{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3041364125","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3008275","title":"Enhanced Optical-OFDM With Index and Dual-Mode Modulation for Optical Wireless Systems","display_name":"Enhanced Optical-OFDM With Index and Dual-Mode Modulation for Optical Wireless Systems","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3041364125","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3008275","mag":"3041364125"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2020.3008275","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3008275","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8948470/09137274.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8948470/09137274.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012099654","display_name":"Ali Waqar Azim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2155-2798"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ali Waqar Azim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Independent Researcher","Chercheur ind\u00e9pendant (France)"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2155-2798","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Independent Researcher","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Chercheur ind\u00e9pendant (France)","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050303059","display_name":"Yannis Le Guennec","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4813-4353"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I106785703","display_name":"Institut polytechnique de Grenoble","ror":"https://ror.org/05sbt2524","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I106785703","https://openalex.org/I899635006"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1294671590","display_name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","ror":"https://ror.org/02feahw73","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210124956","display_name":"GIPSA-Lab","ror":"https://ror.org/02wrme198","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I106785703","https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I4210124956","https://openalex.org/I899635006","https://openalex.org/I899635006"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I899635006","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 Grenoble Alpes","ror":"https://ror.org/02rx3b187","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I899635006"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yannis Le Guennec","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universit\u00e9 Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Institute of Engineering, Grenoble INP, GIPSA-LAB, Grenoble, France","GIPSA-GAIA - GIPSA P\u00f4le G\u00e9om\u00e9trie, Apprentissage, Information et Algorithmes (GIPSA-lab\r\n11 rue des Math\u00e9matiques, \r\nGrenoble Campus BP46\r\nF-38402 SAINT MARTIN D'HERES CEDEX  - France)"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4813-4353","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universit\u00e9 Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Institute of Engineering, Grenoble INP, GIPSA-LAB, Grenoble, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I106785703","https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I4210124956","https://openalex.org/I899635006"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"GIPSA-GAIA - GIPSA P\u00f4le G\u00e9om\u00e9trie, Apprentissage, Information et Algorithmes (GIPSA-lab\r\n11 rue des Math\u00e9matiques, \r\nGrenoble Campus BP46\r\nF-38402 SAINT MARTIN D'HERES CEDEX  - France)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210124956"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026039370","display_name":"Marwa Chafii","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0314-6585"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1294671590","display_name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","ror":"https://ror.org/02feahw73","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210142324","display_name":"CY Cergy Paris Universit\u00e9","ror":"https://ror.org/043htjv09","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210142324"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210148552","display_name":"Equipes Traitement de l'Information et Syst\u00e8mes","ror":"https://ror.org/0592ata02","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I4210142324","https://openalex.org/I4210148552","https://openalex.org/I4210159245","https://openalex.org/I86175216"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I86175216","display_name":"\u00c9cole Nationale Sup\u00e9rieure de l'\u00c9lectronique et de ses Applications","ror":"https://ror.org/03qeacd72","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I86175216"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Marwa Chafii","raw_affiliation_strings":["ETIS, UMR 8051, CY Cergy Paris Universit\u00e9, ENSEA, CNRS, Cergy, France","ETIS - UMR 8051 - Equipes Traitement de l'Information et Syst\u00e8mes (6, avenue du Ponceau. F 95014 CERGY-PONTOISE CEDEX - France)"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0314-6585","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"ETIS, UMR 8051, CY Cergy Paris Universit\u00e9, ENSEA, CNRS, Cergy, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I4210142324","https://openalex.org/I86175216"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"ETIS - UMR 8051 - Equipes Traitement de l'Information et Syst\u00e8mes (6, avenue du Ponceau. F 95014 CERGY-PONTOISE CEDEX - France)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210148552"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055249203","display_name":"Laurent Ros","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5938-8244"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I106785703","display_name":"Institut polytechnique de