{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3047595610","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3013762","title":"Aggregation of EVs for Primary Frequency Control of an Industrial Microgrid by Implementing Grid Regulation & Charger Controller","display_name":"Aggregation of EVs for Primary Frequency Control of an Industrial Microgrid by Implementing Grid Regulation & Charger Controller","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3047595610","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3013762","mag":"3047595610"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2020.3013762","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3013762","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8948470/09154384.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8948470/09154384.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034405621","display_name":"Sheeraz Iqbal","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3224-1883"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I146840658","display_name":"University of Azad Jammu and Kashmir","ror":"https://ror.org/015566d55","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I146840658"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I153473198","display_name":"North China Electric Power University","ror":"https://ror.org/04qr5t414","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I153473198"]}],"countries":["CN","PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sheeraz Iqbal","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, The University of Azad Jammu & Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Pakistan","State Key Laboratory of Alternate Electrical Power System with Renewable Energy Source, North China Electric Power University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3224-1883","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, The University of Azad Jammu & Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I146840658"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Alternate Electrical Power System with Renewable Energy Source, North China Electric Power University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I153473198"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061734822","display_name":"Xin Ai","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7479-358X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I153473198","display_name":"North China Electric Power University","ror":"https://ror.org/04qr5t414","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I153473198"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ai Xin","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Alternate Electrical Power System with Renewable Energy Source, North China Electric Power University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7479-358X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Alternate Electrical Power System with Renewable Energy Source, North China Electric Power University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I153473198"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018026578","display_name":"Mishkat Ullah Jan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2519-4537"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I153473198","display_name":"North China Electric Power University","ror":"https://ror.org/04qr5t414","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I153473198"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mishkat Ullah Jan","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Alternate Electrical Power System with Renewable Energy Source, North China Electric Power University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2519-4537","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Alternate Electrical Power System with Renewable Energy Source, North China Electric Power University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I153473198"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063835266","display_name":"Mohamed Abdelkarim Abdelbaky","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9756-503X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145487455","display_name":"Cairo University","ror":"https://ror.org/03q21mh05","country_code":"EG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145487455"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I153473198","display_name":"North China Electric Power University","ror":"https://ror.org/04qr5t414","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I153473198"]}],"countries":["CN","EG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mohamed Abdelkarim Abdelbaky","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Power and Machines, Faculty of Engineering, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt","State Key Laboratory of Alternate Electrical Power System with Renewable Energy Source, North China Electric Power University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9756-503X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Power and Machines, Faculty of Engineering, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145487455"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Alternate Electrical Power System with Renewable Energy Source, North China Electric Power University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I153473198"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031693707","display_name":"Haseeb Ur Rehman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3272-2967"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I153473198","display_name":"North China Electric Power University","ror":"https://ror.org/04qr5t414","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I153473198"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Haseeb Ur Rehman","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Alternate Electrical Power System with Renewable Energy Source, North China Electric Power University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3272-2967","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Alternate Electrical Power System with Renewable Energy Source, North China Electric Power University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I153473198"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100694236","display_name":"Salman Salman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8343-7720"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I153473198","display_name":"North China Electric Power University","ror":"https://ror.org/04qr5t414","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I153473198"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Salman Salman","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Alternate