,41,160,195,230],"an":[34,197],"under-estimation":[35],"and":[39,134,182],"therefore":[40],"overly":[42],"optimistic":[43],"performance.":[45],"This":[46,143],"especially":[48],"pronounced":[49],"when":[50],"wireless":[52,84,108],"modeled":[55],"as":[56],"i.i.d.":[57],"Rayleigh":[58],"fading":[59],"users":[61],"in":[62,78,87,129,216],"rich":[64],"scattering":[65],"environment,":[66],"example,":[68],"indoor":[70],"users.":[71],"To":[72],"analyze":[73],"massive":[79,214],"MIMO":[80,215],"systems,":[81],"we":[82,94,115],"performed":[83],"measurements":[86],"three":[88],"different":[89],"scenarios.":[90,218],"In":[91],"each":[92],"scenario,":[93],"measure":[95],"148":[96],"receiver":[97,113],"positions,":[98],"spread":[99],"over":[100],"length":[102],"almost":[104],"9m.":[105],"Since":[106],"statistics":[110],"change":[111],"with":[112,165,223],"position,":[114],"perform":[116],"stationarity":[118],"analysis.":[119],"We":[120,170],"provide":[121,196],"statistical":[123],"measured":[127,173],"terms":[130],"amplitude":[132],"distribution":[133],"user-side":[135],"within":[138],"region":[140],"stationarity.":[142],"shows":[145],"that,":[146],"even":[147,235],"deep-indoor":[150],"location,":[152],"significantly":[157],"higher":[158],"compared":[159,229],"Rician":[162,179,232],"model":[164,171,181],"same":[167],"K":[168],"factor.":[169],"means":[176],"consistent":[185],"model,":[187,234],"which":[188],"based":[190],"on":[191],"scenario":[193],"geometry,":[194],"insight":[198],"observed":[201],"propagation":[202],"phenomena.":[203],"Results":[204],"show":[205],"that":[206],"not":[211],"negligible":[212],"outdoor-to-indoor":[217],"achievable":[220],"spectral":[221],"efficiency":[222],"linear":[224],"precoding":[225],"20%":[227],"lower":[228],"large":[237],"inter-user":[238],"distances":[239],"6m.":[241]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-07-22T07:51:19.307946","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