Grenoble","ror":"https://ror.org/05sbt2524","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I106785703","https://openalex.org/I899635006"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1294671590","display_name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","ror":"https://ror.org/02feahw73","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210124956","display_name":"GIPSA-Lab","ror":"https://ror.org/02wrme198","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I106785703","https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I4210124956","https://openalex.org/I899635006","https://openalex.org/I899635006"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I899635006","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 Grenoble Alpes","ror":"https://ror.org/02rx3b187","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I899635006"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Laurent Ros","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universit\u00e9 Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Institute of Engineering, Grenoble INP, GIPSA-LAB, Grenoble, France","GIPSA-GAIA - GIPSA P\u00f4le G\u00e9om\u00e9trie, Apprentissage, Information et Algorithmes (GIPSA-lab\r\n11 rue des Math\u00e9matiques, \r\nGrenoble Campus BP46\r\nF-38402 SAINT MARTIN D'HERES CEDEX  - France)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universit\u00e9 Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Institute of Engineering, Grenoble INP, GIPSA-LAB, Grenoble, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I106785703","https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I4210124956","https://openalex.org/I899635006"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"GIPSA-GAIA - GIPSA P\u00f4le G\u00e9om\u00e9trie, Apprentissage, Information et Algorithmes (GIPSA-lab\r\n11 rue des Math\u00e9matiques, \r\nGrenoble Campus BP46\r\nF-38402 SAINT MARTIN D'HERES CEDEX  - France)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210124956"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":0.7321,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":16,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.67526088,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"8","issue":null,"first_page":"128646","last_page":"128664"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10851","display_name":"Optical Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10851","display_name":"Optical Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10232","display_name":"Optical Network Technologies","score":0.9914000034332275,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10250","display_name":"Glaucoma and retinal disorders","score":0.9894000291824341,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2731","display_name":"Ophthalmology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/orthogonal-frequency-division-multiplexing","display_name":"Orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing","score":0.9399075508117676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cyclic-prefix","display_name":"Cyclic prefix","score":0.6004031896591187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/modulation","display_name":"Modulation (music)","score":0.5925456881523132},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5441277623176575},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spectral-efficiency","display_name":"Spectral efficiency","score":0.4673403203487396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.4453768730163574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/subcarrier","display_name":"Subcarrier","score":0.4394884407520294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/frequency-domain","display_name":"Frequency domain","score":0.415727436542511},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bit-error-rate","display_name":"Bit error rate","score":0.4142410457134247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.3389242887496948},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.32546570897102356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.2784719467163086},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.12828081846237183},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.10654821991920471}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40409654","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q375889","display_name":"Orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing","level":3,"score":0.9399075508117676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778775284","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5198224","display_name":"Cyclic prefix","level":4,"score":0.6004031896591187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123079801","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q750240","display_name":"Modulation (music)","level":2,"score":0.5925456881523132},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5441277623176575},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137246740","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q583970","display_name":"Spectral efficiency","level":3,"score":0.4673403203487396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.4453768730163574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198329298","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q586358","display_name":"Subcarrier","level":4,"score":0.4394884407520294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19118579","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q786423","display_name":"Frequency domain","level":2,"score":0.415727436542511},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56296756","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q840922","display_name":"Bit error rate","level":3,"score":0.4142410457134247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.3389242887496948},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.32546570897102356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.2784719467163086},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.12828081846237183},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.10654821991920471},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2020.3008275","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3008275","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8948470/09137274.