{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3081524296","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3020878","title":"Field Demonstrations of Wide-Beam Optical Communications Through Water\u2013Air Interface","display_name":"Field Demonstrations of Wide-Beam Optical Communications Through Water\u2013Air Interface","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3081524296","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3020878","mag":"3081524296"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2020.3020878","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3020878","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8948470/09184014.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8948470/09184014.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101925414","display_name":"Xiaobin Sun","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4814-5658"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I71920554","display_name":"King Abdullah University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01q3tbs38","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I71920554"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaobin Sun","raw_affiliation_strings":["Photonics Laboratory, Division of Computer, Electrical, and Mathematical Sciences and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4814-5658","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Photonics Laboratory, Division of Computer, Electrical, and Mathematical Sciences and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I71920554"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058957811","display_name":"Meiwei Kong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3907-2194"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I71920554","display_name":"King Abdullah University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01q3tbs38","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I71920554"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Meiwei Kong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Photonics Laboratory, Division of Computer, Electrical, and Mathematical Sciences and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3907-2194","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Photonics Laboratory, Division of Computer, Electrical, and Mathematical Sciences and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I71920554"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052421646","display_name":"Omar Alkhazragi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6247-842X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I71920554","display_name":"King Abdullah University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01q3tbs38","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I71920554"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Omar A. Alkhazragi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Photonics Laboratory, Division of Computer, Electrical, and Mathematical Sciences and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6247-842X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Photonics Laboratory, Division of Computer, Electrical, and Mathematical Sciences and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I71920554"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078022097","display_name":"Kuat Telegenov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6136-843X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I71920554","display_name":"King Abdullah University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01q3tbs38","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I71920554"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kuat Telegenov","raw_affiliation_strings":["Robotics, Intelligent Systems and Control Laboratory, Computer, Electrical and Mathematical Science and Engineering (CEMSE) Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6136-843X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Robotics, Intelligent Systems and Control Laboratory, Computer, Electrical and Mathematical Science and Engineering (CEMSE) Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I71920554"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029638998","display_name":"Mustapha Ouhssain","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8734-7909"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I71920554","display_name":"King Abdullah University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01q3tbs38","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I71920554"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mustapha Ouhssain","raw_affiliation_strings":["Integrated Ocean Processes Laboratory, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Integrated Ocean Processes Laboratory, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I71920554"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037111047","display_name":"Mohammed Sait","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7861-290X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I71920554","display_name":"King Abdullah University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01q3tbs38","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I71920554"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mohammed Sait","raw_affiliation_strings":["Photonics Laboratory, Division of Computer, Electrical, and Mathematical Sciences and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Photonics Laboratory, Division of Computer, Electrical, and Mathematical Sciences and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I71920554"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008903093","display_name":"Yujian Guo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2433-5860"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I71920554","display_name":"King Abdullah University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01q3tbs38","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I71920554"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yujian Guo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Photonics Laboratory, Division of Computer, Electrical, and Mathematical Sciences and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2433-5860","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Photonics Laboratory, Division of Computer, Electrical, and Mathematical Sciences and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I71920554"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047715267","display_name":"Burton H. Jones","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9599-1593"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I71920554","display_name":"King Abdullah University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01q3tbs38","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I71920554"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Burton H. Jones","raw_affiliation_strings":["Integrated Ocean Processes Laboratory, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9599-1593","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Integrated Ocean Processes Laboratory, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I71920554"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028973855","display_name":"Jeff S. Shamma","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5638-9551"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I71920554","display_name":"King