{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3042562917","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3009971","title":"Nonconvex Sparse Representation With Slowly Vanishing Gradient Regularizers","display_name":"Nonconvex Sparse Representation With Slowly Vanishing Gradient Regularizers","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3042562917","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3009971","mag":"3042562917"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2020.3009971","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3009971","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3009971","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074532898","display_name":"Eunwoo Kim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0840-0044"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I67900169","display_name":"Chung-Ang University","ror":"https://ror.org/01r024a98","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67900169"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Eunwoo Kim","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, South Korea"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I67900169"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033681555","display_name":"Minsik Lee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4941-4311"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4575257","display_name":"Hanyang University","ror":"https://ror.org/046865y68","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4575257"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Minsik Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Electrical Engineering, Hanyang University, Ansan, South Korea"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Electrical Engineering, Hanyang University, Ansan, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4575257"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033764106","display_name":"Songhwai Oh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9781-2018"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139264467","display_name":"Seoul National University","ror":"https://ror.org/04h9pn542","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139264467"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Songhwai Oh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering and ASRI, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering and ASRI, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139264467"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5074532898"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I67900169"],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.08050418,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"8","issue":null,"first_page":"132489","last_page":"132501"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10500","display_name":"Sparse and Compressive Sensing Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2206","display_name":"Computational Mechanics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10500","display_name":"Sparse and Compressive Sensing Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2206","display_name":"Computational Mechanics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12015","display_name":"Photoacoustic and Ultrasonic Imaging","score":0.9909999966621399,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11739","display_name":"Microwave Imaging and Scattering Analysis","score":0.9771000146865845,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robustness","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","score":0.6390847563743591},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5956416130065918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/norm","display_name":"Norm (philosophy)","score":0.5757123827934265},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/representation","display_name":"Representation (politics)","score":0.5688251852989197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computation","display_name":"Computation","score":0.47218385338783264},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sparse-approximation","display_name":"Sparse approximation","score":0.4594510495662689},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.40072762966156006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.39015766978263855},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.3853737711906433},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.310239315032959}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63479239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353546","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","level":3,"score":0.6390847563743591},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5956416130065918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191795146","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3878446","display_name":"Norm (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.5757123827934265},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776359362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2145286","display_name":"Representation (politics)","level":3,"score":0.5688251852989197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45374587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12525525","display_name":"Computation","level":2,"score":0.47218385338783264},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124066611","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28684319","display_name":"Sparse approximation","level":2,"score":0.4594510495662689},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.40072762966156006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.39015766978263855},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3853737711906433},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.310239315032959},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2020.3009971","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3009971","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:cbb1086fc4c24e6b8da6dd9085e6c2c1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/cbb1086fc4c24e6b8da6dd9085e6c2c1","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 