{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3083105166","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3021666","title":"New Equivalent Model of a Quantizer With Noisy Input and Its Applications for MIMO System Analysis and Design","display_name":"New Equivalent Model of a Quantizer With Noisy Input and Its Applications for MIMO System Analysis and Design","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3083105166","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3021666","mag":"3083105166"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2020.3021666","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3021666","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8948470/09186108.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8948470/09186108.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036906710","display_name":"Arkady Molev-Shteiman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3494-8786"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210146936","display_name":"Huawei Technologies (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/03jyqk712","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2250955327","https://openalex.org/I4210146936"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Arkady Molev-Shteiman","raw_affiliation_strings":["Radio Algorithms Research, Futurewei Technologies, Inc., Bridgewater, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3494-8786","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Radio Algorithms Research, Futurewei Technologies, Inc., Bridgewater, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210146936"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036145447","display_name":"Xiao-Feng Qi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2139-9650"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210146936","display_name":"Huawei Technologies (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/03jyqk712","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2250955327","https://openalex.org/I4210146936"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiao-Feng Qi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Radio Algorithms Research, Futurewei Technologies, Inc., Bridgewater, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2139-9650","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Radio Algorithms Research, Futurewei Technologies, Inc., Bridgewater, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210146936"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112562332","display_name":"Laurence Mailander","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210146936","display_name":"Huawei Technologies (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/03jyqk712","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2250955327","https://openalex.org/I4210146936"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Laurence Mailander","raw_affiliation_strings":["Radio Algorithms Research, Futurewei Technologies, Inc., Bridgewater, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2890-7320","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Radio Algorithms Research, Futurewei Technologies, Inc., Bridgewater, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210146936"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030412310","display_name":"Narayan Prasad","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1105-2370"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210146936","display_name":"Huawei Technologies (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/03jyqk712","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2250955327","https://openalex.org/I4210146936"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Narayan Prasad","raw_affiliation_strings":["Radio Algorithms Research, Futurewei Technologies, Inc., Bridgewater, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1105-2370","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Radio Algorithms Research, Futurewei Technologies, Inc., Bridgewater, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210146936"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010290636","display_name":"Bertrand M. Hochwald","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9178-782X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I107639228","display_name":"University of Notre Dame","ror":"https://ror.org/00mkhxb43","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I107639228"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bertrand M. Hochwald","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9178-782X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I107639228"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":1750,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1750},"apc_paid":{"value":1750,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1750},"fwci":0.2592,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.533532,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"8","issue":null,"first_page":"162601","last_page":"162624"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10148","display_name":"Advanced MIMO Systems Optimization","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10148","display_name":"Advanced MIMO Systems Optimization","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11946","display_name":"Antenna Design and Optimization","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11392","display_name":"Energy Harvesting in Wireless Networks","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mimo","display_name":"MIMO","score":0.6387270092964172},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6363784670829773},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-theory","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","score":0.3459314703941345},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.25706052780151367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.18741151690483093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.08999460935592651}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207987634","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176862","display_name":"MIMO","level":3,"score":0.6387270092964172},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6363784670829773},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47446073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165890","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","level":3,"score":0.3459314703941345},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.25706052780151367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.18741151690483093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.08999460935592651},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2020.3021666","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3021666","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8948470/09186108.