{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3046830162","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3013144","title":"An Enhanced Delivery Route Operational Planning Model for Electric Vehicles","display_name":"An Enhanced Delivery Route Operational Planning Model for Electric Vehicles","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3046830162","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3013144","mag":"3046830162"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2020.3013144","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3013144","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8948470/09152993.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8948470/09152993.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053580291","display_name":"Pablo Diaz-Cachinero","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6367-2099"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79189158","display_name":"University of Castilla-La Mancha","ror":"https://ror.org/05r78ng12","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79189158"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pablo Diaz-Cachinero","raw_affiliation_strings":["Power and Energy Analysis and Research Laboratory, Escuela T\u00e9cnica Superior de Ingenier\u00eda Industrial, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Albacete, Spain"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6367-2099","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Power and Energy Analysis and Research Laboratory, Escuela T\u00e9cnica Superior de Ingenier\u00eda Industrial, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Albacete, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79189158"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050048059","display_name":"Jos\u00e9 Ignacio Mu\u00f1oz-Hern\u00e1ndez","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5245-8214"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79189158","display_name":"University of Castilla-La Mancha","ror":"https://ror.org/05r78ng12","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79189158"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jose Ignacio Munoz-Hernandez","raw_affiliation_strings":["Power and Energy Analysis and Research Laboratory, Escuela T\u00e9cnica Superior de Ingenieros Industriales, University of Castilla-La Mancha\u2013Albacete, Albacete, Spain"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5245-8214","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Power and Energy Analysis and Research Laboratory, Escuela T\u00e9cnica Superior de Ingenieros Industriales, University of Castilla-La Mancha\u2013Albacete, Albacete, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79189158"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016740616","display_name":"Javier Contreras","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9395-3964"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79189158","display_name":"University of Castilla-La Mancha","ror":"https://ror.org/05r78ng12","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79189158"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Javier Contreras","raw_affiliation_strings":["Power and Energy Analysis and Research Laboratory, Escuela T\u00e9cnica Superior de Ingenier\u00eda Industrial, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Albacete, Spain"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9395-3964","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Power and Energy Analysis and Research Laboratory, Escuela T\u00e9cnica Superior de Ingenier\u00eda Industrial, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Albacete, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79189158"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056115252","display_name":"Gregorio Mu\u00f1oz-Delgado","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0300-1183"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79189158","display_name":"University of Castilla-La Mancha","ror":"https://ror.org/05r78ng12","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79189158"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gregorio Munoz-Delgado","raw_affiliation_strings":["Power and Energy Analysis and Research Laboratory, Escuela T\u00e9cnica Superior de Ingenier\u00eda Industrial, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Albacete, Spain"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0300-1183","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Power and Energy Analysis and Research Laboratory, Escuela T\u00e9cnica Superior de Ingenier\u00eda Industrial, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Albacete, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79189158"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79189158"],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":0.8325,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":12,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.72929056,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"8","issue":null,"first_page":"141762","last_page":"141776"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10768","display_name":"Electric Vehicles and Infrastructure","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10768","display_name":"Electric Vehicles and Infrastructure","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12095","display_name":"Vehicle emissions and performance","score":0.9987999796867371,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10663","display_name":"Advanced Battery Technologies Research","score":0.9983999729156494,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7130508422851562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intersection","display_name":"Intersection (aeronautics)","score":0.6040974259376526},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/integer-programming","display_name":"Integer programming","score":0.48519018292427063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.4474393129348755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.44245627522468567},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linear-programming","display_name":"Linear programming","score":0.43239712715148926},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy-consumption","display_name":"Energy consumption","score":0.41697239875793457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operations-research","display_name":"Operations research","score":0.3778170347213745},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transport-engineering","display_name":"Transport engineering","score":0.32176339626312256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.16642239689826965}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7130508422851562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C64543145","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162942","display_name":"Intersection (aeronautics)","level":2,"score":0.6040974259376526},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56086750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6042592","display_name":"Integer programming","level":2,"score":0.48519018292427063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.4474393129348755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.44245627522468567},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41045048","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q202843","display_name":"Linear programming","level":2,"score":0.43239712715148926},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780165032","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16869822","display_name":"Energy consumption","level":2,"score":0.41697239875793457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42475967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q194292","display_name":"Operations research","level":1,"score":0.3778170347213745},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22212356","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q775325","display_name":"Transport engineering","level":1,"score":0.32176339626312256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.16642239689826965},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2020.3013144","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3013144","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8948470/09152993.