{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3045786036","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3011969","title":"MLP With Riemannian Covariance for Motor Imagery Based EEG Analysis","display_name":"MLP With Riemannian Covariance for Motor Imagery Based EEG Analysis","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3045786036","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3011969","mag":"3045786036"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2020.3011969","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3011969","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3011969","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5114889747","display_name":"Pengpeng Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0662-5517"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I38877650","display_name":"Zhengzhou University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ypx8c21","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I38877650"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210113254","display_name":"Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University","ror":"https://ror.org/026bqfq17","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210113254"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Pengpeng Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Cooperative Innovation Center of Internet Healthcare, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China","School of Information Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China","ORCiD"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cooperative Innovation Center of Internet Healthcare, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210113254"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I38877650"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"ORCiD","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100378702","display_name":"Jing Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3795-4548"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I38877650","display_name":"Zhengzhou University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ypx8c21","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I38877650"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210113254","display_name":"Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University","ror":"https://ror.org/026bqfq17","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210113254"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jing Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Cooperative Innovation Center of Internet Healthcare, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China","School of Information Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China","ORCiD"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cooperative Innovation Center of Internet Healthcare, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210113254"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I38877650"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"ORCiD","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112904863","display_name":"Hongling Zhao","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I38877650","display_name":"Zhengzhou University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ypx8c21","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I38877650"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hongling Zhao","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Distance Learning, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Distance Learning, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I38877650"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101605770","display_name":"Runzhi Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7259-9321"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210113254","display_name":"Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University","ror":"https://ror.org/026bqfq17","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210113254"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Runzhi Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Cooperative Innovation Center of Internet Healthcare, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China","ORCiD"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cooperative Innovation Center of Internet Healthcare, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210113254"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"ORCiD","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5114889747"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I38877650","https://openalex.org/I4210113254"],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":2.4541,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":33,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.89538901,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"8","issue":null,"first_page":"139974","last_page":"139982"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10429","display_name":"EEG and Brain-Computer Interfaces","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10429","display_name":"EEG and Brain-Computer Interfaces","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11601","display_name":"Neuroscience and Neural Engineering","score":0.9916999936103821,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2804","display_name":"Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10502","display_name":"Advanced Memory and Neural Computing","score":0.9851999878883362,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/motor-imagery","display_name":"Motor imagery","score":0.8921963572502136},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/covariance","display_name":"Covariance","score":0.7228327989578247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.694831132888794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electroencephalography","display_name":"Electroencephalography","score":0.6405853033065796},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.585601806640625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-extraction","display_name":"Feature extraction","score":0.5681787729263306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.5629558563232422},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/brain\u2013computer-interface","display_name":"Brain\u2013computer