{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3081565779","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3021115","title":"Application of Deep Learning in the Prediction of Benign and Malignant Thyroid Nodules on Ultrasound Images","display_name":"Application of Deep Learning in the Prediction of Benign and Malignant Thyroid Nodules on Ultrasound Images","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3081565779","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3021115","mag":"3081565779"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2020.3021115","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3021115","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8948470/09184907.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8948470/09184907.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101464613","display_name":"Yinghui Lu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7768-6894"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210091296","display_name":"Zhumadian Central Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/00h4nzs54","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210091296"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yinghui Lu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Ultrasound, Zhumadian Central Hospital, Zhumadian, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Ultrasound, Zhumadian Central Hospital, Zhumadian, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210091296"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101521447","display_name":"Yi Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4502-8870"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210122949","display_name":"Dongguan People\u2019s Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/022s5gm85","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210122949"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yi Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Ultrasound, Dongguan City Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Dongguan, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Ultrasound, Dongguan City Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Dongguan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210122949"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101802832","display_name":"Wan Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6140-8136"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210143430","display_name":"Southern Medical University Shenzhen Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/037c01n91","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210143430"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wan Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Ultrasound Medicine, Shenzhen Hospital of Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Ultrasound Medicine, Shenzhen Hospital of Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210143430"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5101464613"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210091296"],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":1.013,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":20,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.77471485,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"8","issue":null,"first_page":"221468","last_page":"221480"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12935","display_name":"Healthcare Systems and Public Health","score":0.8913000226020813,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2713","display_name":"Epidemiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12935","display_name":"Healthcare Systems and Public Health","score":0.8913000226020813,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2713","display_name":"Epidemiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10862","display_name":"AI in cancer detection","score":0.8822000026702881,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11396","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare","score":0.8334000110626221,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3605","display_name":"Health Information Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convolutional-neural-network","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","score":0.8099632263183594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7132695317268372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6312597990036011},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.6248297691345215},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-learning","display_name":"Deep learning","score":0.6152781844139099},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.4523244798183441},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feedforward-neural-network","display_name":"Feedforward neural network","score":0.42367878556251526},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.38462769985198975}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81363708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17084460","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","level":2,"score":0.8099632263183594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7132695317268372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6312597990036011},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.6248297691345215},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.6152781844139099},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.4523244798183441},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47702885","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5441227","display_name":"Feedforward neural network","level":3,"score":0.42367878556251526},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.38462769985198975}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2020.3021115","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3021115","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8948470/09184907.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:2df93b2c31f941919766c907ccda0f1d","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/2df93b2c31f941919766c907ccda0f1d","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 8, Pp 221468-221480 (2020)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2020.3021115","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3021115","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8948470/09184907.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3081565779.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3081565779.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":44,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1432308812","https://openalex.org/W2142920810","https://openalex.org/W2289367521","https://openalex.org/W2498078863","https://openalex.org/W2549943931","https://openalex.org/W2562311142","https://openalex.org/W2617723976","https://openalex.org/W2780930765","https://openalex.org/W2782641492","https://openalex.org/W2786978404","https://openalex.org/W2793062918","https://openalex.org/W2793334080","https://openalex.org/W2797920662","https://openalex.org/W2799902558","https://openalex.org/W2806427029","https://openalex.org/W2806894900","https://openalex.org/W2810437889","https://openalex.org/W2884547966","https://openalex.org/W2888765605","https://openalex.org/W2888905826","https://openalex.org/W2891367133","https://openalex.org/W2898995475","https://openalex.org/W2900108361","https://openalex.org/W2903643130","https://openalex.org/W2909158354","https://openalex.org/W2911379327","https://openalex.org/W2912208179","https://openalex.org/W2913629656","https://openalex.org/W2942454403","https://openalex.org/W2944512710","https://openalex.org/W2949707695","https://openalex.org/W2955919019","https://openalex.org/W2963178695","https://openalex.org/W2963392702","https://openalex.org/W2968479810","https://openalex.org/W2979729503","https://openalex.org/W2994805849","https://openalex.org/W3004517575","https://openalex.org/W3099381338","https://openalex.org/W3102253946","https://openalex.org/W3102467893","https://openalex.org/W3122775348","https://openalex.org/W6746758037","https://openalex.org/W6750157648"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4226493464","https://openalex.org/W4312417841","https://openalex.org/W3193565141","https://openalex.org/W3133861977","https://openalex.org/W3167935049","https://openalex.org/W3103566983","https://openalex.org/W3029198973","https://openalex.org/W4380075502","https://openalex.org/W2357447513","https://openalex.org/W2378845890"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"this":[1],"paper,":[2],"ultrasound":[3,25,139],"imaging":[4],"of":[5,15,45,84,97,103,120,170],"benign":[6],"and":[7,36,41,50,67,75,91,108,111,126,152,165],"malignant":[8],"thyroid":[9,24,122,138,172],"nodules":[10],"to":[11,80,162,167],"predict":[12,163],"the":[13,16,32,37,43,46,51,56,60,69,82,89,95,100,104,118,121,135,143,153,168,181],"depth":[14],"learning":[17],"algorithm,":[18],"built":[19],"on":[20,134],"circulation":[21],"volume":[22],"product":[23],"image":[26],"neural":[27,34,39,48,53,63,156],"network":[28,35,49,64,157],"forecasting":[29,98],"model.":[30,71],"Introduced":[31],"convolutional":[33,47,62,155],"recurrent":[38,52,61],"network,":[40,54],"combined":[42],"advantages":[44],"improved":[55],"prediction":[57,65,70,124,158,174,182,186],"model,":[58],"constructed":[59],"model":[66,159],"optimized":[68],"Soc":[72],"max":[73],"algorithm":[74],"L2":[76],"regularization":[77],"are":[78,146],"introduced":[79],"prevent":[81],"occurrence":[83],"over-fitting.":[85],"This":[86],"study":[87],"introduces":[88],"technology":[90],"tools":[92],"required":[93],"for":[94],"development":[96,114,169],"systems,":[99],"feasibility":[101],"analysis":[102,107],"system,":[105],"demand":[106],"system":[109,113,125,131,183],"design":[110],"other":[112],"preliminary":[115],"work.":[116],"Describes":[117],"function":[119],"nodule":[123,173],"related":[127],"work":[128],"such":[129],"as":[130,148],"testing.":[132],"Based":[133],"above":[136],"research,":[137],"images":[140],"obtained":[141],"by":[142],"cooperative":[144],"hospital":[145],"used":[147,161],"a":[149,171],"data":[150],"set,":[151],"cyclic":[154],"is":[160],"training":[164],"testing":[166],"system.":[175],"The":[176],"experimental":[177],"results":[178],"show":[179],"that":[180],"has":[184],"high":[185],"accuracy.":[187]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}