Electrical Power System with Renewable Energy Source, North China Electric Power University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8343-7720","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Alternate Electrical Power System with Renewable Energy Source, North China Electric Power University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I153473198"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102785173","display_name":"Syed Asad Abbas Rizvi","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I153473198","display_name":"North China Electric Power University","ror":"https://ror.org/04qr5t414","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I153473198"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Syed Asad Abbas Rizvi","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Alternate Electrical Power System with Renewable Energy Source, North China Electric Power University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7928-9753","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Alternate Electrical Power System with Renewable Energy Source, North China Electric Power University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I153473198"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055539767","display_name":"Muhammad Aurangzeb","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I153473198","display_name":"North China Electric Power University","ror":"https://ror.org/04qr5t414","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I153473198"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Muhammad Aurangzeb","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Alternate Electrical Power System with Renewable Energy Source, North China Electric Power University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4958-939X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Alternate Electrical Power System with Renewable Energy Source, North China Electric Power University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I153473198"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":4.4607,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":80,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94700628,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"8","issue":null,"first_page":"141977","last_page":"141989"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10663","display_name":"Advanced Battery Technologies Research","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10663","display_name":"Advanced Battery Technologies Research","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10768","display_name":"Electric Vehicles and Infrastructure","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10223","display_name":"Microgrid Control and Optimization","score":0.9969000220298767,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microgrid","display_name":"Microgrid","score":0.9471796154975891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/automotive-engineering","display_name":"Automotive engineering","score":0.649040699005127},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/controller","display_name":"Controller (irrigation)","score":0.6446822285652161},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/automatic-frequency-control","display_name":"Automatic frequency control","score":0.6001535654067993},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/grid","display_name":"Grid","score":0.5003974437713623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/diesel-generator","display_name":"Diesel generator","score":0.4950806200504303},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vehicle-to-grid","display_name":"Vehicle-to-grid","score":0.47674545645713806},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4758864641189575},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electric-vehicle","display_name":"Electric vehicle","score":0.47474151849746704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/state-of-charge","display_name":"State of charge","score":0.4496300518512726},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/renewable-energy","display_name":"Renewable energy","score":0.37906184792518616},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.33350515365600586},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power","display_name":"Power (physics)","score":0.2897128462791443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.2512262463569641},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/battery","display_name":"Battery (electricity)","score":0.2034861147403717},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/diesel-fuel","display_name":"Diesel fuel","score":0.19412854313850403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.15602260828018188}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776784348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5762595","display_name":"Microgrid","level":3,"score":0.9471796154975891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171146098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q124192","display_name":"Automotive engineering","level":1,"score":0.649040699005127},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203479927","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165939","display_name":"Controller (irrigation)","level":2,"score":0.6446822285652161},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C25915539","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q220786","display_name":"Automatic frequency control","level":2,"score":0.6001535654067993},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187691185","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2020720","display_name":"Grid","level":2,"score":0.5003974437713623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776301318","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q963375","display_name":"Diesel generator","level":3,"score":0.4950806200504303},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780068603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1783938","display_name":"Vehicle-to-grid","level":4,"score":0.47674545645713806},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4758864641189575},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776422217","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13629441","display_name":"Electric vehicle","level":3,"score":0.47474151849746704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776582896","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5368536","display_name":"State of charge","level":4,"score":0.4496300518512726},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188573790","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12705","display_name":"Renewable