{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3065136743","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3017440","title":"Modeling, Localization, and Segmentation of the Foveal Avascular Zone on Retinal OCT-Angiography Images","display_name":"Modeling, Localization, and Segmentation of the Foveal Avascular Zone on Retinal OCT-Angiography Images","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3065136743","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3017440","mag":"3065136743"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2020.3017440","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3017440","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8948470/09169899.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8948470/09169899.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090551856","display_name":"Enrique J. Carmona","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7487-745X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I178450904","display_name":"Universidad Nacional de Educaci\u00f3n a Distancia","ror":"https://ror.org/02msb5n36","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I178450904"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Enrique J. Carmona","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Artificial Intelligence, ETS Ingenier\u00eda Inform\u00e1tica, Universidad Nacional de Educaci\u00f3n a Distancia (UNED), Madrid, Spain"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7487-745X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Artificial Intelligence, ETS Ingenier\u00eda Inform\u00e1tica, Universidad Nacional de Educaci\u00f3n a Distancia (UNED), Madrid, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I178450904"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028330935","display_name":"Macarena D\u00edaz","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6904-2968"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I11019714","display_name":"Universidade da Coru\u00f1a","ror":"https://ror.org/01qckj285","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I11019714"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Macarena Diaz","raw_affiliation_strings":["CITIC-Research Center of Information and Communication Technologies, University of A Coru\u00f1a, A Coru\u00f1a, Spain","Department of Computer Science and Information Technologies, University of A Coru\u00f1a, A Coru\u00f1a, Spain"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6904-2968","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CITIC-Research Center of Information and Communication Technologies, University of A Coru\u00f1a, A Coru\u00f1a, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I11019714"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Information Technologies, University of A Coru\u00f1a, A Coru\u00f1a, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I11019714"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032144370","display_name":"Jorge Novo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0125-3064"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I11019714","display_name":"Universidade da Coru\u00f1a","ror":"https://ror.org/01qckj285","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I11019714"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jorge Novo","raw_affiliation_strings":["CITIC-Research Center of Information and Communication Technologies, University of A Coru\u00f1a, A Coru\u00f1a, Spain","Department of Computer Science and Information Technologies, University of A Coru\u00f1a, A Coru\u00f1a, Spain"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CITIC-Research Center of Information and Communication Technologies, University of A Coru\u00f1a, A Coru\u00f1a, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I11019714"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Information Technologies, University of A Coru\u00f1a, A Coru\u00f1a, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I11019714"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077849552","display_name":"Marcos Ortega","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2798-0788"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I11019714","display_name":"Universidade da Coru\u00f1a","ror":"https://ror.org/01qckj285","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I11019714"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Marcos Ortega","raw_affiliation_strings":["CITIC-Research Center of Information and Communication Technologies, University of A Coru\u00f1a, A Coru\u00f1a, Spain","Department of Computer Science and Information Technologies, University of A Coru\u00f1a, A Coru\u00f1a, Spain"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CITIC-Research Center of Information and Communication Technologies, University of A Coru\u00f1a, A Coru\u00f1a, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I11019714"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Information Technologies, University of A Coru\u00f1a, A Coru\u00f1a, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I11019714"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":0.4596,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":7,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.67746233,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"8","issue":null,"first_page":"152223","last_page":"152238"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11438","display_name":"Retinal Imaging and Analysis","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11438","display_name":"Retinal Imaging and Analysis","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10250","display_name":"Glaucoma and retinal disorders","score":0.9987000226974487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2731","display_name":"Ophthalmology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10170","display_name":"Retinal Diseases and Treatments","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2731","display_name":"Ophthalmology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/foveal-avascular-zone","display_name":"Foveal avascular zone","score":0.7213312387466431},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/segmentation","display_name":"Segmentation","score":0.7050678133964539},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/foveal","display_name":"Foveal","score":0.6372590065002441},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6304954290390015},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5692903399467468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hausdorff-distance","display_name":"Hausdorff distance","score":0.534146249294281},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optical-coherence-tomography","display_name":"Optical coherence tomography","score":0.5149915814399719},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.488057017326355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","score":0.4658981263637543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-segmentation","display_name":"Image segmentation","score":0.4173589050769806},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optical-coherence-tomography-angiography","display_name":"Optical coherence tomography angiography","score":0.4152193069458008},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.2753009498119354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/retinal","display_name":"Retinal","score":0.242298424243927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ophthalmology","display_name":"Ophthalmology","score":0.22226262092590332}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777655287","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28455839","display_name":"Foveal avascular zone","level":4,"score":0.7213312387466431},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89600930","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423946","display_name":"Segmentation","level":2,"score":0.7050678133964539},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C30181142","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q865103","display_name":"Foveal","level":3,"score":0.6372590065002441},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6304954290390015},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5692903399467468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141898687","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1501997","display_name":"Hausdorff