{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3081547053","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3020814","title":"Approximate Reasoning Based on IFRS and DS Theory With its Application in Threat Assessment","display_name":"Approximate Reasoning Based on IFRS and DS Theory With its Application in Threat Assessment","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3081547053","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3020814","mag":"3081547053"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2020.3020814","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3020814","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8948470/09184030.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8948470/09184030.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101560755","display_name":"Yanli Lu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5286-8456"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210104252","display_name":"Air Force Engineering University","ror":"https://ror.org/00seraz22","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210104252"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yanli Lu","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Air and Missile Defense, Air Force Engineering University, Xi\u2019an, China","College of Air and Missile Defense, Air Force Engineering University, Xi'an, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5286-8456","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Air and Missile Defense, Air Force Engineering University, Xi\u2019an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210104252"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Air and Missile Defense, Air Force Engineering University, Xi'an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210104252"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048790036","display_name":"Xiaoli Lei","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0453-9789"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210104252","display_name":"Air Force Engineering University","ror":"https://ror.org/00seraz22","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210104252"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaoli Lei","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Air and Missile Defense, Air Force Engineering University, Xi\u2019an, China","College of Air and Missile Defense, Air Force Engineering University, Xi'an, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0453-9789","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Air and Missile Defense, Air Force Engineering University, Xi\u2019an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210104252"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Air and Missile Defense, Air Force Engineering University, Xi'an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210104252"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102842434","display_name":"Zhiping Zhou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2898-1675"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210104252","display_name":"Air Force Engineering University","ror":"https://ror.org/00seraz22","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210104252"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhiping Zhou","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Air and Missile Defense, Air Force Engineering University, Xi\u2019an, China","College of Air and Missile Defense, Air Force Engineering University, Xi'an, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2898-1675","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Air and Missile Defense, Air Force Engineering University, Xi\u2019an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210104252"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Air and Missile Defense, Air Force Engineering University, Xi'an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210104252"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100784138","display_name":"Yafei Song","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0962-0671"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210104252","display_name":"Air Force Engineering University","ror":"https://ror.org/00seraz22","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210104252"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yafei Song","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Air and Missile Defense, Air Force Engineering University, Xi\u2019an, China","College of Air and Missile Defense, Air Force Engineering University, Xi'an, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0962-0671","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Air and Missile Defense, Air Force Engineering University, Xi\u2019an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210104252"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Air and Missile Defense, Air Force Engineering University, Xi'an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210104252"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210104252"],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":1.0144,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":14,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.81691888,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"8","issue":null,"first_page":"160558","last_page":"160568"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11063","display_name":"Rough Sets and Fuzzy Logic","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11063","display_name":"Rough Sets and Fuzzy Logic","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13832","display_name":"Advanced Decision-Making Techniques","score":0.9858999848365784,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13734","display_name":"Advanced Computational Techniques and Applications","score":0.972599983215332,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/threat-assessment","display_name":"Threat assessment","score":0.6875689029693604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6071096062660217},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/belief-structure","display_name":"Belief structure","score":0.514051079750061},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fuzzy-logic","display_name":"Fuzzy logic","score":0.5008690357208252},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dependency","display_name":"Dependency (UML)","score":0.46744096279144287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.44621190428733826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/degree","display_name":"Degree (music)","score":0.4438958466053009},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/function","display_name":"Function (biology)","score":0.4110995829105377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.35120871663093567},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.21535557508468628}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778868856","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18394273","display_name":"Threat assessment","level":2,"score":0.6875689029693604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6071096062660217},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44973800","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4882755","display_name":"Belief structure","level":2,"score":0.514051079750061},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q224821","display_name":"Fuzzy logic","level":2,"score":0.5008690357208252},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19768560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q320727","display_name":"Dependency (UML)","level":2,"score":0.46744096279144287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.44621190428733826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775997480","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q586277","display_name":"Degree (music)","level":2,"score":0.4438958466053009},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14036430","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3736076","display_name":"Function (biology)","level":2,"score":0.4110995829105377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.35120871663093567},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.21535557508468628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78458016","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q840400","display_name":"Evolutionary biology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2020.3020814","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3020814","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8948470/09184030.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:f7c69cbbce9d4a74853f7419d71f40b8","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/f7c69cbbce9d4a74853f7419d71f40b8","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 8, Pp 160558-160568 (2020)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2020.3020814","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3020814","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8948470/09184030.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","score":0.6499999761581421}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3006619586","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61703426","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3583059398","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2018M633680","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321543","funder_display_name":"China Postdoctoral Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5430286093","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"20190108","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6432968181","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2018M633680","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321543","display_name":"China Postdoctoral Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/0426zh255"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3081547053.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3081547053.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":27,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W193163348","https://openalex.org/W1533934975","https://openalex.org/W1536320638","https://openalex.org/W1573389402","https://openalex.org/W1992958341","https://openalex.org/W2005993522","https://openalex.org/W2014040330","https://openalex.org/W2089882021","https://openalex.org/W2091650466","https://openalex.org/W2268875920","https://openalex.org/W2347653155","https://openalex.org/W2385027037","https://openalex.org/W2393861155","https://openalex.org/W2406470551","https://openalex.org/W2567563454","https://openalex.org/W2765227114","https://openalex.org/W2801882539","https://openalex.org/W2884370189","https://openalex.org/W2897993794","https://openalex.org/W2900873406","https://openalex.org/W2952809827","https://openalex.org/W2969179193","https://openalex.org/W2991362490","https://openalex.org/W3022474199","https://openalex.org/W4255833381","https://openalex.org/W4301347335","https://openalex.org/W6987639897"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2399035783","https://openalex.org/W3161230432","https://openalex.org/W2067317451","https://openalex.org/W4367190712","https://openalex.org/W2168900540","https://openalex.org/W2154771632","https://openalex.org/W4211085505","https://openalex.org/W2015191659","https://openalex.org/W3081547053","https://openalex.org/W4320803062"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Threat":[0],"assessment":[1,37,86,97,160,183],"for":[2,35,84,147],"aerial":[3],"attack":[4],"targets":[5],"is":[6],"an":[7,79],"important":[8],"aspect":[9],"of":[10,50,55,89,114,116,139,141,174,181,187],"air":[11],"defense":[12],"weapon":[13],"systems":[14],"in":[15,44,106,118,144],"responding":[16],"to":[17,68,77,124,130,135,157,199],"multiple":[18],"attacks.":[19],"We":[20],"establish":[21],"a":[22,62,145,158],"model":[23],"based":[24,74,162],"on":[25,75,94,164,194],"intuitionistic":[26,57,80,111,169],"fuzzy":[27,58,81,112,170],"rough":[28],"sets":[29],"(IFRS)":[30],"and":[31,52,72,91,134,185,191],"D-S":[32,165],"evidence":[33,166],"theory":[34,167],"threat":[36,70,85,96,108,149,159,182],"from":[38],"the":[39,47,56,95,102,119,126,137,142,172,179],"required":[40],"data":[41,143],"with":[42,87],"uncertainty":[43],"stages.":[45],"Using":[46],"overall":[48],"degree":[49,115,138],"dependency":[51],"attribute":[53],"importance":[54],"information":[59],"system":[60],"as":[61,198],"heuristic":[63],"function,":[64],"we":[65,100],"study":[66,101,153],"algorithms":[67],"extract":[69],"elements":[71,128,184],"rules":[73],"IFRS,":[76],"generate":[78],"rule":[82,98,120],"base":[83],"degrees":[88],"belief":[90,117],"disbelief.":[92],"Based":[93],"base,":[99],"BPA":[103,188],"determination":[104,186],"algorithm":[105],"multi-stage":[107],"assessment.":[109],"The":[110],"semantics":[113],"conclusion":[121],"are":[122],"used":[123],"determine":[125],"focal":[127],"corresponding":[129],"each":[131,148],"aggregate":[132],"rule,":[133],"obtain":[136],"support":[140],"stage":[146],"level.":[150],"A":[151],"case":[152],"shows":[154],"that,":[155],"compared":[156],"method":[161],"solely":[163],"or":[168],"reasoning,":[171],"advantage":[173],"IFRS":[175],"knowledge":[176],"acquisition":[177],"makes":[178],"selection":[180],"more":[189],"objective":[190,202],"less":[192],"dependent":[193],"domain":[195],"experts,":[196],"so":[197],"yield":[200],"strong,":[201],"results.":[203]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-15T18:14:33.161393","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}