{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3039199030","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3005541","title":"Blockchain and Trust for Secure, End-User-Based and Decentralized IoT Service Provision","display_name":"Blockchain and Trust for Secure, End-User-Based and Decentralized IoT Service Provision","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3039199030","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3005541","mag":"3039199030"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2020.3005541","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3005541","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8948470/09127445.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8948470/09127445.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038419243","display_name":"Besfort Shala","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8939-1858"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I5237613","display_name":"Frankfurt University of Applied Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/02r625m11","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I5237613"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I114090438","display_name":"Goethe University Frankfurt","ror":"https://ror.org/04cvxnb49","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114090438"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I897542642","display_name":"University of Plymouth","ror":"https://ror.org/008n7pv89","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I897542642"]}],"countries":["DE","GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Besfort Shala","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centre for Security, Communications and Network Research, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, U.K","Research Group for Telecommunication Networks, Frankfurt University of Applied Sciences, Frankfurt, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre for Security, Communications and Network Research, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I897542642"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research Group for Telecommunication Networks, Frankfurt University of Applied Sciences, Frankfurt, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I5237613","https://openalex.org/I114090438"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027865725","display_name":"Ulrich Trick","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I114090438","display_name":"Goethe University Frankfurt","ror":"https://ror.org/04cvxnb49","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114090438"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I5237613","display_name":"Frankfurt University of Applied Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/02r625m11","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I5237613"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ulrich Trick","raw_affiliation_strings":["Research Group for Telecommunication Networks, Frankfurt University of Applied Sciences, Frankfurt, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research Group for Telecommunication Networks, Frankfurt University of Applied Sciences, Frankfurt, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I5237613","https://openalex.org/I114090438"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073816687","display_name":"Armin Lehmann","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2480-7389"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I114090438","display_name":"Goethe University Frankfurt","ror":"https://ror.org/04cvxnb49","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114090438"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I5237613","display_name":"Frankfurt University of Applied Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/02r625m11","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I5237613"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Armin Lehmann","raw_affiliation_strings":["Research Group for Telecommunication Networks, Frankfurt University of Applied Sciences, Frankfurt, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research Group for Telecommunication Networks, Frankfurt University of Applied Sciences, Frankfurt, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I5237613","https://openalex.org/I114090438"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044709278","display_name":"Bogdan Ghita","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1788-547X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I897542642","display_name":"University of Plymouth","ror":"https://ror.org/008n7pv89","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I897542642"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bogdan Ghita","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centre for Security, Communications and Network Research, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, U.K"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre for Security, Communications and Network Research, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I897542642"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004375212","display_name":"Stavros Shiaeles","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3866-0672"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63072094","display_name":"University of Portsmouth","ror":"https://ror.org/03ykbk197","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63072094"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Stavros Shiaeles","raw_affiliation_strings":["Security Research Group, School of Computing, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, U.K"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Security Research Group, School of Computing, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63072094"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5038419243"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114090438","https://openalex.org/I5237613","https://openalex.org/I897542642"],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":13.6073,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":63,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98788856,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"8","issue":null,"first_page":"119961","last_page":"119979"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10270","display_name":"Blockchain Technology Applications and Security","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10270","display_name":"Blockchain Technology Applications and Security","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10273","display_name":"IoT and Edge/Fog Computing","score":0.9919999837875366,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10764","display_name":"Privacy-Preserving Technologies in Data","score":0.9648000001907349,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8021714687347412},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/blockchain","display_name":"Blockchain","score":0.8014509677886963},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/metric","display_name":"Metric (unit)","score":0.623379111289978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/trust-management","display_name":"Trust management (information system)","score":0.6023293137550354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/weighting","display_name":"Weighting","score":0.5844958424568176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/service","display_name":"Service (business)","score":0.529274582862854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internet-of-things","display_name":"Internet of Things","score":0.5193434953689575},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computational-trust","display_name":"Computational trust","score":0.5029458403587341},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/smart-contract","display_name":"Smart contract","score":0.4873098134994507},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/trust-anchor","display_name":"Trust anchor","score":0.43650123476982117},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.4259192943572998},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.36360034346580505}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8021714687347412},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779687700","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q20514253","display_name":"Blockchain","level":2,"score":0.8014509677886963},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176217482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860554","display_name":"Metric (unit)","level":2,"score":0.623379111289978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776384856","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17145767","display_name":"Trust management (information