distance","level":2,"score":0.534146249294281},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778818243","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q899552","display_name":"Optical coherence tomography","level":2,"score":0.5149915814399719},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.488057017326355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.4658981263637543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124504099","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q56933","display_name":"Image segmentation","level":3,"score":0.4173589050769806},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2985858981","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q60760969","display_name":"Optical coherence tomography angiography","level":3,"score":0.4152193069458008},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.2753009498119354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780827179","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q422001","display_name":"Retinal","level":2,"score":0.242298424243927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118487528","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161437","display_name":"Ophthalmology","level":1,"score":0.22226262092590332},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2020.3017440","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3017440","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8948470/09169899.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:e-spacio.uned.es:20.500.14468/22397","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14468/22397","pdf_url":"https://e-spacio.uned.es/bitstreams/211db3c8-4c19-4070-bffc-fe29fb9546b3/download","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407055166","display_name":"UNED repository","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"journal article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:648102f5738945aba55e6332b30bd417","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/648102f5738945aba55e6332b30bd417","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 8, Pp 152223-152238 (2020)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:ruc.udc.es:2183/37402","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/2183/37402","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402204","display_name":"RUC (Universidade Da Coru\u00f1a)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2020.3017440","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3017440","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8948470/09169899.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4045334912","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"RTI2018-095894-B-I00","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320315062","funder_display_name":"Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovaci\u00f3n y Universidades"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8181105605","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"RTI2018","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320315062","funder_display_name":"Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovaci\u00f3n y Universidades"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320315062","display_name":"Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovaci\u00f3n y Universidades","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3065136743.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3065136743.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":33,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W74112139","https://openalex.org/W1972343842","https://openalex.org/W1977349774","https://openalex.org/W1987869189","https://openalex.org/W2037713579","https://openalex.org/W2045761317","https://openalex.org/W2048721378","https://openalex.org/W2059061315","https://openalex.org/W2128060444","https://openalex.org/W2137063708","https://openalex.org/W2169353679","https://openalex.org/W2169371923","https://openalex.org/W2463696354","https://openalex.org/W2491179239","https://openalex.org/W2510096069","https://openalex.org/W2549537043","https://openalex.org/W2551787504","https://openalex.org/W2590495894","https://openalex.org/W2593276456","https://openalex.org/W2604622558","https://openalex.org/W2740052380","https://openalex.org/W2779224591","https://openalex.org/W2799708266","https://openalex.org/W2896507799","https://openalex.org/W2898590149","https://openalex.org/W2900999361","https://openalex.org/W2903271452","https://openalex.org/W2979751829","https://openalex.org/W2979827906","https://openalex.org/W2981228023","https://openalex.org/W4211170080","https://openalex.org/W4246367566","https://openalex.org/W6746861106"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1972093821","https://openalex.org/W3110669631","https://openalex.org/W2900565020","https://openalex.org/W3047389810","https://openalex.org/W4246449826","https://openalex.org/W3036070440","https://openalex.org/W3214330516","https://openalex.org/W2319543622","https://openalex.org/W2993441374","https://openalex.org/W4230945873"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,100,115,242],"Foveal":[1],"Avascular":[2],"Zone":[3],"(FAZ)":[4],"is":[5,10,61,103,138,196,261],"a":[6,48,62,83,123,189],"capillary-free":[7],"area":[8,200],"that":[9,66],"placed":[11],"inside":[12,197],"the":[13,45,68,72,95,119,127,132,142,162,170,182,192,198,207,222,230,248,258],"macula":[14],"and":[15,18,41,74,93,112,154,179,184,210,215,237],"its":[16],"morphology":[17],"size":[19],"represent":[20],"important":[21],"biomarkers":[22],"to":[23,53,70,90,105,125,140,220],"detect":[24],"different":[25],"ocular":[26],"pathologies":[27],"such":[28],"as":[29,122],"diabetic":[30],"retinopathy,":[31],"impaired":[32],"vision":[33],"or":[34],"retinal":[35],"vein":[36],"occlusion.":[37],"Therefore,":[38],"an":[39,135,203],"adequate":[40],"precise":[42],"segmentation":[43,223,259],"of":[44,87,177],"FAZ":[46,96,108,120,128,144,194,199],"presents":[47],"high":[49],"clinical":[50],"interest.":[51],"About":[52],"this,":[54],"Angiography":[55],"by":[56,202],"Optical":[57],"Coherence":[58],"Tomography":[59],"(OCT-A)":[60],"non-invasive":[63],"imaging":[64],"technique":[65],"allows":[67],"expert":[69,204],"visualize":[71],"vascular":[73],"avascular":[75],"foveal":[76],"zone.":[77],"In":[78],"this":[79,150,265],"work,":[80],"we":[81],"present":[82],"robust":[84],"methodology":[85,151],"composed":[86],"three":[88],"stages":[89],"model,":[91],"localize,":[92],"segment":[94,141],"in":[97,131,156,181,229,247,264],"OCT-A":[98,158],"images.":[99],"first":[101,183,231],"stage":[102],"addressed":[104],"generate":[106],"two":[107,157],"normality":[109],"models:":[110],"superficial":[111],"deep":[113],"plexus.":[114],"second":[116,163,185,249],"one":[117],"uses":[118],"model":[121],"template":[124],"localize":[126],"center.":[129],"Finally,":[130],"third":[133],"stage,":[134],"adaptive":[136],"binarization":[137],"proposed":[139],"entire":[143],"region.":[145],"A":[146],"method":[147],"based":[148],"on":[149],"was":[152,251],"implemented":[153],"validated":[155],"image":[159],"subsets,":[160,186],"presenting":[161],"subset":[164,250],"more":[165,262],"challenging":[166],"pathological":[167],"conditions":[168],"than":[169],"first.":[171],"We":[172],"obtained":[173,193,246],"localization":[174],"success":[175,190],"rates":[176],"100%":[178],"96%":[180],"respectively,":[187],"considering":[188],"if":[191],"center":[195],"segmented":[201],"clinician.":[205],"Complementary,":[206],"Dice":[208,244],"score":[209,245],"other":[211],"indexes":[212],"(Jaccard":[213],"index":[214],"Hausdorff":[216],"distance)":[217],"are":[218],"used":[219],"measure":[221],"quality,":[224],"obtaining":[225],"competitive":[226],"average":[227,243],"values":[228],"subset:":[232],"0.84\u00b1":[233],"0.01":[234,239],"(expert":[235,240],"1)":[236],"0.85\u00b1":[238],"2).":[241],"also":[252],"acceptable":[253],"(0.70\u00b1":[254],"0.17),":[255],"even":[256],"though":[257],"process":[260],"complex":[263],"case.":[266]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
