{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3039748480","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3006015","title":"Beam-Sweeping Design Based on Nearest Users Position and Beam in 5G mmWave Networks","display_name":"Beam-Sweeping Design Based on Nearest Users Position and Beam in 5G mmWave Networks","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3039748480","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3006015","mag":"3039748480"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2020.3006015","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3006015","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8948470/09129709.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8948470/09129709.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076790432","display_name":"Stefano Tomasin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3253-6793"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I138689650","display_name":"University of Padua","ror":"https://ror.org/00240q980","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I138689650"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210099310","display_name":"Consorzio Nazionale Interuniversitario per le Telecomunicazioni","ror":"https://ror.org/0182a5n39","country_code":"IT","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210099310"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Stefano Tomasin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Consorzio Nazionale Interuniversitario per le Telecomunicazioni (CNIT), Padova Research Unit, University of Padova, Padova, Italy","Department of Information Engineering, University of Padova, Padova, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3253-6793","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Consorzio Nazionale Interuniversitario per le Telecomunicazioni (CNIT), Padova Research Unit, University of Padova, Padova, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210099310"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Engineering, University of Padova, Padova, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I138689650"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052420317","display_name":"Christian Mazzucco","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1973-551X"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Christian Mazzucco","raw_affiliation_strings":["Milan Research Center, Huawei Technologies Italia S.r.l., Milan, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1973-551X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Milan Research Center, Huawei Technologies Italia S.r.l., Milan, Italy","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036091683","display_name":"Danilo De Donno","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1253-9084"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Danilo De Donno","raw_affiliation_strings":["Milan Research Center, Huawei Technologies Italia S.r.l., Milan, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Milan Research Center, Huawei Technologies Italia S.r.l., Milan, Italy","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022411642","display_name":"Filippo Cappellaro","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7919-6944"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Filippo Cappellaro","raw_affiliation_strings":["Sielte, Padova, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7919-6944","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sielte, Padova, Italy","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":1.1397,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":19,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.76336095,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"8","issue":null,"first_page":"124402","last_page":"124413"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10936","display_name":"Millimeter-Wave Propagation and Modeling","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10936","display_name":"Millimeter-Wave Propagation and Modeling","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10148","display_name":"Advanced MIMO Systems Optimization","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10262","display_name":"Microwave Engineering and Waveguides","score":0.9983000159263611,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/beam","display_name":"Beam (structure)","score":0.671251118183136},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6541334986686707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neighbor-discovery-protocol","display_name":"Neighbor Discovery Protocol","score":0.5958802700042725},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/position","display_name":"Position (finance)","score":0.5889609456062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/beam-search","display_name":"Beam search","score":0.5440160632133484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/beamforming","display_name":"Beamforming","score":0.53645920753479},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/exploit","display_name":"Exploit","score":0.4801323115825653},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/k-nearest-neighbors-algorithm","display_name":"k-nearest neighbors algorithm","score":0.4648294448852539},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.33656632900238037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.3221614360809326},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.2791857123374939},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.21021923422813416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.20407268404960632},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/search-algorithm","display_name":"Search algorithm","score":0.18980324268341064}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168834538","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3705329","display_name":"Beam (structure)","level":2,"score":0.671251118183136},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6541334986686707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165932591","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1547947","display_name":"Neighbor Discovery Protocol","level":4,"score":0.5958802700042725},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198082294","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3399648","display_name":"Position (finance)","level":2,"score":0.5889609456062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19889080","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2835852","display_name":"Beam search","level":3,"score":0.5440160632133484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54197355","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5782992","display_name":"Beamforming","level":2,"score":0.53645920753479},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165696696","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11287","display_name":"Exploit","level":2,"score":0.4801323115825653},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113238511","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071612","display_name":"k-nearest neighbors algorithm","level":2,"score":0.4648294448852539},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.33656632900238037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.3221614360809326},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.2791857123374939},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.21021923422813416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.20407268404960632},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C125583679","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q755673","display_name":"Search algorithm","level":2,"score":0.18980324268341064},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110875604","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q75","display_name":"The Internet","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C35341882","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8795","display_name":"Internet Protocol","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2020.3006015","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3006015","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8948470/09129709.