8, Pp 132489-132501 (2020)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2020.3009971","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3009971","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","score":0.46000000834465027}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1896127234","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2019-0-01371","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322030","funder_display_name":"Ministry of Science, ICT and Future Planning"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322030","display_name":"Ministry of Science, ICT and Future Planning","ror":"https://ror.org/032e49973"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":61,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W79405465","https://openalex.org/W1906012480","https://openalex.org/W1965125844","https://openalex.org/W1965169081","https://openalex.org/W1995302825","https://openalex.org/W1996726072","https://openalex.org/W2000985550","https://openalex.org/W2003217181","https://openalex.org/W2052311585","https://openalex.org/W2068548513","https://openalex.org/W2069959554","https://openalex.org/W2074682976","https://openalex.org/W2075547019","https://openalex.org/W2079775628","https://openalex.org/W2100068253","https://openalex.org/W2100556411","https://openalex.org/W2103943817","https://openalex.org/W2107861471","https://openalex.org/W2110531331","https://openalex.org/W2113606819","https://openalex.org/W2114122776","https://openalex.org/W2119122547","https://openalex.org/W2121058967","https://openalex.org/W2121275167","https://openalex.org/W2125874614","https://openalex.org/W2126762950","https://openalex.org/W2128659236","https://openalex.org/W2129812935","https://openalex.org/W2135046866","https://openalex.org/W2135085348","https://openalex.org/W2145962650","https://openalex.org/W2154231875","https://openalex.org/W2160547390","https://openalex.org/W2161765392","https://openalex.org/W2165395308","https://openalex.org/W2184634347","https://openalex.org/W2216139520","https://openalex.org/W2222512263","https://openalex.org/W2462350434","https://openalex.org/W2616050959","https://openalex.org/W2795293001","https://openalex.org/W2904698128","https://openalex.org/W2951085447","https://openalex.org/W2963124210","https://openalex.org/W2963828549","https://openalex.org/W3012247396","https://openalex.org/W3098306969","https://openalex.org/W6603183647","https://openalex.org/W6675164516","https://openalex.org/W6675666693","https://openalex.org/W6676903177","https://openalex.org/W6677598287","https://openalex.org/W6678078302","https://openalex.org/W6679942617","https://openalex.org/W6680344438","https://openalex.org/W6682433143","https://openalex.org/W6684295950","https://openalex.org/W6686534882","https://openalex.org/W6688447623","https://openalex.org/W6745499552","https://openalex.org/W6746256060"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2770593030","https://openalex.org/W4231775656","https://openalex.org/W3154990682","https://openalex.org/W2046435967","https://openalex.org/W2560201613","https://openalex.org/W2171975302","https://openalex.org/W2022352247","https://openalex.org/W2488129135","https://openalex.org/W2809157142","https://openalex.org/W2037023988"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Sparse":[0],"representation":[1,36,185],"has":[2],"been":[3],"widely":[4],"used":[5],"over":[6],"the":[7,31,48,54,64,90,94,105,152,179],"past":[8],"decade":[9],"in":[10],"computer":[11],"vision":[12],"and":[13,27,128,160,166,187,194],"signal":[14],"processing":[15],"to":[16,84,122,182,190],"model":[17],"a":[18,73,124,130,141],"wide":[19],"range":[20],"of":[21,46,92,133,138,154],"natural":[22],"phenomena.":[23],"For":[24],"computational":[25],"convenience":[26],"robustness":[28,193],"against":[29],"noises,":[30],"optimization":[32],"problem":[33],"for":[34,67,77],"sparse":[35,184],"is":[37,72],"often":[38],"relaxed":[39],"using":[40,47],"convex":[41],"or":[42,114],"nonconvex":[43,68,79,126],"surrogates":[44,139],"instead":[45],"l":[49,95,156,161],"<sub":[50,96,157,162],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[51,97,158,163],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">0</sub>":[52,98,159],"-norm,":[53],"ideal":[55],"sparsity":[56,75],"penalty":[57],"function.":[58],"In":[59],"this":[60,85],"paper,":[61],"we":[62,87,118],"pose":[63],"following":[65],"question":[66],"sparsity-promoting":[69],"surrogates:":[70],"What":[71],"good":[74,125],"surrogate":[76,127,150,181],"general":[78],"systems?":[80],"As":[81],"an":[82],"answer":[83],"question,":[86],"suggest":[88,129],"that":[89],"difficulty":[91],"handling":[93],"-norm":[99],"does":[100],"not":[101,115],"only":[102],"come":[103],"from":[104,109],"nonconvexity":[106],"but":[107],"also":[108],"its":[110,169,192],"gradient":[111,170],"being":[112],"zero":[113],"well-defined.":[116],"Accordingly,":[117],"propose":[119],"desirable":[120],"criteria":[121],"be":[123],"corresponding":[131],"family":[132,137],"surrogates.":[134],"The":[135,148],"proposed":[136,149,180],"allows":[140,174],"simple":[142],"regularizer,":[143],"which":[144,173],"enables":[145],"efficient":[146],"computation.":[147],"embraces":[151],"benefits":[153],"both":[155],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">1</sub>":[164],"-norms,":[165],"most":[167],"importantly,":[168],"vanishes":[171],"slowly,":[172],"stable":[175],"optimization.":[176],"We":[177],"apply":[178],"wellknown":[183],"problems":[186],"benchmark":[188],"datasets":[189],"demonstrate":[191],"efficiency.":[195]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}