{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3079979752","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3017097","title":"Reliable and Low-Complexity Chirp Spread Spectrum-Based Aerial Acoustic Communication","display_name":"Reliable and Low-Complexity Chirp Spread Spectrum-Based Aerial Acoustic Communication","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3079979752","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3017097","mag":"3079979752"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2020.3017097","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3017097","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8948470/09169634.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8948470/09169634.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050362889","display_name":"Jihwan Lee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0814-7256"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139264467","display_name":"Seoul National University","ror":"https://ror.org/04h9pn542","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139264467"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210164379","display_name":"Seoul Media Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04ywg4h07","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210164379"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jihwan Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering (ECE), Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea","Institute of New Media and Communications (INMC), Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0814-7256","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering (ECE), Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139264467"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of New Media and Communications (INMC), Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210164379","https://openalex.org/I139264467"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111643249","display_name":"Chulyoung Kwak","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139264467","display_name":"Seoul National University","ror":"https://ror.org/04h9pn542","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139264467"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210164379","display_name":"Seoul Media Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04ywg4h07","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210164379"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chulyoung Kwak","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering (ECE), Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea","Institute of New Media and Communications (INMC), Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering (ECE), Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139264467"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of New Media and Communications (INMC), Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210164379","https://openalex.org/I139264467"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101783372","display_name":"Seongwon Kim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7085-1316"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Seongwon Kim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Vision AI Labs, SK Telecom, Seoul, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7085-1316","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Vision AI Labs, SK Telecom, Seoul, South Korea","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040786910","display_name":"Saewoong Bahk","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4771-3927"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139264467","display_name":"Seoul National University","ror":"https://ror.org/04h9pn542","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139264467"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210164379","display_name":"Seoul Media Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04ywg4h07","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210164379"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Saewoong Bahk","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering (ECE), Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea","Institute of New Media and Communications (INMC), Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4771-3927","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering (ECE), Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139264467"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of New Media and Communications (INMC), Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210164379","https://openalex.org/I139264467"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5050362889"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139264467","https://openalex.org/I4210164379"],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":0.9049,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":8,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.73919049,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"8","issue":null,"first_page":"151589","last_page":"151601"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11192","display_name":"Underwater Vehicles and Communication Systems","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2212","display_name":"Ocean Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11192","display_name":"Underwater Vehicles and Communication Systems","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2212","display_name":"Ocean Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10326","display_name":"Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13121","display_name":"Radio Wave Propagation Studies","score":0.9951000213623047,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7729901671409607},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/demodulation","display_name":"Demodulation","score":0.7729784846305847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chirp","display_name":"Chirp","score":0.7038016319274902},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/frame","display_name":"Frame (networking)","score":0.5690518021583557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chirp-spread-spectrum","display_name":"Chirp spread spectrum","score":0.5665506720542908},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fading","display_name":"Fading","score":0.5012199878692627},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multipath-propagation","display_name":"Multipath propagation","score":0.48889580368995667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.4282868802547455},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/noise","display_name":"Noise (video)","score":0.4239664077758789},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reliability","display_name":"Reliability (semiconductor)","score":0.41988301277160645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.3956909477710724},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spread-spectrum","display_name":"Spread spectrum","score":0.3745373487472534},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power","display_name":"Power (physics)","score":0.34679898619651794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.3394777178764343},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/decoding-methods","display_name":"Decoding methods","score":0.27724170684814453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.207412987947464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/direct-sequence-spread-spectrum","display_name":"Direct-sequence spread spectrum","score":0.1772623360157013},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.14569082856178284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.1396787464618683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.08405542373657227}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7729901671409607},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195251586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1185939","display_name":"Demodulation","level":3,"score":0.7729784846305847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132794960","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q27304","display_name":"Chirp","level":3,"score":0.7038016319274902},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126042441","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1324888","display_name":"Frame (networking)","level":2,"score":0.5690518021583557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105152959","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1074780","display_name":"Chirp spread spectrum","level":5,"score":0.5665506720542908},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81978471","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1196572","display_name":"Fading","level":3,"score":0.5012199878692627},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161218011","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11827794","display_name":"Multipath propagation","level":3,"score":0.48889580368995667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.4282868802547455},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99498987","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2210247","display_name":"Noise (video)","level":3,"score":0.4239664077758789},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43214815","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7310987","display_name":"Reliability (semiconductor)","level":3,"score":0.41988301277160645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.3956909477710724},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105344744","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q958957","display_name":"Spread spectrum","level":3,"score":0.3745373487472534},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.34679898619651794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.3394777178764343},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57273362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q576722","display_name":"Decoding methods","level":2,"score":0.27724170684814453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.207412987947464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194491627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1334354","display_name":"Direct-sequence spread spectrum","level":4,"score":0.1772623360157013},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.14569082856178284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.1396787464618683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.08405542373657227},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C520434653","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q38867","display_name":"Laser","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2020.3017097","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3017097","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8948470/09169634.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:d2a653edf02a47a0b3a61e5b4048c468","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/d2a653edf02a47a0b3a61e5b4048c468","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 8, Pp 151589-151601 (2020)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2020.3017097","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3017097","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8948470/09169634.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","score":0.5099999904632568,"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1519377014","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2017R1E1A1A01074358","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322120","funder_display_name":"National Research Foundation of Korea"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3758033196","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2017R1E1A1A01074358","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320328359","funder_display_name":"Ministry of Science and ICT, South Korea"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320671","display_name":"National Research Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/05s0g1g46"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322120","display_name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","ror":"https://ror.org/013aysd81"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320328359","display_name":"Ministry of Science and ICT, South Korea","ror":"https://ror.org/01wpjm123"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3079979752.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3079979752.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":22,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1513586130","https://openalex.org/W1513603309","https://openalex.org/W1964994322","https://openalex.org/W1966347753","https://openalex.org/W1974919553","https://openalex.org/W2046994278","https://openalex.org/W2100825458","https://openalex.org/W2103781224","https://openalex.org/W2142003017","https://openalex.org/W2170458454","https://openalex.org/W2523919122","https://openalex.org/W2524232494","https://openalex.org/W2610755075","https://openalex.org/W2888270738","https://openalex.org/W2908701873","https://openalex.org/W2917403699","https://openalex.org/W2962789418","https://openalex.org/W2971573469","https://openalex.org/W3163643315","https://openalex.org/W4231129875","https://openalex.org/W6630830844","https://openalex.org/W6757770535"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2317297318","https://openalex.org/W2155641694","https://openalex.org/W2972564959","https://openalex.org/W4281254370","https://openalex.org/W2065883652","https://openalex.org/W2997759100","https://openalex.org/W2053751710","https://openalex.org/W4391741986","https://openalex.org/W2537897891","https://openalex.org/W3169999368"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Aerial":[0],"acoustic":[1,50,122],"communication":[2],"(AAC)":[3],"has":[4,41],"been":[5],"developed":[6],"for":[7],"a":[8,84,103,177],"variety":[9],"of":[10,18,22,56,75,78,98,115,175,209,227],"Internet-of-things":[11],"(IoT)":[12],"applications,":[13],"thanks":[14],"to":[15,45,71,87,93,111,154,162,188,197,207,219],"the":[16,89,95,113,126,146,156,173,199,213],"merit":[17],"embedding":[19],"small":[20],"amounts":[21],"data":[23],"directly":[24],"into":[25],"audio":[26,76],"contents":[27],"and":[28,52,66,118,142,149,165,223],"transmitting":[29],"them":[30],"through":[31],"commercial":[32],"off-the-shelf":[33],"(COTS)":[34],"devices":[35,229],"without":[36,107],"additional":[37],"infrastructure.":[38],"However,":[39],"AAC":[40],"clear":[42],"limitations":[43],"due":[44],"ambient":[46,119],"noise,":[47],"severely":[48],"frequency-selective":[49],"channels,":[51],"high":[53,221],"power":[54,96,203,225],"consumption":[55,97,204,226],"COTS":[57,79,99,228],"devices.":[58,80,100],"We":[59,81,101],"adopt":[60],"chirp":[61],"spread":[62],"spectrum":[63],"(CSS)":[64],"modulation":[65],"design":[67],"new":[68],"quaternary":[69],"symbols":[70,148,201],"overcome":[72],"frequency":[73],"selectivity":[74],"interfaces":[77],"also":[82],"develop":[83],"computation-efficient":[85],"method":[86,152,196],"demodulate":[88,198],"proposed":[90,127,147,200],"symbols,":[91],"aiming":[92],"reduce":[94],"employ":[102],"frame":[104,150,157,170,178],"combining":[105,151,171],"technique":[106],"increasing":[108],"computational":[109],"complexity,":[110],"mitigate":[112],"effects":[114],"multipath":[116],"fading":[117],"noise":[120],"in":[121,136,191,230],"channels.":[123],"To":[124],"evaluate":[125],"methods,":[128],"we":[129],"conduct":[130],"extensive":[131],"experiments":[132],"with":[133],"several":[134],"smartphones":[135],"various":[137],"environments.":[138],"The":[139,169,195],"experimental":[140],"results":[141],"evaluation":[143],"demonstrate":[144],"that":[145],"contribute":[153],"improving":[155],"reception":[158],"ratio":[159],"by":[160,186,205],"up":[161,187],"59.8%p":[163],"(267.9%)":[164],"14%p":[166],"(84.3%),":[167],"respectively.":[168],"increases":[172],"possibility":[174],"receiving":[176],"within":[179],"two":[180],"attempts":[181],"at":[182],"extremely":[183],"low":[184,224],"SNR,":[185],"107.9%,":[189],"resulting":[190],"reduced":[192],"excessive":[193],"delay.":[194],"lowers":[202],"tens":[206],"hundreds":[208],"milliwatts,":[210],"depending":[211],"on":[212],"device.":[214],"Our":[215],"proposal":[216],"significantly":[217],"helps":[218],"achieve":[220],"reliability":[222],"AAC.":[231]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-05-06T08:25:59.206177","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}