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:82f09b3cdedb47cba9834d535350f786","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/82f09b3cdedb47cba9834d535350f786","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 8, Pp 141762-141776 (2020)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2020.3013144","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3013144","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8948470/09152993.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2519125225","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"RTI2018-098703-B-I00","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320315062","funder_display_name":"Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovaci\u00f3n y Universidades"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4105728883","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2020-GRIN-29009","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324466","funder_display_name":"Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4716453174","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"RTI2018-096108-A-I00","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320315062","funder_display_name":"Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovaci\u00f3n y Universidades"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6298273575","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"RTI2018","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335322","funder_display_name":"European Regional Development Fund"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6511453096","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"RTI2018-096108-A-I00","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335598","funder_display_name":"Agencia Estatal de Investigaci\u00f3n"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8181105605","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"RTI2018","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320315062","funder_display_name":"Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovaci\u00f3n y Universidades"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320315062","display_name":"Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovaci\u00f3n y Universidades","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324466","display_name":"Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha","ror":"https://ror.org/05r78ng12"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335322","display_name":"European Regional Development Fund","ror":"https://ror.org/00k4n6c32"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335598","display_name":"Agencia Estatal de Investigaci\u00f3n","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3046830162.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3046830162.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":33,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1546461095","https://openalex.org/W1987277649","https://openalex.org/W2008616853","https://openalex.org/W2013227046","https://openalex.org/W2056375546","https://openalex.org/W2092609753","https://openalex.org/W2094764575","https://openalex.org/W2105439246","https://openalex.org/W2151643863","https://openalex.org/W2297616933","https://openalex.org/W2525994412","https://openalex.org/W2591346622","https://openalex.org/W2593704234","https://openalex.org/W2612363927","https://openalex.org/W2613389393","https://openalex.org/W2694510882","https://openalex.org/W2764039295","https://openalex.org/W2769021820","https://openalex.org/W2770271559","https://openalex.org/W2793754202","https://openalex.org/W2804944297","https://openalex.org/W2810661602","https://openalex.org/W2865164744","https://openalex.org/W2920660777","https://openalex.org/W2964233842","https://openalex.org/W2971215447","https://openalex.org/W2982557718","https://openalex.org/W2998681400","https://openalex.org/W3004825906","https://openalex.org/W3016662199","https://openalex.org/W3145128584","https://openalex.org/W4238484605","https://openalex.org/W4246219036"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2348909947","https://openalex.org/W4292672442","https://openalex.org/W2362101859","https://openalex.org/W2791431590","https://openalex.org/W4285278887","https://openalex.org/W2365237642","https://openalex.org/W2995925505","https://openalex.org/W2773399470","https://openalex.org/W3116484972","https://openalex.org/W2941986668"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,150,178,192,211],"recent":[1],"incorporation":[2],"of":[3,17,27,34,51,55,85,123,132,157,160,169,172,187,222,233,242],"Electric":[4],"Vehicles":[5],"(EVs)":[6],"in":[7,20,45,61,155,196,240],"the":[8,15,25,32,52,81,117,121,133,137,167,175,197,205,231,234,243,250],"worldwide":[9],"delivery":[10,59,62,108,118,227],"vehicle":[11],"fleet":[12,88],"has":[13],"increased":[14],"importance":[16],"their":[18],"operation":[19],"road":[21],"networks.":[22],"In":[23],"particular,":[24],"growth":[26],"electronic":[28],"commerce,":[29],"while":[30],"promoting":[31],"use":[33],"non-polluting":[35],"energy":[36,245],"sources,":[37],"will":[38],"make":[39],"EVs":[40,56,124,142],"play":[41],"an":[42,48,75,86,185],"important":[43],"role":[44],"cities.":[46],"Thus,":[47],"accurate":[49],"characterization":[50],"technical":[53,90],"aspects":[54],"and":[57,83,91,100,105,110,120,162,174,202,209,226,246],"parcel":[58],"requirements":[60],"route":[63,82],"operational":[64,77],"planning":[65,78],"models":[66],"is":[67,153,182,194,213],"required.":[68],"To":[69],"that":[70],"end,":[71],"this":[72],"paper":[73],"presents":[74],"enhanced":[76],"model":[79,152,193,212],"for":[80,107],"charging":[84,224],"EV":[87],"considering":[89],"economic":[92],"real-world":[93],"constraints,":[94],"such":[95],"as":[96,184],"battery":[97],"degradation,":[98],"acceleration-":[99],"speed-dependent":[101],"power":[102],"consumption,":[103],"tolls":[104],"penalty":[106],"delay":[109],"non-fulfillment.":[111],"Moreover,":[112],"unlike":[113],"some":[114],"previous":[115],"works,":[116],"allocation":[119],"number":[122],"used":[125],"are":[126],"not":[127],"predetermined,":[128],"being":[129],"rather":[130],"outcomes":[131],"optimization":[134,180],"process.":[135],"Additionally,":[136],"Proposed":[138],"Approach":[139],"(PA)":[140],"allows":[141],"to":[143],"pass":[144],"through":[145],"intersections":[146],"more":[147],"than":[148],"once.":[149],"proposed":[151],"formulated":[154],"terms":[156,241],"a":[158],"series":[159],"intersection-":[161],"path-related":[163],"decision":[164],"variables,":[165],"characterizing":[166],"State":[168],"Charge":[170],"(SOC)":[171],"batteries":[173],"navigation":[176],"time.":[177],"resulting":[179,251],"problem":[181],"cast":[183],"instance":[186],"Mixed-Integer":[188],"Linear":[189],"Programming":[190],"(MILP).":[191],"implemented":[195],"mathematical":[198],"programming":[199],"language":[200],"GAMS":[201],"solved":[203],"using":[204],"commercial":[206],"solvers":[207],"CPLEX":[208],"ODH-CPLEX.":[210],"tested":[214],"on":[215],"two":[216],"intersection":[217],"maps,":[218],"including":[219],"different":[220],"types":[221],"roads,":[223],"rates":[225],"points.":[228],"Results":[229],"show":[230],"effectiveness":[232],"PA":[235],"over":[236],"previously":[237],"reported":[238],"approaches":[239],"cost,":[244],"time":[247],"associated":[248],"with":[249],"operating":[252],"strategies.":[253]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-26T08:34:08.712188","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}