{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3041746428","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3008403","title":"Event-Driven-Modular Adaptive Backstepping Optimal Control for Strict-Feedback Systems Through Zero-Sum Differential Games","display_name":"Event-Driven-Modular Adaptive Backstepping Optimal Control for Strict-Feedback Systems Through Zero-Sum Differential Games","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3041746428","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3008403","mag":"3041746428"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2020.3008403","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3008403","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8948470/09138394.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8948470/09138394.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080910130","display_name":"Yuehui Ji","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4815-4546"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I136765683","display_name":"Tianjin University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00zbe0w13","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I136765683"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuehui Ji","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin~, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4815-4546","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin~, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I136765683"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102243527","display_name":"Hailiang Zhou","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210143001","display_name":"Tianjin Institute of Metrological Supervision Testing","ror":"https://ror.org/03pydxa09","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210143001"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hailiang Zhou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tianjin Institute of Metrological Supervision and Testing (TIMST), Tianjin, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tianjin Institute of Metrological Supervision and Testing (TIMST), Tianjin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210143001"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079802128","display_name":"Bing Bai","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6519-2109"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I136765683","display_name":"Tianjin University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00zbe0w13","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I136765683"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bing Bai","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin~, China","Tianjin Key Laboratory for Control Theory and Applications in Complicated Systems, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin~, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I136765683"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tianjin Key Laboratory for Control Theory and Applications in Complicated Systems, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I136765683"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":0.9669,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":10,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.81105072,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"8","issue":null,"first_page":"126511","last_page":"126522"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12794","display_name":"Adaptive Dynamic Programming Control","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12794","display_name":"Adaptive Dynamic Programming Control","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10040","display_name":"Adaptive Control of Nonlinear Systems","score":0.9502999782562256,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12277","display_name":"Frequency Control in Power Systems","score":0.9085000157356262,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/backstepping","display_name":"Backstepping","score":0.8656471371650696},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-theory","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","score":0.7087217569351196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optimal-control","display_name":"Optimal control","score":0.6187840104103088},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5898921489715576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lyapunov-function","display_name":"Lyapunov function","score":0.5691495537757874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/differential-game","display_name":"Differential game","score":0.5486127734184265},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/modular-design","display_name":"Modular design","score":0.5212348699569702},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/strict-feedback-form","display_name":"Strict-feedback form","score":0.5057621002197266},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tracking-error","display_name":"Tracking error","score":0.487222820520401},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/controller","display_name":"Controller (irrigation)","score":0.48182645440101624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/zero-sum-game","display_name":"Zero-sum game","score":0.46485841274261475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dynamic-programming","display_name":"Dynamic programming","score":0.4533233046531677},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.43016698956489563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gradient-descent","display_name":"Gradient descent","score":0.4301658272743225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feed-forward","display_name":"Feed forward","score":0.4162044823169708},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adaptive-control","display_name":"Adaptive control","score":0.41015076637268066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.3936966061592102},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.33992475271224976},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nonlinear-system","display_name":"Nonlinear system","score":0.32608532905578613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control","display_name":"Control (management)","score":0.20669648051261902},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nash-equilibrium","display_name":"Nash equilibrium","score":0.19517335295677185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.16148975491523743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-engineering","display_name":"Control engineering","score":0.12859094142913818},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.10977199673652649}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C72218879","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4839759","display_name":"Backstepping","level":4,"score":0.8656471371650696},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47446073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165890","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","level":3,"score":0.7087217569351196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C91575142","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1971426","display_name":"Optimal control","level":2,"score":0.6187840104103088},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5898921489715576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60640748","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2337858","display_name":"Lyapunov function","level":3,"score":0.5691495537757874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779006483","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1973196","display_name":"Differential