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:fcdc5ea273ee4506bdf99d57dd4a4c5e","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/fcdc5ea273ee4506bdf99d57dd4a4c5e","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 8, Pp 162601-162624 (2020)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2020.3021666","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3021666","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8948470/09186108.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.6499999761581421,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3083105166.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3083105166.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":69,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1521591241","https://openalex.org/W1634005169","https://openalex.org/W1760105601","https://openalex.org/W1763302039","https://openalex.org/W1776974347","https://openalex.org/W1892643793","https://openalex.org/W1970110805","https://openalex.org/W1972392100","https://openalex.org/W1980235469","https://openalex.org/W1982222550","https://openalex.org/W1985604302","https://openalex.org/W2001991593","https://openalex.org/W2038329885","https://openalex.org/W2040055202","https://openalex.org/W2069209527","https://openalex.org/W2094042723","https://openalex.org/W2095786348","https://openalex.org/W2098725264","https://openalex.org/W2102431935","https://openalex.org/W2103364136","https://openalex.org/W2106994101","https://openalex.org/W2118934672","https://openalex.org/W2120685510","https://openalex.org/W2133835435","https://openalex.org/W2134179788","https://openalex.org/W2140972179","https://openalex.org/W2141058125","https://openalex.org/W2141682101","https://openalex.org/W2155188945","https://openalex.org/W2158514137","https://openalex.org/W2189415357","https://openalex.org/W2208258119","https://openalex.org/W2239825991","https://openalex.org/W2262641688","https://openalex.org/W2274517597","https://openalex.org/W2400825964","https://openalex.org/W2493390539","https://openalex.org/W2519378799","https://openalex.org/W2526144952","https://openalex.org/W2585411909","https://openalex.org/W2592453562","https://openalex.org/W2605537711","https://openalex.org/W2606099839","https://openalex.org/W2609243569","https://openalex.org/W2613591189","https://openalex.org/W2779097215","https://openalex.org/W2787458060","https://openalex.org/W2789947301","https://openalex.org/W2889920534","https://openalex.org/W2902235256","https://openalex.org/W2918650740","https://openalex.org/W2955744182","https://openalex.org/W2957686973","https://openalex.org/W2963282500","https://openalex.org/W2963511957","https://openalex.org/W2963783167","https://openalex.org/W2964163499","https://openalex.org/W2968033213","https://openalex.org/W2975757797","https://openalex.org/W2987674273","https://openalex.org/W3016050076","https://openalex.org/W3098966262","https://openalex.org/W3099416516","https://openalex.org/W3101680438","https://openalex.org/W3103945792","https://openalex.org/W3105846222","https://openalex.org/W4240682706","https://openalex.org/W6688180229","https://openalex.org/W6713155927"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2390279801","https://openalex.org/W2358668433","https://openalex.org/W2376932109","https://openalex.org/W2001405890","https://openalex.org/W2382290278","https://openalex.org/W2478288626","https://openalex.org/W2350741829","https://openalex.org/W2530322880","https://openalex.org/W1596801655"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0,103],"propose":[1],"a":[2,7,25,35,39,58,131],"novel":[3],"equivalent":[4,41,46,51],"model":[5,75,110],"for":[6,80,115,150,157],"quantizer":[8,22,63],"with":[9,38],"noisy":[10],"input":[11],"(the":[12],"desired":[13,29,67],"signal":[14,30,68],"corrupted":[15],"by":[16],"measurement":[17],"noise).":[18],"It":[19],"presents":[20],"the":[21,28,55,62,66,81,106,109,117,124,137,142,145,168,179,187],"output":[23,64],"as":[24],"sum":[26],"of":[27,57,61,70,85,108,119,126,144,152,170,181],"after":[31],"it":[32],"passes":[33],"through":[34,111],"nonlinear":[36],"element":[37],"known":[40],"transfer":[42,52],"function":[43,53],"and":[44,83,94,100,134,166,175],"an":[45,193],"additive":[47],"white":[48],"noise.":[49],"The":[50,73],"takes":[54],"form":[56],"conditional":[59],"expectation":[60],"given":[65],"portion":[69],"its":[71],"input.":[72],"proposed":[74],"proves":[76],"to":[77,92,96],"be":[78],"effective":[79],"analysis":[82],"design":[84,118,169],"MIMO":[86,132,154,172],"systems":[87],"employing":[88],"low-resolution":[89],"quantizers":[90],"(analog":[91],"digital":[93,95,120],"analog":[97],"converters,":[98],"ADCs":[99],"DACs,":[101],"respectively).":[102],"also":[104],"demonstrate":[105],"efficacy":[107],"several":[112],"example":[113],"applications":[114],"1)":[116],"dither":[121],"that":[122,177],"mitigates":[123],"effect":[125,180],"DAC":[127,138],"quantization":[128],"error":[129],"in":[130],"transmitter":[133],"significantly":[135],"reduces":[136],"resolution":[139,148],"requirement;":[140],"2)":[141],"determination":[143],"minimal":[146],"ADC":[147,159,183],"required":[149],"operation":[151],"conventional":[153],"receivers":[155,173],"designed":[156],"infinite-resolution":[158],"arrays,":[160],"without":[161,192],"incurring":[162],"significant":[163],"performance":[164],"degradation;":[165],"3)":[167],"simple":[171],"(ML":[174],"MMSE)":[176],"mitigate":[178],"insufficient":[182],"resolution,":[184],"thereby":[185],"extending":[186],"receiver":[188],"SNR":[189],"operating":[190],"range":[191],"undue":[194],"complexity":[195],"increase.":[196]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-08-28T12:50:07.497085","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}