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:HAL:hal-02898918v1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://hal.science/hal-02898918","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402512","display_name":"HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1294671590","host_organization_name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, 2020, 8, pp.128646-128664. ⟨10.1109/ACCESS.2020.3008275⟩","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:b8211429b3124b7abf0cf75ed9b78fb0","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/b8211429b3124b7abf0cf75ed9b78fb0","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 8, Pp 128646-128664 (2020)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2020.3008275","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3008275","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8948470/09137274.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.8999999761581421,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6748708539","display_name":"PSI","funder_award_id":"ANR-16-IDEX-0008","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320883","funder_display_name":"Agence Nationale de la Recherche"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320883","display_name":"Agence Nationale de la Recherche","ror":"https://ror.org/00rbzpz17"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3041364125.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3041364125.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":23,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1556721971","https://openalex.org/W2005598207","https://openalex.org/W2035527502","https://openalex.org/W2053603333","https://openalex.org/W2093355158","https://openalex.org/W2114080080","https://openalex.org/W2139642610","https://openalex.org/W2186960292","https://openalex.org/W2540924152","https://openalex.org/W2576545826","https://openalex.org/W2737791703","https://openalex.org/W2744485539","https://openalex.org/W2883182640","https://openalex.org/W2896767846","https://openalex.org/W2917490766","https://openalex.org/W2920369046","https://openalex.org/W2952782392","https://openalex.org/W2965980990","https://openalex.org/W2972940596","https://openalex.org/W2990380363","https://openalex.org/W3006725318","https://openalex.org/W3018548689","https://openalex.org/W3105497589"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2163986192","https://openalex.org/W2169555090","https://openalex.org/W2143281946","https://openalex.org/W2564136926","https://openalex.org/W2109072943","https://openalex.org/W2355672245","https://openalex.org/W2124096513","https://openalex.org/W2792561661","https://openalex.org/W1569011150","https://openalex.org/W3168365631"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"this":[1,182],"article,":[2],"we":[3,117,220,259],"introduce":[4,260],"intensity":[5],"modulation":[6,18,168],"and":[7,111,125,147,188,204,211,225,269],"direct":[8,107],"detection":[9,268],"compatible":[10],"enhanced":[11],"optical-orthogonal":[12],"frequency":[13],"division":[14],"multiplexing":[15],"with":[16],"index":[17,35,71,223],"(EO-OFDM-IM)":[19],"schemes.":[20],"These":[21],"approaches":[22,122,200,236],"augment":[23],"the":[24,34,39,51,81,120,198,242,249],"spectral":[25,175,205],"efficiency":[26,144],"(SE)":[27],"relative":[28],"to":[29,119,133,172],"classical":[30,44,102,154,208],"counterparts":[31],"by":[32,65,79,87,240],"enlarging":[33],"domain":[36,72],"information":[37],"using":[38],"so-called":[40,243],"virtual":[41,90],"sub-carriers.":[42,91],"The":[43,70,92,156,192],"O-OFDM-IM":[45],"schemes":[46,76,137,210],"do":[47],"not":[48],"necessarily":[49],"enhance":[50],"SE":[52,239],"because":[53],"of":[54,57,94,101,166,251],"low":[55],"cardinality":[56],"IM":[58],"complex-valued":[59,82],"sub-carrier":[60],"set":[61],"which":[62,232],"is":[63,77,97,256],"limited":[64],"constraints":[66],"like":[67],"Hermitian":[68],"symmetry.":[69],"extension":[73],"for":[74,162,216,237],"EO-OFDM-IM":[75,121,136,157],"achieved":[78],"replacing":[80],"sub-carriers":[83],"(as":[84],"in":[85,131],"O-OFDM-IM)":[86],"twice":[88],"real-valued":[89],"realization":[93],"non-negative":[95],"signals":[96],"based":[98,228,265],"on":[99,229,266],"precepts":[100],"O-OFDM":[103,110],"approaches,":[104],"that":[105,130,197],"are":[106,160,190,201],"current":[108],"(DC)":[109],"asymmetrically":[112],"clipped":[113],"(AC)":[114],"O-OFDM.":[115],"Thus,":[116],"refer":[118],"as":[123],"DCEO-OFDM-IM":[124],"ACEO-OFDM-IM.":[126],"We":[127],"shall":[128,195],"establish":[129],"addition":[132],"improving":[134],"SE,":[135,248],"provide":[138,212],"extended":[139],"granularity":[140,215],"effectuating":[141],"better":[142],"SE/energy":[143],"(EE)":[145],"trade-off":[146],"improved":[148],"bit":[149],"error":[150],"rate":[151],"performance":[152],"over":[153],"counterparts.":[155],"schemes,":[158],"however,":[159],"suitable":[161],"lower":[163],"alphabet":[164],"cardinalities":[165],"pulse-amplitude":[167],"making":[169],"it":[170],"difficult":[171],"attain":[173],"high":[174],"efficiencies":[176],"while":[177],"maintaining":[178],"EE.":[179],"To":[180],"circumvent":[181],"limitation,":[183],"dual-mode":[184],"(DM)":[185],"counterparts,":[186],"DCEO-OFDM-DM":[187],"ACEO-OFDM-DM":[189],"proposed.":[191],"numerical":[193],"simulations":[194],"demonstrate":[196],"EO-OFDM-DM":[199],"more":[202],"energy":[203,267],"efficient":[206,222],"than":[207],"O-OFDM-DM":[209],"an":[213],"advantageous":[214],"EE/SE":[217],"trade-off.":[218],"Additionally,":[219],"use":[221,250],"mapping":[224],"de-mapping":[226],"algorithms":[227],"Pascal's":[230],"triangle,":[231],"allows":[233],"investigating":[234],"these":[235],"peak":[238,247],"precluding":[241],"sub-block":[244],"partitioning.":[245],"For":[246],"optimal":[252],"maximum-likelihood":[253],"(ML)":[254],"detector":[255],"cumbersome,":[257],"therefore,":[258],"two":[261],"sub-optimal":[262],"low-complexity":[263],"detectors":[264],"ML":[270],"criterion.":[271]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-22T07:51:19.307946","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}