{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3046051215","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3012582","title":"Deep Neural Network for Estimation of Direction of Arrival With Antenna Array","display_name":"Deep Neural Network for Estimation of Direction of Arrival With Antenna Array","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3046051215","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3012582","mag":"3046051215"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2020.3012582","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3012582","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8948470/09151162.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8948470/09151162.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068898036","display_name":"Min Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5535-4821"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204983213","display_name":"Harbin Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01yqg2h08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204983213"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3045169105","display_name":"Southern University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/049tv2d57","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3045169105"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Min Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China","Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing for IoT, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204983213"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing for IoT, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3045169105"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100687951","display_name":"Yi Gong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7392-8991"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3045169105","display_name":"Southern University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/049tv2d57","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3045169105"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yi Gong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing for IoT, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7392-8991","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing for IoT, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3045169105"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039976190","display_name":"Xingpeng Mao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7905-2262"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204983213","display_name":"Harbin Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01yqg2h08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204983213"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I890469752","display_name":"Ministry of Industry and Information Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/0385nmy68","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I890469752"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xingpeng Mao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Monitoring and Information Processing, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Harbin, China","School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7905-2262","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Monitoring and Information Processing, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Harbin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I890469752"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204983213"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":6.833,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":103,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97819845,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":99,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"8","issue":null,"first_page":"140688","last_page":"140698"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10860","display_name":"Speech and Audio Processing","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10860","display_name":"Speech and Audio Processing","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10931","display_name":"Direction-of-Arrival Estimation Techniques","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10326","display_name":"Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.796369194984436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/direction-of-arrival","display_name":"Direction of arrival","score":0.771511435508728},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.5976420640945435},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antenna","display_name":"Antenna (radio)","score":0.5645376443862915},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/generalization","display_name":"Generalization","score":0.5342328548431396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antenna-array","display_name":"Antenna array","score":0.5338868498802185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/signal","display_name":"SIGNAL (programming language)","score":0.5054264068603516},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rotation","display_name":"Rotation (mathematics)","score":0.4736332297325134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rotational-invariance","display_name":"Rotational invariance","score":0.4718984067440033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.46485862135887146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phase","display_name":"Phase (matter)","score":0.45903801918029785},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.4276214838027954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/angle-of-arrival","display_name":"Angle of arrival","score":0.4272214472293854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.42294472455978394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.4078243374824524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.37685221433639526},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.19676712155342102},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.10610237717628479}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.796369194984436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C172051844","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5280438","display_name":"Direction of arrival","level":3,"score":0.771511435508728},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.5976420640945435},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21822782","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131214","display_name":"Antenna (radio)","level":2,"score":0.5645376443862915},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177148314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170084","display_name":"Generalization","level":2,"score":0.5342328548431396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62191587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4771249","display_name":"Antenna