interface","score":0.5249678492546082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-recognition","display_name":"Speech recognition","score":0.3645084500312805},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.1868453323841095},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.15311199426651},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.10842496156692505}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54808283","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6918191","display_name":"Motor imagery","level":4,"score":0.8921963572502136},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178650346","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q201984","display_name":"Covariance","level":2,"score":0.7228327989578247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.694831132888794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C522805319","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179965","display_name":"Electroencephalography","level":2,"score":0.6405853033065796},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.585601806640625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52622490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1026626","display_name":"Feature extraction","level":2,"score":0.5681787729263306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.5629558563232422},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173201364","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q897410","display_name":"Brain\u2013computer interface","level":3,"score":0.5249678492546082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.3645084500312805},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.1868453323841095},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.15311199426651},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.10842496156692505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118552586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7867","display_name":"Psychiatry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2020.3011969","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3011969","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:e93952a674f14dffaf406d789f511c72","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/e93952a674f14dffaf406d789f511c72","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 8, Pp 139974-139982 (2020)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2020.3011969","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3011969","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":40,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1985181029","https://openalex.org/W2008924408","https://openalex.org/W2032236594","https://openalex.org/W2035715639","https://openalex.org/W2036341195","https://openalex.org/W2082070408","https://openalex.org/W2096597330","https://openalex.org/W2132083787","https://openalex.org/W2132360759","https://openalex.org/W2140413964","https://openalex.org/W2150825261","https://openalex.org/W2152863712","https://openalex.org/W2168689324","https://openalex.org/W2295977970","https://openalex.org/W2488953036","https://openalex.org/W2523271418","https://openalex.org/W2549437649","https://openalex.org/W2557301950","https://openalex.org/W2559463885","https://openalex.org/W2604572370","https://openalex.org/W2727490606","https://openalex.org/W2755670908","https://openalex.org/W2767333869","https://openalex.org/W2802723950","https://openalex.org/W2803284897","https://openalex.org/W2848547143","https://openalex.org/W2884236118","https://openalex.org/W2884561390","https://openalex.org/W2890822194","https://openalex.org/W2895717704","https://openalex.org/W2896120927","https://openalex.org/W2900539255","https://openalex.org/W2913374038","https://openalex.org/W2944170161","https://openalex.org/W2951648764","https://openalex.org/W3102455230","https://openalex.org/W6679555981","https://openalex.org/W6697617694","https://openalex.org/W6756018316","https://openalex.org/W6762145435"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1977940006","https://openalex.org/W2887556756","https://openalex.org/W2947925238","https://openalex.org/W195417223","https://openalex.org/W1513407214","https://openalex.org/W1984377984","https://openalex.org/W1961545574","https://openalex.org/W2510077457","https://openalex.org/W3045772920","https://openalex.org/W2047816336"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Stroke":[0],"is":[1,29,44,77],"one":[2],"of":[3,7,14,16,40,95],"the":[4,12],"leading":[5],"causes":[6],"disability":[8],"and":[9,48,103,138],"incidence.":[10],"For":[11],"treatment":[13],"prognosis":[15],"stroke":[17,41],"patients,":[18],"Motor":[19],"imagery":[20,55,127],"(MI)":[21],"as":[22],"a":[23,46,69,85,115],"novel":[24,70],"experimental":[25],"paradigm,":[26],"clinically":[27],"it":[28],"effective":[30],"because":[31],"MI":[32],"based":[33,59],"Brain-Computer":[34],"interface":[35],"system":[36],"can":[37],"promote":[38],"rehabilitation":[39],"patients.":[42],"There":[43],"being":[45],"hot":[47],"challenging":[49],"topic":[50],"to":[51,89],"recognize":[52],"multi-class":[53],"motor":[54,126],"action":[56],"classification":[57],"accurately":[58],"on":[60,110],"electroencephalograph":[61],"(EEG)":[62],"signals.":[63,92],"In":[64],"this":[65],"work,":[66],"we":[67],"propose":[68],"framework":[71],"named":[72],"MRC-MLP.":[73],"Multiple":[74],"Riemannian":[75,108],"covariance":[76,109],"used":[78],"for":[79,125],"EEG":[80,91,128],"feature":[81],"extraction.":[82],"We":[83,101,113],"make":[84],"multi-scale":[86],"spectral":[87],"division":[88],"filter":[90],"They":[93],"consist":[94],"different":[96],"frequency":[97],"bandwidths":[98],"name":[99],"sub-band.":[100,112],"concatenate":[102],"vectorize":[104],"features":[105],"extracted":[106],"by":[107],"each":[111],"design":[114],"fully":[116],"connected":[117],"MLP":[118],"model":[119],"with":[120,143],"an":[121],"improved":[122],"loss":[123],"function":[124],"classification.":[129],"Furthermore,":[130],"our":[131],"proposed":[132],"method":[133],"MRC-MLP":[134],"outperforms":[135],"state-of-the-art":[136],"methods":[137],"achieves":[139],"approximately":[140],"mean":[141],"accuracy":[142],"76%.":[144]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":6}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