game","level":2,"score":0.5486127734184265},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101468663","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1620158","display_name":"Modular design","level":2,"score":0.5212348699569702},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121047784","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7623607","display_name":"Strict-feedback form","level":5,"score":0.5057621002197266},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C183356978","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1779213","display_name":"Tracking error","level":3,"score":0.487222820520401},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203479927","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165939","display_name":"Controller (irrigation)","level":2,"score":0.48182645440101624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136356330","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q156612","display_name":"Zero-sum game","level":3,"score":0.46485841274261475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C37404715","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q380679","display_name":"Dynamic programming","level":2,"score":0.4533233046531677},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.43016698956489563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153258448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1199743","display_name":"Gradient descent","level":3,"score":0.4301658272743225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38858127","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5441228","display_name":"Feed forward","level":2,"score":0.4162044823169708},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107464732","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q235781","display_name":"Adaptive control","level":3,"score":0.41015076637268066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.3936966061592102},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.33992475271224976},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158622935","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q660848","display_name":"Nonlinear system","level":2,"score":0.32608532905578613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.20669648051261902},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46814582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23389","display_name":"Nash equilibrium","level":2,"score":0.19517335295677185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.16148975491523743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133731056","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4917288","display_name":"Control engineering","level":1,"score":0.12859094142913818},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.10977199673652649},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6557445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173113","display_name":"Agronomy","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2020.3008403","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3008403","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8948470/09138394.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:63f701373ccc4fa180a60c3dd0a483db","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/63f701373ccc4fa180a60c3dd0a483db","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 8, Pp 126511-126522 (2020)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2020.3008403","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3008403","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8948470/09138394.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.7599999904632568,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1896516313","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2017KJ249","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320326709","funder_display_name":"Tianjin Municipal Education Commission"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3528311403","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61673294","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320326709","display_name":"Tianjin Municipal Education Commission","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3041746428.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3041746428.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":34,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1223467140","https://openalex.org/W1662782209","https://openalex.org/W1998361253","https://openalex.org/W2044698172","https://openalex.org/W2531532890","https://openalex.org/W2585472245","https://openalex.org/W2587532667","https://openalex.org/W2603406422","https://openalex.org/W2615522212","https://openalex.org/W2751981277","https://openalex.org/W2758621768","https://openalex.org/W2781707192","https://openalex.org/W2782313432","https://openalex.org/W2789897185","https://openalex.org/W2884633276","https://openalex.org/W2884733963","https://openalex.org/W2896902819","https://openalex.org/W2904250630","https://openalex.org/W2905890854","https://openalex.org/W2941721201","https://openalex.org/W2949426592","https://openalex.org/W2962920449","https://openalex.org/W2963609304","https://openalex.org/W2968196960","https://openalex.org/W2980300102","https://openalex.org/W2981970936","https://openalex.org/W2984381381","https://openalex.org/W2984771622","https://openalex.org/W2987297062","https://openalex.org/W2990694606","https://openalex.org/W2999886737","https://openalex.org/W3003040443","https://openalex.org/W3009991506","https://openalex.org/W6753979737"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2148743176","https://openalex.org/W3119415476","https://openalex.org/W1996651224","https://openalex.org/W3203146402","https://openalex.org/W2613103647","https://openalex.org/W1903028391","https://openalex.org/W2566538426","https://openalex.org/W2168487782","https://openalex.org/W2376449068","https://openalex.org/W2081366010"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"addresses":[2],"the":[3,17,21,47,53,70,76,85,108,113],"event-driven-modular":[4],"optimal":[5,22,30,48],"tracking":[6,23,35],"control":[7],"problem":[8,24,32,55],"for":[9],"nonlinear":[10],"strict-feedback":[11],"systems":[12],"with":[13],"external":[14],"disturbances.":[15],"Through":[16],"backstepping":[18],"feedforward":[19],"control,":[20],"is":[25,43,66,81,98,116],"transformed":[26],"into":[27],"an":[28,95],"equivalent":[29],"regulation":[31],"of":[33,56,112],"affine":[34],"error":[36],"system.":[37],"Subsequently,":[38],"adaptive":[39],"dynamic":[40],"programming":[41],"technique":[42],"introduced":[44],"to":[45,68,100],"generate":[46],"feedback":[49],"controller,":[50],"and":[51,110],"solve":[52],"optimization":[54],"two-player":[57],"zero-sum":[58],"differential":[59],"game.":[60],"A":[61],"single":[62],"critic":[63],"neural":[64],"network":[65],"constructed":[67],"evaluate":[69],"associated":[71],"cost":[72],"function":[73],"online,":[74],"where":[75],"novel":[77],"weight":[78],"updating":[79],"law":[80],"derived":[82],"based":[83],"on":[84],"gradient-descent":[86],"technique.":[87],"The":[88],"resulting":[89],"event-triggered":[90],"closed-loop":[91],"system,":[92,97],"modeled":[93],"as":[94],"impulsive":[96],"proved":[99],"be":[101],"asymptotically":[102],"stable":[103],"by":[104,118],"Lyapunov":[105],"theory.":[106],"Finally,":[107],"reliability":[109],"effectiveness":[111],"theoretical":[114],"results":[115],"validated":[117],"numerical":[119],"simulation":[120],"examples.":[121]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