energy","level":2,"score":0.37906184792518616},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.33350515365600586},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.2897128462791443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.2512262463569641},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555008776","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q267298","display_name":"Battery (electricity)","level":3,"score":0.2034861147403717},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138171918","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q38423","display_name":"Diesel fuel","level":2,"score":0.19412854313850403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.15602260828018188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6557445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173113","display_name":"Agronomy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2020.3013762","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3013762","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8948470/09154384.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:ece9126c8ba944bd8b527921d5194b5f","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/ece9126c8ba944bd8b527921d5194b5f","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 8, Pp 141977-141989 (2020)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2020.3013762","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3013762","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8948470/09154384.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.5400000214576721,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3217626559","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"3182037","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322919","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Beijing Municipality"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322919","display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Beijing Municipality","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3047595610.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3047595610.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":37,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1766022548","https://openalex.org/W1998062017","https://openalex.org/W2295790817","https://openalex.org/W2297973253","https://openalex.org/W2522769817","https://openalex.org/W2537476102","https://openalex.org/W2550088749","https://openalex.org/W2559496731","https://openalex.org/W2559676656","https://openalex.org/W2570892890","https://openalex.org/W2606807868","https://openalex.org/W2748683264","https://openalex.org/W2756959074","https://openalex.org/W2757171046","https://openalex.org/W2757802645","https://openalex.org/W2769352245","https://openalex.org/W2790353494","https://openalex.org/W2801950616","https://openalex.org/W2802107698","https://openalex.org/W2802552575","https://openalex.org/W2909105183","https://openalex.org/W2947869689","https://openalex.org/W2951873863","https://openalex.org/W2955122533","https://openalex.org/W2955887724","https://openalex.org/W2964866678","https://openalex.org/W2972999699","https://openalex.org/W3003303990","https://openalex.org/W3006903720","https://openalex.org/W3013752262","https://openalex.org/W3015369996","https://openalex.org/W3021400463","https://openalex.org/W3022198667","https://openalex.org/W3036957102","https://openalex.org/W3170914451","https://openalex.org/W4240404370","https://openalex.org/W6796858603"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2906473348","https://openalex.org/W2532566870","https://openalex.org/W4220876800","https://openalex.org/W4210475462","https://openalex.org/W3005622763","https://openalex.org/W2076021085","https://openalex.org/W1584319684","https://openalex.org/W2061539888","https://openalex.org/W3006223230","https://openalex.org/W2424479016"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"After":[0],"nearly":[1],"a":[2,67,113,146],"century":[3],"with":[4,211,229],"internal":[5],"combustion":[6],"engines":[7],"dominating":[8],"the":[9,21,54,79,153,182,185,188],"transportation":[10],"sector,":[11],"it":[12],"now":[13],"appears":[14],"that":[15,139,152,175],"electric":[16,109,117,121,179,221],"vehicles":[17,118,180,222],"(EVs)":[18],"are":[19,64,98,235,239],"on":[20],"brink":[22],"of":[23,81,106,108,116,161,190],"enjoying":[24],"rapid":[25],"development":[26],"due":[27],"to":[28,74,164,197],"numerous":[29],"useful":[30],"features":[31,73],"they":[32],"possess,":[33],"such":[34],"as":[35,46,48,50,57,66],"less":[36],"operational":[37],"cost":[38],"and":[39,85,95,112,218,225,237],"reduced":[40],"carbon":[41],"emissions.":[42],"EVs":[43,63],"can":[44,131,194],"act":[45],"load":[47,227],"well":[49],"source,":[51],"by":[52,100,176,241],"utilizing":[53],"technique":[55,61,70],"known":[56],"Vehicle-to-Grid":[58],"(or":[59],"Grid-to-Vehicle":[60],"if":[62],"used":[65],"load).":[68],"This":[69],"adds":[71],"key":[72],"an":[75,120,140,165,191,208],"industrial":[76,141,166,192,209,224],"microgrid":[77,142,167,193,210],"in":[78,119,159,181,204],"form":[80],"primary":[82,133],"frequency":[83,134,162,189],"control":[84,135],"congestion":[86],"management.":[87],"In":[88],"this":[89,205],"paper,":[90],"two":[91],"controllers":[92,125,155],"(grid":[93],"regulation":[94,163],"charger":[96],"controller)":[97],"proposed":[99,154],"considering":[101],"different":[102,137],"charging":[103],"profiles,":[104],"state":[105],"charge":[107],"vehicle":[110,122],"batteries,":[111],"varying":[114],"number":[115],"fleet.":[123],"These":[124,232],"provide":[126,132,156],"bidirectional":[127],"power":[128],"flow,":[129],"which":[130],"during":[136,145,168,184],"contingencies":[138],"may":[143],"face":[144],"24-hour":[147],"period.":[148],"Simulation":[149],"results":[150,172,238],"prove":[151],"reliable":[157],"support":[158],"terms":[160],"contingencies.":[169],"Furthermore,":[170],"simulation":[171],"also":[173],"depict":[174],"adding":[177],"more":[178],"fleet":[183],"vehicle-to-grid":[186],"mode,":[187],"be":[195],"improved":[196],"even":[198],"better":[199],"levels.":[200],"Different":[201],"case":[202],"studies":[203],"article":[206],"constitute":[207],"varied":[212],"distributed":[213],"energy":[214],"resources":[215],"(i.e.":[216],"solar":[217],"wind":[219],"farm),":[220],"fleet,":[223],"residential":[226],"along":[228],"diesel":[230],"generator.":[231],"test":[233],"cases":[234],"simulated":[236],"analyzed":[240],"using":[242],"MATLAB/SIMULINK.":[243]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":19},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":19},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2020-08-10T00:00:00"}