{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3044048717","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3011137","title":"Cross-Certification Towards Distributed Authentication Infrastructure: A Case of Hyperledger Fabric","display_name":"Cross-Certification Towards Distributed Authentication Infrastructure: A Case of Hyperledger Fabric","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3044048717","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3011137","mag":"3044048717"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2020.3011137","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3011137","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8948470/09146165.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8948470/09146165.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039764201","display_name":"Shohei Kakei","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3137-4956"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I197274945","display_name":"Nagoya Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/055yf1005","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I197274945"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shohei Kakei","raw_affiliation_strings":["Nagoya Institute of Technology, Nagoya, Japan","ORCiD"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3137-4956","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Nagoya Institute of Technology, Nagoya, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I197274945"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"ORCiD","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076797774","display_name":"Yoshiaki Shiraishi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8970-9408"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210104143","display_name":"Advanced Telecommunications Research Institute International","ror":"https://ror.org/01pe1d703","country_code":"JP","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210104143"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I65837984","display_name":"Kobe University","ror":"https://ror.org/03tgsfw79","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I65837984"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yoshiaki Shiraishi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Advanced Telecommunications Research Institute International, Kyoto, Japan","Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan","ORCiD"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8970-9408","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Advanced Telecommunications Research Institute International, Kyoto, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210104143"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I65837984"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"ORCiD","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004340267","display_name":"Masami Mohri","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4644-4550"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I42405503","display_name":"Gifu University","ror":"https://ror.org/024exxj48","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I42405503"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Masami Mohri","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical, Electronic and Computer Engineering, Gifu University, Gifu, Japan","ORCiD"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4644-4550","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical, Electronic and Computer Engineering, Gifu University, Gifu, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I42405503"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"ORCiD","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102027440","display_name":"Toru Nakamura","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2530-648X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210104143","display_name":"Advanced Telecommunications Research Institute International","ror":"https://ror.org/01pe1d703","country_code":"JP","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210104143"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Toru Nakamura","raw_affiliation_strings":["Advanced Telecommunications Research Institute International, Kyoto, Japan","ORCiD"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2530-648X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Advanced Telecommunications Research Institute International, Kyoto, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210104143"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"ORCiD","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009727479","display_name":"Masayuki Hashimoto","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2340-7359"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210104143","display_name":"Advanced Telecommunications Research Institute International","ror":"https://ror.org/01pe1d703","country_code":"JP","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210104143"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Masayuki Hashimoto","raw_affiliation_strings":["Advanced Telecommunications Research Institute International, Kyoto, Japan","ORCiD"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2340-7359","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Advanced Telecommunications Research Institute International, Kyoto, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210104143"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"ORCiD","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024503170","display_name":"Shoichi Saito","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3103-9656"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I197274945","display_name":"Nagoya Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/055yf1005","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I197274945"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shoichi Saito","raw_affiliation_strings":["Nagoya Institute of Technology, Nagoya, Japan","ORCiD"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3103-9656","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Nagoya Institute of Technology, Nagoya, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I197274945"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"ORCiD","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":2.8436,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":33,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.92507071,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"8","issue":null,"first_page":"135742","last_page":"135757"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10237","display_name":"Cryptography and Data Security","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10237","display_name":"Cryptography and Data Security","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11614","display_name":"Cloud Data Security Solutions","score":0.9987999796867371,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11800","display_name":"User Authentication and Security Systems","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/public-key-infrastructure","display_name":"Public key infrastructure","score":0.8200991153717041},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/certificate-authority","display_name":"Certificate authority","score":0.8178250789642334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.7223501205444336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7080684900283813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/certification","display_name":"Certification","score":0.6825429201126099},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/trust-anchor","display_name":"Trust anchor","score":0.664814293384552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/public-key-cryptography","display_name":"Public-key cryptography","score":0.6563817262649536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/authentication","display_name":"Authentication (law)","score":0.6266279220581055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/certificate","display_name":"Certificate","score":0.6162319183349609},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/public-key-certificate","display_name":"Public key certificate","score":0.5891885161399841},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key","display_name":"Key (lock)","score":0.5669635534286499},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/web-of-trust","display_name":"Web of trust","score":0.5519897937774658},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computational-trust","display_name":"Computational trust","score":0.5169278979301453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/revocation-list","display_name":"Revocation list","score":0.47185349464416504},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/implicit-certificate","display_name":"Implicit