array","level":3,"score":0.5338868498802185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779843651","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7390335","display_name":"SIGNAL (programming language)","level":2,"score":0.5054264068603516},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74050887","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q848368","display_name":"Rotation (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.4736332297325134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33098168","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q108537107","display_name":"Rotational invariance","level":2,"score":0.4718984067440033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.46485862135887146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44280652","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q104837","display_name":"Phase (matter)","level":2,"score":0.45903801918029785},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.4276214838027954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13545353","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4763363","display_name":"Angle of arrival","level":3,"score":0.4272214472293854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.42294472455978394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4078243374824524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.37685221433639526},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.19676712155342102},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.10610237717628479},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2020.3012582","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3012582","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8948470/09151162.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:a674c944f13447dc82efbbb1fd4b321a","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/a674c944f13447dc82efbbb1fd4b321a","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 8, Pp 140688-140698 (2020)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2020.3012582","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3012582","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8948470/09151162.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5167205206","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61831009","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3046051215.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3046051215.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":47,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1834265579","https://openalex.org/W1983600173","https://openalex.org/W2027642854","https://openalex.org/W2048598816","https://openalex.org/W2064959416","https://openalex.org/W2070960269","https://openalex.org/W2071197225","https://openalex.org/W2073729956","https://openalex.org/W2084304524","https://openalex.org/W2091570515","https://openalex.org/W2098650386","https://openalex.org/W2100495367","https://openalex.org/W2102447839","https://openalex.org/W2104266700","https://openalex.org/W2110789499","https://openalex.org/W2113638573","https://openalex.org/W2119534836","https://openalex.org/W2130058948","https://openalex.org/W2132279897","https://openalex.org/W2136922672","https://openalex.org/W2147601077","https://openalex.org/W2149755721","https://openalex.org/W2152524816","https://openalex.org/W2160964786","https://openalex.org/W2162654459","https://openalex.org/W2167694344","https://openalex.org/W2171534329","https://openalex.org/W2271840356","https://openalex.org/W2469797310","https://openalex.org/W2509733445","https://openalex.org/W2727037623","https://openalex.org/W2736402963","https://openalex.org/W2738538347","https://openalex.org/W2768402867","https://openalex.org/W2783034914","https://openalex.org/W2784180017","https://openalex.org/W2794365014","https://openalex.org/W2797462110","https://openalex.org/W2810871807","https://openalex.org/W2886124254","https://openalex.org/W2902909203","https://openalex.org/W2903096411","https://openalex.org/W2949768570","https://openalex.org/W2963190722","https://openalex.org/W2992716901","https://openalex.org/W6694517276","https://openalex.org/W6753132720"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2005070313","https://openalex.org/W2534674033","https://openalex.org/W3145715554","https://openalex.org/W2598167841","https://openalex.org/W2367552329","https://openalex.org/W2114845579","https://openalex.org/W2050134757","https://openalex.org/W2142834316","https://openalex.org/W2783642150","https://openalex.org/W4376608380"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"For":[0],"many":[1],"object":[2],"tracking":[3],"systems,":[4],"how":[5],"to":[6,180],"quickly":[7],"and":[8,82,98,165,184],"efficiently":[9],"estimate":[10],"the":[11,21,39,53,56,67,79,83,92,95,99,102,112,115,134,149,182,187],"direction":[12],"of":[13,16,55,94,101,167,186],"arrival":[14],"(DOA)":[15],"radio":[17],"waves":[18],"impinging":[19],"on":[20,38,122],"antenna":[22],"array":[23],"is":[24,44,63,74,106],"an":[25],"urgent":[26],"task.":[27],"In":[28],"this":[29],"paper,":[30],"a":[31,48],"new":[32],"efficient":[33],"DOA":[34,84,143,156],"estimation":[35,85,144,157,166],"approach":[36,189],"based":[37,121],"deep":[40],"neural":[41],"networks":[42],"(DNN)":[43],"proposed,":[45],"in":[46,108,190],"which":[47],"nonlinear":[49],"mapping":[50],"that":[51,133],"relates":[52],"outputs":[54],"receiving":[57],"antennas":[58],"with":[59],"its":[60],"associated":[61],"DOAs":[62,117],"learned":[64],"by":[65,153],"using":[66],"DNN-based":[68],"network.":[69],"The":[70,174],"novel":[71],"network":[72,89],"architecture":[73],"divided":[75],"into":[76],"two":[77],"phases,":[78],"detection":[80,88],"phase":[81],"phase.":[86,128],"Additional":[87],"dramatically":[90],"reduces":[91],"size":[93],"training":[96,103,113],"set":[97],"process":[100],"data":[104,125],"preparation":[105],"discussed":[107],"detail.":[109],"After":[110],"finishing":[111],"phase,":[114],"corresponding":[116],"can":[118,137],"be":[119],"identified":[120],"current":[123],"input":[124],"during":[126],"testing":[127],"It":[129],"has":[130],"been":[131],"shown":[132],"proposed":[135,188],"method":[136],"not":[138],"only":[139],"achieve":[140],"reasonably":[141],"high":[142],"accuracy,":[145],"but":[146],"also":[147],"reduce":[148],"computational":[150],"complexity":[151],"required":[152],"traditional":[154],"superresolution":[155],"methods":[158],"such":[159],"as":[160],"multiple":[161],"signal":[162,168],"classification":[163],"(MUSIC)":[164],"parameters":[169],"via":[170],"rotation":[171],"invariance":[172],"(ESPRIT).":[173],"computer":[175],"simulation":[176],"results":[177],"are":[178],"performed":[179],"investigate":[181],"generalization":[183],"effectiveness":[185],"different":[191],"scenarios.":[192]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":25},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":22},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":21},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":10}],"updated_date":"2026-07-15T18:14:33.161393","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