Abdullah University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01q3tbs38","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I71920554"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jeff S. Shamma","raw_affiliation_strings":["Robotics, Intelligent Systems and Control Laboratory, Computer, Electrical and Mathematical Science and Engineering (CEMSE) Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5638-9551","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Robotics, Intelligent Systems and Control Laboratory, Computer, Electrical and Mathematical Science and Engineering (CEMSE) Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I71920554"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081010921","display_name":"Tien Khee Ng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1480-6975"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I71920554","display_name":"King Abdullah University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01q3tbs38","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I71920554"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tien Khee Ng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Photonics Laboratory, Division of Computer, Electrical, and Mathematical Sciences and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1480-6975","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Photonics Laboratory, Division of Computer, Electrical, and Mathematical Sciences and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I71920554"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033853667","display_name":"Boon S. Ooi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9606-5578"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I71920554","display_name":"King Abdullah University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01q3tbs38","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I71920554"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Boon S. Ooi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Photonics Laboratory, Division of Computer, Electrical, and Mathematical Sciences and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9606-5578","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Photonics Laboratory, Division of Computer, Electrical, and Mathematical Sciences and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I71920554"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I71920554"],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":5.1249,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":60,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96000317,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"8","issue":null,"first_page":"160480","last_page":"160489"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11192","display_name":"Underwater Vehicles and Communication Systems","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2212","display_name":"Ocean Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11192","display_name":"Underwater Vehicles and Communication Systems","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2212","display_name":"Ocean Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10851","display_name":"Optical Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9980999827384949,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12697","display_name":"Water Quality Monitoring Technologies","score":0.9853000044822693,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2312","display_name":"Water Science and Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5973507761955261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/air-interface","display_name":"Air interface","score":0.5682267546653748},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/megabit","display_name":"Megabit","score":0.5584732890129089},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/free-space-optical-communication","display_name":"Free-space optical communication","score":0.5471653938293457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/underwater","display_name":"Underwater","score":0.509517252445221},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/link-budget","display_name":"Link budget","score":0.4958530366420746},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quadrature-amplitude-modulation","display_name":"Quadrature amplitude modulation","score":0.4704799950122833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.4622371792793274},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.4491010010242462},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robustness","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","score":0.44358041882514954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.4244700074195862},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.41503870487213135},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optical-communication","display_name":"Optical communication","score":0.3873172998428345},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bit-error-rate","display_name":"Bit error rate","score":0.3398738503456116},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.2408863604068756},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.17500129342079163},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.16429412364959717},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.10393461585044861}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5973507761955261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776362087","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q455112","display_name":"Air interface","level":3,"score":0.5682267546653748},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185177783","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3332814","display_name":"Megabit","level":2,"score":0.5584732890129089},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C197000039","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2027432","display_name":"Free-space optical communication","level":3,"score":0.5471653938293457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98083399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3246517","display_name":"Underwater","level":2,"score":0.509517252445221},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94137725","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1509342","display_name":"Link budget","level":3,"score":0.4958530366420746},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32409245","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q749753","display_name":"Quadrature amplitude modulation","level":4,"score":0.4704799950122833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.4622371792793274},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.4491010010242462},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63479239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353546","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","level":3,"score":0.44358041882514954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.4244700074195862},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.41503870487213135},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C129404179","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1469765","display_name":"Optical communication","level":2,"score":0.3873172998428345},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56296756","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q840922","display_name":"Bit error rate","level":3,"score":0.3398738503456116},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.2408863604068756},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.17500129342079163},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.16429412364959717},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.10393461585044861},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111368507","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43518","display_name":"Oceanography","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2020.3020878","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3020878","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8948470/09184014.