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:503d4941baa948618bdcbd3435ca865d","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/503d4941baa948618bdcbd3435ca865d","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 8, Pp 124402-124413 (2020)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:www.research.unipd.it:11577/3391525","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/11577/3391525","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402547","display_name":"Padua Research Archive (University of Padova)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I138689650","host_organization_name":"University of Padua","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I138689650"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2020.3006015","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3006015","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8948470/09129709.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.5899999737739563,"display_name":"Partnerships for the goals","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/17"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1486038497","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Law 232/2016","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321873","funder_display_name":"Ministero dell\u2019Istruzione, dell\u2019Universit\u00e0 e della Ricerca"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5329322851","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"232/2016","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320317295","funder_display_name":"Dipartimenti di Eccellenza"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5417130124","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"232/2016","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321873","funder_display_name":"Ministero dell\u2019Istruzione, dell\u2019Universit\u00e0 e della Ricerca"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8254916772","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Law 232/2016","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320317295","funder_display_name":"Dipartimenti di Eccellenza"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320317295","display_name":"Dipartimenti di Eccellenza","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321873","display_name":"Ministero dell\u2019Istruzione, dell\u2019Universit\u00e0 e della Ricerca","ror":"https://ror.org/0166hxq48"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3039748480.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3039748480.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":36,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W779733492","https://openalex.org/W2008756354","https://openalex.org/W2014537658","https://openalex.org/W2035330915","https://openalex.org/W2183911578","https://openalex.org/W2278865433","https://openalex.org/W2345176225","https://openalex.org/W2555222052","https://openalex.org/W2555593130","https://openalex.org/W2601905653","https://openalex.org/W2736637465","https://openalex.org/W2795768087","https://openalex.org/W2796047239","https://openalex.org/W2800343701","https://openalex.org/W2876820033","https://openalex.org/W2888725229","https://openalex.org/W2889420066","https://openalex.org/W2903146257","https://openalex.org/W2936867047","https://openalex.org/W2950073712","https://openalex.org/W2960748177","https://openalex.org/W2962877103","https://openalex.org/W2963363746","https://openalex.org/W2963504196","https://openalex.org/W2963844799","https://openalex.org/W2963868195","https://openalex.org/W2969409198","https://openalex.org/W2976377566","https://openalex.org/W3000404972","https://openalex.org/W3011249352","https://openalex.org/W3011676575","https://openalex.org/W3098912659","https://openalex.org/W3101675980","https://openalex.org/W3105281589","https://openalex.org/W3105919566","https://openalex.org/W6746170577"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W17155033","https://openalex.org/W3207760230","https://openalex.org/W1496222301","https://openalex.org/W1590307681","https://openalex.org/W2536018345","https://openalex.org/W4312814274","https://openalex.org/W4285370786","https://openalex.org/W2296488620","https://openalex.org/W2358353312","https://openalex.org/W2353836703"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,55],"beam":[1,98],"sweeping":[2],"procedure":[3],"estimates":[4],"the":[5,23,31,34,48,53,60,67,78,82,91,97,100,114,118,122,125,132,139,145,152,164,168,176,183,186],"beamforming":[6],"directions,":[7],"or":[8],"beams,":[9,107],"to":[10,18,46,51],"be":[11],"used":[12],"for":[13,30],"downlink":[14],"millimeter-wave":[15],"cellular":[16],"transmissions":[17],"an":[19],"incoming":[20,68,83],"user":[21,69],"entering":[22],"cell.":[24],"We":[25,142,181],"propose":[26,144],"three":[27],"new":[28],"approaches":[29],"choice":[32],"of":[33,64,66,80,99,134,167,185,191],"sequence":[35,127],"by":[36,130],"which":[37,149],"beams":[38],"are":[39],"explored":[40],"(the":[41],"beam-search":[42,126],"sequence),":[43],"in":[44,156,189,197],"order":[45],"reduce":[47],"average":[49,193],"time":[50],"find":[52],"directions.":[54],"proposed":[56,187],"methods":[57],"exploit":[58],"a)":[59],"correlation":[61],"among":[62],"angles":[63],"departure":[65],"and":[70,76,84,103,138,159],"its":[71,85],"nearest,":[72],"already":[73],"connected":[74],"user,":[75,102],"b)":[77],"position":[79,137],"both":[81,135],"nearest":[86,101],"user.":[87],"For":[88],"point":[89],"a),":[90],"nearest-neighbor-beam":[92],"search":[93,179],"method":[94],"starts":[95],"from":[96,117],"then":[104],"explores":[105],"other":[106],"with":[108,199],"directions":[109],"progressively":[110],"farther":[111],"away":[112],"(in":[113],"angular":[115],"domain)":[116],"first":[119],"beam.":[120,141],"In":[121],"beam-and-angle":[123,147,178],"search,":[124,148],"is":[128],"optimized":[129],"exploiting":[131],"knowledge":[133],"users'":[136],"nearest-user":[140,153],"also":[143,196],"simplified":[146],"still":[150],"exploits":[151],"information,":[154],"although":[155],"a":[157],"suboptimal":[158],"simpler":[160],"fashion.":[161],"Based":[162],"on":[163],"channel":[165],"model":[166],"3rd":[169],"generation":[170],"partnership":[171],"project,":[172],"we":[173],"analytically":[174],"design":[175],"optimal":[177],"sequence.":[180],"assess":[182],"performance":[184],"solutions,":[188],"terms":[190],"their":[192],"discovery":[194],"time,":[195],"comparison":[198],"existing":[200],"approaches.":[201]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-08-04T08:18:43.703281","created_date":"2020-07-10T00:00:00"}