certificate","score":0.45704206824302673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reputation","display_name":"Reputation","score":0.2520160675048828},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/encryption","display_name":"Encryption","score":0.09658461809158325}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C72648740","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q658476","display_name":"Public key infrastructure","level":4,"score":0.8200991153717041},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C93636275","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q196776","display_name":"Certificate authority","level":4,"score":0.8178250789642334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.7223501205444336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7080684900283813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46304622","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q374814","display_name":"Certification","level":2,"score":0.6825429201126099},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154800190","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16941470","display_name":"Trust anchor","level":4,"score":0.664814293384552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203062551","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q201339","display_name":"Public-key cryptography","level":3,"score":0.6563817262649536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148417208","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4825882","display_name":"Authentication (law)","level":2,"score":0.6266279220581055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C96865113","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2946816","display_name":"Certificate","level":2,"score":0.6162319183349609},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C167529545","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q274758","display_name":"Public key certificate","level":4,"score":0.5891885161399841},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.5669635534286499},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157424077","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1928707","display_name":"Web of trust","level":4,"score":0.5519897937774658},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160521178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5157345","display_name":"Computational trust","level":3,"score":0.5169278979301453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147296133","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q196765","display_name":"Revocation list","level":5,"score":0.47185349464416504},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67405866","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6007261","display_name":"Implicit certificate","level":5,"score":0.45704206824302673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48798503","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q877546","display_name":"Reputation","level":2,"score":0.2520160675048828},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148730421","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141090","display_name":"Encryption","level":2,"score":0.09658461809158325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36289849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34749","display_name":"Social science","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2020.3011137","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3011137","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8948470/09146165.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:ea79f8c936a64bdfad1988f6d2ee7f77","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/ea79f8c936a64bdfad1988f6d2ee7f77","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 8, Pp 135742-135757 (2020)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2020.3011137","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3011137","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8948470/09146165.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.5799999833106995,"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2763223226","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"JP18K04133","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334764","funder_display_name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5548098298","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"JP19K24342","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334764","funder_display_name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7210244855","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"P19K11963","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334764","funder_display_name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8873566382","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"JP19K11963","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334764","funder_display_name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334764","display_name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","ror":"https://ror.org/00hhkn466"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3044048717.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3044048717.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":29,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1660562555","https://openalex.org/W2004515004","https://openalex.org/W2026318655","https://openalex.org/W2035301550","https://openalex.org/W2083055907","https://openalex.org/W2116726174","https://openalex.org/W2127508716","https://openalex.org/W2159801413","https://openalex.org/W2246618912","https://openalex.org/W2291547752","https://openalex.org/W2569104544","https://openalex.org/W2601330228","https://openalex.org/W2606574300","https://openalex.org/W2762065167","https://openalex.org/W2810652557","https://openalex.org/W2907108452","https://openalex.org/W2908480009","https://openalex.org/W2911952480","https://openalex.org/W2920932783","https://openalex.org/W2957347123","https://openalex.org/W2963312316","https://openalex.org/W2977969918","https://openalex.org/W2980676478","https://openalex.org/W3100279392","https://openalex.org/W4210467114","https://openalex.org/W4233819588","https://openalex.org/W4293473625","https://openalex.org/W4298051233","https://openalex.org/W6733908124"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1486200819","https://openalex.org/W2160682843","https://openalex.org/W1588128868","https://openalex.org/W2545277503","https://openalex.org/W2181703223","https://openalex.org/W2556159764","https://openalex.org/W1574475986","https://openalex.org/W2369694906","https://openalex.org/W3044048717","https://openalex.org/W84721766"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"Internet":[1],"of":[2,37,65,77,84,128,139,173,183],"Things":[3],"ecosystems,":[4],"where":[5],"various":[6],"entities":[7,27],"trade":[8],"data":[9,11,71],"and":[10,73,209],"analysis":[12],"results,":[13],"public":[14,45],"key":[15,40,46],"infrastructure":[16,109],"plays":[17],"an":[18,82],"important":[19],"role":[20],"in":[21,86,142],"establishing":[22,129],"trust":[23,85,99,131,162,186],"relationships":[24,100,163,187],"between":[25],"these":[26],"to":[28,196],"specify":[29],"who":[30],"trusts":[31],"whose":[32],"private":[33,39],"keys.":[34],"The":[35,103],"owner":[36],"a":[38,44,50,55,87,106,117,143,151,156,174,181],"is":[41,94,126,204],"provided":[42],"with":[43],"certificate":[47,51,61],"issued":[48],"by":[49,68,121,211],"authority":[52],"(CA)":[53],"representing":[54],"trusted":[56],"third":[57],"party.":[58],"Although":[59,124],"this":[60,147],"ensures":[62],"the":[63,66,70,75,97,137,171,200],"reliability":[64],"ecosystem":[67],"verifying":[69],"source":[72],"preventing":[74],"denial":[76],"trading,":[78],"it":[79,133,191],"often":[80],"causes":[81],"overconcentration":[83,115],"particular":[88],"CA.":[89],"Consequently,":[90],"if":[91],"that":[92,112],"CA":[93,207],"infringed,":[95],"all":[96],"related":[98],"become":[101],"compromised.":[102],"paper":[104,148],"proposes":[105,150],"distributed":[107,157],"authentication":[108],"called":[110],"Meta-PKI":[111,175],"decentralizes":[113],"such":[114],"via":[116],"cross-certification":[118,125,153],"procedure":[119],"performed":[120],"multiple":[122],"CAs.":[123],"capable":[127],"mutual":[130],"relationships,":[132],"does":[134],"not":[135],"evaluate":[136],"trustworthiness":[138],"other":[140],"CAs":[141],"standardized":[144],"manner.":[145],"Therefore,":[146],"also":[149,169],"new":[152],"method":[154],"using":[155,199],"ledger":[158],"technology":[159],"for":[160,177],"building":[161],"based":[164],"on":[165],"unified":[166],"criteria.":[167],"It":[168],"describes":[170],"implementation":[172],"system":[176],"Hyperledger":[178],"Fabric":[179],"as":[180],"proof":[182],"concept.":[184],"Once":[185],"have":[188],"been":[189],"established,":[190],"takes":[192],"approximately":[193],"65.7":[194],"ms":[195],"validate":[197],"them":[198],"proposed":[201],"system,":[202],"which":[203],"secure":[205],"against":[206],"takeover":[208],"spoofing":[210],"outsider":[212],"attackers.":[213]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}