{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3070197474","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3017238","title":"Accurate and Practical Calibration of Multiple Pan-Tilt-Zoom Cameras for Live Broadcasts","display_name":"Accurate and Practical Calibration of Multiple Pan-Tilt-Zoom Cameras for Live Broadcasts","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3070197474","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3017238","mag":"3070197474"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2020.3017238","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3017238","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8948470/09169866.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8948470/09169866.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061574703","display_name":"Masanori Kano","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6537-2927"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210107548","display_name":"Japan Broadcasting Corporation (Japan)","ror":"https://ror.org/01s8tz949","country_code":"JP","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210107548"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Masanori Kano","raw_affiliation_strings":["Science and Technology Research Laboratories, Japan Broadcasting Corporation (NHK), Tokyo, Japan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6537-2927","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Science and Technology Research Laboratories, Japan Broadcasting Corporation (NHK), Tokyo, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210107548"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112243948","display_name":"Hidehiko Okubo","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210107548","display_name":"Japan Broadcasting Corporation (Japan)","ror":"https://ror.org/01s8tz949","country_code":"JP","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210107548"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hidehiko Okubo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Broadcast Engineering Department, Japan Broadcasting Corporation (NHK), Tokyo, Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Broadcast Engineering Department, Japan Broadcasting Corporation (NHK), Tokyo, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210107548"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046932356","display_name":"Masaki Takahashi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4337-0074"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210107548","display_name":"Japan Broadcasting Corporation (Japan)","ror":"https://ror.org/01s8tz949","country_code":"JP","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210107548"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Masaki Takahashi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Science and Technology Research Laboratories, Japan Broadcasting Corporation (NHK), Tokyo, Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Science and Technology Research Laboratories, Japan Broadcasting Corporation (NHK), Tokyo, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210107548"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011358767","display_name":"Kensuke Ikeya","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210107548","display_name":"Japan Broadcasting Corporation (Japan)","ror":"https://ror.org/01s8tz949","country_code":"JP","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210107548"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kensuke Ikeya","raw_affiliation_strings":["Science and Technology Research Laboratories, Japan Broadcasting Corporation (NHK), Tokyo, Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Science and Technology Research Laboratories, Japan Broadcasting Corporation (NHK), Tokyo, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210107548"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016633127","display_name":"Kensuke Hisatomi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5619-4471"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210107548","display_name":"Japan Broadcasting Corporation (Japan)","ror":"https://ror.org/01s8tz949","country_code":"JP","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210107548"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kensuke Hisatomi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Science and Technology Research Laboratories, Japan Broadcasting Corporation (NHK), Tokyo, Japan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5619-4471","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Science and Technology Research Laboratories, Japan Broadcasting Corporation (NHK), Tokyo, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210107548"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055459911","display_name":"Tomoyuki Mishina","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210107548","display_name":"Japan Broadcasting Corporation (Japan)","ror":"https://ror.org/01s8tz949","country_code":"JP","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210107548"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tomoyuki Mishina","raw_affiliation_strings":["Science and Technology Research Laboratories, Japan Broadcasting Corporation (NHK), Tokyo, Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Science and Technology Research Laboratories, Japan Broadcasting Corporation (NHK), Tokyo, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210107548"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210107548"],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":0.4792,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":8,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.65407388,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"8","issue":null,"first_page":"153993","last_page":"154006"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10638","display_name":"Optical measurement and interference techniques","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10638","display_name":"Optical measurement and interference techniques","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10531","display_name":"Advanced Vision and Imaging","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12153","display_name":"Advanced Optical Sensing Technologies","score":0.9970999956130981,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3105","display_name":"Instrumentation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8024423122406006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/zoom","display_name":"Zoom","score":0.7374359369277954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.736687421798706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.7299599051475525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/zoom-lens","display_name":"Zoom lens","score":0.6635445952415466},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tilt","display_name":"Tilt (camera)","score":0.5701252222061157},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/calibration","display_name":"Calibration","score":0.5681776404380798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/camera-resectioning","display_name":"Camera resectioning","score":0.4901795983314514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-graphics","display_name":"Computer graphics (images)","score":0.4469793438911438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operability","display_name":"Operability","score":0.4402744174003601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/magnification","display_name":"Magnification","score":0.4256956875324249},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lens","display_name":"Lens (geology)","score":0.15937337279319763},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.0701102614402771}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8024423122406006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124913957","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1232548","display_name":"Zoom","level":3,"score":0.7374359369277954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.736687421798706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.7299599051475525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777750367","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q220310","display_name":"Zoom lens","level":4,"score":0.6635445952415466},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779844322","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2919140","display_name":"Tilt (camera)","level":2,"score":0.5701252222061157},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165838908","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q736777","display_name":"Calibration","level":2,"score":0.5681776404380798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110898773","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2933935","display_name":"Camera resectioning","level":2,"score":0.4901795983314514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121684516","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7600677","display_name":"Computer graphics (images)","level":1,"score":0.4469793438911438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126231374","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1061298","display_name":"Operability","level":2,"score":0.4402744174003601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4144372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q675287","display_name":"Magnification","level":2,"score":0.4256956875324249},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15336307","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1766051","display_name":"Lens (geology)","level":2,"score":0.15937337279319763},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0701102614402771},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78762247","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1273174","display_name":"Petroleum engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115903868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80993","display_name":"Software engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2020.3017238","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3017238","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8948470/09169866.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:9c2a62f1793d44a0853e65aee54cdb6d","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/9c2a62f1793d44a0853e65aee54cdb6d","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 8, Pp 153993-154006 (2020)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2020.3017238","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3017238","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8948470/09169866.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3070197474.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3070197474.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":26,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W87761020","https://openalex.org/W651016110","https://openalex.org/W1972874706","https://openalex.org/W1988514653","https://openalex.org/W1988874269","https://openalex.org/W2033819227","https://openalex.org/W2082012795","https://openalex.org/W2087070363","https://openalex.org/W2109484429","https://openalex.org/W2119568445","https://openalex.org/W2124535811","https://openalex.org/W2128019145","https://openalex.org/W2130934601","https://openalex.org/W2138554385","https://openalex.org/W2139179951","https://openalex.org/W2151290401","https://openalex.org/W2156598602","https://openalex.org/W2167667767","https://openalex.org/W2167916881","https://openalex.org/W2256578114","https://openalex.org/W2609760072","https://openalex.org/W2965402482","https://openalex.org/W3149650054","https://openalex.org/W6603565223","https://openalex.org/W6670655826","https://openalex.org/W6996748414"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2334732668","https://openalex.org/W2330044642","https://openalex.org/W2034737337","https://openalex.org/W1987710810","https://openalex.org/W2377719748","https://openalex.org/W1991484907","https://openalex.org/W2033593095","https://openalex.org/W2080115041","https://openalex.org/W4310987253","https://openalex.org/W2364947136"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0,133,151],"aim":[1],"to":[2,50,155],"realize":[3],"novel":[4],"services":[5],"for":[6,55,108,121,131],"live":[7,56,157],"broadcasts,":[8],"including":[9],"visualizing":[10],"the":[11,61,71,74,86,94,97,105,135,138],"3D":[12],"position":[13],"of":[14,126,137],"a":[15,25,33,109,127,156],"subject,":[16],"using":[17,85],"multiple":[18,52],"pan-tilt-zoom":[19,35],"(PTZ)":[20],"cameras.":[21],"For":[22],"this":[23],"purpose,":[24],"camera":[26,63,77,98,129],"calibration":[27,130],"technique":[28],"with":[29],"high":[30,38,122],"accuracy":[31],"over":[32],"wide":[34],"range":[36],"and":[37,47,65,89,118,124,148],"operability":[39],"is":[40],"required.":[41],"Herein,":[42],"we":[43],"propose":[44],"an":[45],"accurate":[46,76],"practical":[48],"method":[49,59,102,140],"calibrate":[51],"PTZ":[53,62],"cameras":[54],"broadcasts.":[57],"This":[58],"models":[60],"system":[64],"accurately":[66,103],"pre-estimates":[67],"unknown":[68,106],"parameters":[69,78,107],"in":[70,82,96],"model.":[72],"After":[73],"pre-estimation,":[75],"can":[79],"be":[80],"calculated":[81],"real":[83,149],"time":[84],"pan-tilt":[87],"angles":[88],"zoom":[90,111],"values":[91],"acquired":[92],"from":[93],"sensors":[95],"system.":[99,160],"The":[100],"proposed":[101,139],"estimates":[104],"high-magnification":[110],"lens":[112],"by":[113,141],"making":[114],"repeated":[115],"initial":[116],"guesses":[117],"nonlinear":[119],"optimizations":[120],"accuracy,":[123],"consists":[125],"two-stage":[128],"operability.":[132],"demonstrated":[134],"effectiveness":[136],"conducting":[142],"experiments":[143],"on":[144],"computer":[145],"graphics":[146,159],"data":[147],"data.":[150],"also":[152],"applied":[153],"it":[154],"sports":[158]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}