system)","level":2,"score":0.6023293137550354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C183115368","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q856577","display_name":"Weighting","level":2,"score":0.5844958424568176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780378061","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25351891","display_name":"Service (business)","level":2,"score":0.529274582862854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81860439","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q251212","display_name":"Internet of Things","level":2,"score":0.5193434953689575},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160521178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5157345","display_name":"Computational trust","level":3,"score":0.5029458403587341},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779950589","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7544035","display_name":"Smart contract","level":3,"score":0.4873098134994507},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154800190","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16941470","display_name":"Trust anchor","level":4,"score":0.43650123476982117},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.4259192943572998},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.36360034346580505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126838900","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77604","display_name":"Radiology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21547014","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423657","display_name":"Operations management","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36289849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34749","display_name":"Social science","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48798503","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q877546","display_name":"Reputation","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136264566","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q159810","display_name":"Economy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2020.3005541","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3005541","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8948470/09127445.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pearl.plymouth.ac.uk:10026.1/17142","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10026.1/17142","pdf_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10026.1/17142","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402507","display_name":"PEARL (University of Plymouth)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I897542642","host_organization_name":"University of Plymouth","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I897542642"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:researchportal.port.ac.uk:publications/dffb02d7-b71c-4ea1-b81e-c101feed2977","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://researchportal.port.ac.uk/portal/en/publications/blockchain-and-trust-for-secure-enduserbased-and-decentralized-iot-service-provision(dffb02d7-b71c-4ea1-b81e-c101feed2977).html","pdf_url":"https://researchportal.port.ac.uk/ws/files/22135141/09127445.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401774","display_name":"Portsmouth Research Portal (University of Portsmouth)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I63072094","host_organization_name":"University of Portsmouth","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63072094"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":""},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:1c6cb5a244df4af39c3fdf8d840863a7","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/1c6cb5a244df4af39c3fdf8d840863a7","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 8, Pp 119961-119979 (2020)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2020.3005541","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3005541","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8948470/09127445.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320328464","display_name":"Frankfurt University of Applied Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/02r625m11"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3039199030.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3039199030.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":56,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2008498079","https://openalex.org/W2040128811","https://openalex.org/W2151879400","https://openalex.org/W2295751871","https://openalex.org/W2392113277","https://openalex.org/W2534422211","https://openalex.org/W2753301243","https://openalex.org/W2753962503","https://openalex.org/W2767662495","https://openalex.org/W2767976605","https://openalex.org/W2773228868","https://openalex.org/W2792195332","https://openalex.org/W2796465757","https://openalex.org/W2803109435","https://openalex.org/W2805590110","https://openalex.org/W2885220876","https://openalex.org/W2885314297","https://openalex.org/W2886654666","https://openalex.org/W2895570089","https://openalex.org/W2896088743","https://openalex.org/W2901618220","https://openalex.org/W2901779167","https://openalex.org/W2905585733","https://openalex.org/W2907683311","https://openalex.org/W2912977751","https://openalex.org/W2913058852","https://openalex.org/W2918047150","https://openalex.org/W2921986961","https://openalex.org/W2922111521","https://openalex.org/W2922274367","https://openalex.org/W2938814935","https://openalex.org/W2944438280","https://openalex.org/W2947690458","https://openalex.org/W2948057225","https://openalex.org/W2948768133","https://openalex.org/W2963361403","https://openalex.org/W2969565105","https://openalex.org/W2977012111","https://openalex.org/W2979990733","https://openalex.org/W2982316333","https://openalex.org/W2987317136","https://openalex.org/W2989256138","https://openalex.org/W2990704933","https://openalex.org/W2995871203","https://openalex.org/W2997035848","https://openalex.org/W2998050305","https://openalex.org/W3002399415","https://openalex.org/W3003575154","https://openalex.org/W3005233709","https://openalex.org/W3006718153","https://openalex.org/W3012143974","https://openalex.org/W3098688077","https://openalex.org/W3101098008","https://openalex.org/W6755534515","https://openalex.org/W6757271686","https://openalex.org/W6768950615"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4243605140","https://openalex.org/W2495963281","https://openalex.org/W4385687966","https://openalex.org/W2509590646","https://openalex.org/W2940914837","https://openalex.org/W2170496240","https://openalex.org/W2916013893","https://openalex.org/W2118529154","https://openalex.org/W2300110045","https://openalex.org/W2383693787"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Building":[0],"trust":[1,20,53,71,85,94,130],"relationships":[2],"between":[3],"different":[4,84,142],"decentralized":[5,65],"entities":[6],"in":[7,44,64,108],"the":[8,14,34,109,128,146],"IoT":[9,35,66,110],"ecosystem":[10],"is":[11,23,81,132],"essential.":[12],"Hereof,":[13],"combination":[15],"of":[16],"blockchain":[17],"technology":[18],"and":[19,55,59,77,88,115],"evaluation":[21,95],"techniques":[22],"recently":[24],"considered":[25],"as":[26],"an":[27,69],"efficient":[28],"measure.":[29],"However,":[30],"both":[31],"technologies":[32],"within":[33],"are":[36,42,96,120],"still":[37],"facing":[38],"some":[39],"limitations":[40,60],"which":[41],"addressed":[43],"this":[45,48,99],"research.":[46],"First,":[47],"publication":[49,100],"reviews":[50],"various":[51,153],"blockchain-based":[52],"approaches":[54],"depicts":[56],"their":[57,62,89,125],"strengths":[58],"regarding":[61],"usage":[63],"communities.":[67],"Then,":[68],"optimized":[70],"model":[72,131],"with":[73],"a":[74,102],"multi-layer":[75],"adaptive":[76],"trust-based":[78],"weighting":[79],"system":[80],"proposed.":[82],"Additionally,":[83],"metric":[86],"parameters":[87],"mathematical":[90],"models":[91],"used":[92],"for":[93,105],"presented.":[97],"Moreover,":[98],"presents":[101],"novel":[103],"approach":[104,148],"incentivization":[106],"processes":[107],"marketplace":[111],"using":[112],"control":[113],"loops":[114],"smart":[116],"contracts.":[117],"Thereby,":[118],"participants":[119],"motivated":[121],"to":[122,134],"continuously":[123],"improve":[124],"behavior.":[126],"Finally,":[127],"proposed":[129],"proved":[133],"be":[135],"reliable.":[136],"The":[137],"experimental":[138],"results":[139],"conducted":[140],"from":[141],"scenarios":[143],"show":[144],"that":[145],"presented":[147],"provides":[149],"more":[150],"resiliency":[151],"against":[152],"attacks":[154],"than":[155],"existing":[156],"ones.":[157]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-03-11T14:59:36.786465","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}