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:7f396e79f29f4ff5b3857e11d517d636","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/7f396e79f29f4ff5b3857e11d517d636","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 8, Pp 160480-160489 (2020)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:repository.kaust.edu.sa:10754/664926","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10754/664926","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401596","display_name":"King Abdullah University of Science and Technology Repository (King Abdullah University of Science and Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I71920554","host_organization_name":"King Abdullah University of Science and Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I71920554"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2020.3020878","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3020878","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8948470/09184014.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.7099999785423279,"display_name":"Life below water","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/14"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3907821681","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"FCC/1/1973-27-01","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322320","funder_display_name":"King Abdullah University of Science and Technology"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4184887230","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"KCR/1/4114-01-01","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322320","funder_display_name":"King Abdullah University of Science and Technology"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4248431974","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"KCR/1/2081-01-01","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322320","funder_display_name":"King Abdullah University of Science and Technology"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7762411414","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"GEN/1/6607-01-01","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322320","funder_display_name":"King Abdullah University of Science and Technology"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8573876801","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"BAS/1/1614-01-01","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322320","funder_display_name":"King Abdullah University of Science and Technology"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322320","display_name":"King Abdullah University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01q3tbs38"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3081524296.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3081524296.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":29,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1529046317","https://openalex.org/W1999917918","https://openalex.org/W2036098206","https://openalex.org/W2037890325","https://openalex.org/W2122273579","https://openalex.org/W2128195381","https://openalex.org/W2143691462","https://openalex.org/W2149472588","https://openalex.org/W2152966047","https://openalex.org/W2161462786","https://openalex.org/W2415148337","https://openalex.org/W2577421398","https://openalex.org/W2588955337","https://openalex.org/W2595124354","https://openalex.org/W2618150645","https://openalex.org/W2627314616","https://openalex.org/W2745325548","https://openalex.org/W2787051109","https://openalex.org/W2846127207","https://openalex.org/W2883574602","https://openalex.org/W2893078023","https://openalex.org/W2896149340","https://openalex.org/W2903691136","https://openalex.org/W2954296502","https://openalex.org/W2971318099","https://openalex.org/W2996666220","https://openalex.org/W3099085003","https://openalex.org/W4238993486","https://openalex.org/W6738528411"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2064744906","https://openalex.org/W2508407509","https://openalex.org/W3189202204","https://openalex.org/W24707634","https://openalex.org/W2925730086","https://openalex.org/W1966701554","https://openalex.org/W1969140417","https://openalex.org/W2295441937","https://openalex.org/W2498234527","https://openalex.org/W4248778140"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,65,102,182],"connectivity":[1],"of":[2,32,48,59,67,82,110,144,171],"undersea":[3],"sensors":[4],"and":[5,147,178,188,195],"airborne":[6],"nodes":[7],"across":[8,75],"the":[9,51,76,83,123,131,142,145,149,185,202],"water-air":[10,77],"interface":[11,78],"has":[12],"been":[13],"long":[14],"sought.":[15],"This":[16,38],"study":[17],"designs":[18],"a":[19,27,55,80,88,94,98,106,134,138,153,157,167,175],"free-space":[20],"wireless":[21],"laser":[22],"communications":[23,74],"system":[24,39,69,124],"that":[25,191],"yields":[26],"high":[28],"net":[29,56,168],"data":[30,57,108,169],"rate":[31,58,109,170],"850":[33],"Mbit/s":[34,61,112,173],"when":[35,113],"perfectly":[36],"aligned.":[37],"can":[40],"also":[41],"be":[42],"used":[43],"for":[44,72,204],"an":[45],"extended":[46],"coverage":[47],"1963":[49],"cm2at":[50],"receiver":[52],"while":[53],"sustaining":[54],"9":[60],"over":[62,118,141,174],"10":[63],"m.":[64],"utility":[66],"this":[68],"was":[70],"verified":[71],"direct":[73],"in":[79,115,126,197],"canal":[81,103],"Red":[84],"Sea":[85],"based":[86],"on":[87],"pre-aligned":[89,114],"link":[90,186],"as":[91,93],"well":[92],"diving":[95],"pool":[96,132],"under":[97],"mobile":[99],"signal-searching":[100],"mode.":[101],"deployment":[104],"measured":[105],"real-time":[107],"87":[111],"turbid":[116],"water":[117,128,146],"50":[119],"min,":[120],"which":[121,200],"confirms":[122],"robustness":[125],"harsh":[127,198],"environments.":[129],"In":[130],"deployment,":[133],"drone":[135],"configured":[136],"with":[137],"photodetector":[139],"flew":[140],"surface":[143],"recorded":[148],"underwater":[150,177],"signals":[151],"without":[152],"structure-assisted":[154],"alignment.":[155],"Using":[156],"four-quadrature":[158],"amplitude-modulated":[159],"orthogonal":[160],"frequency-division":[161],"multiplexing":[162],"(4-QAM-OFDM)":[163],"modulation":[164],"scheme":[165],"provided":[166],"44":[172],"2.3-m":[176],"3.5-m":[179],"air":[180],"link.":[181],"results":[183],"validated":[184],"stability":[187],"mitigated":[189],"problems":[190],"arise":[192],"from":[193],"misalignment":[194],"mobility":[196],"environments,":[199],"paves":[201],"way":[203],"future":[205],"field":[206],"applications.":[207]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T09:40:50.615796","created_date":"2020-09-08T00:00:00"}