{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3037797836","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3004706","title":"Deep Gaussian Process Regression for Performance Improvement of POS During GPS Outages","display_name":"Deep Gaussian Process Regression for Performance Improvement of POS During GPS Outages","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3037797836","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3004706","mag":"3037797836"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2020.3004706","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3004706","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8948470/09123766.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8948470/09123766.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100461044","display_name":"Wen Ye","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9769-9863"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210157653","display_name":"Institute of Mechanics","ror":"https://ror.org/057jnjd73","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210157653"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210162136","display_name":"National Institute of Metrology","ror":"https://ror.org/05dw0p167","country_code":"CN","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210162136"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Wen Ye","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Mechanics and Acoustics Metrology, National Institute of Metrology, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9769-9863","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Mechanics and Acoustics Metrology, National Institute of Metrology, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210162136","https://openalex.org/I4210157653"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101951588","display_name":"Bo Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2888-0279"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I82880672","display_name":"Beihang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00wk2mp56","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bo Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Research Institute of Frontier Science, Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2888-0279","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research Institute of Frontier Science, Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032159057","display_name":"Yanhong Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8291-6423"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I82880672","display_name":"Beihang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00wk2mp56","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yanhong Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Research Institute of Frontier Science, Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8291-6423","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research Institute of Frontier Science, Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101607538","display_name":"Bin Gu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0663-7363"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210130112","display_name":"China Academy of Information and Communications Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/038dte259","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210130112","https://openalex.org/I890469752"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bin Gu","raw_affiliation_strings":["China Academy of Electronics and Information Technology, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"China Academy of Electronics and Information Technology, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210130112"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100358457","display_name":"Hongmei Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4059-4056"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36152291","display_name":"Henan University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05sbgwt55","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36152291"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hongmei Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4059-4056","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36152291"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100461044"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210157653","https://openalex.org/I4210162136"],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":0.816,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":7,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.79010172,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"8","issue":null,"first_page":"117483","last_page":"117492"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12814","display_name":"Gaussian Processes and Bayesian Inference","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12814","display_name":"Gaussian Processes and Bayesian Inference","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10711","display_name":"Target Tracking and Data Fusion in Sensor Networks","score":0.9925000071525574,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11236","display_name":"Control Systems and Identification","score":0.9758999943733215,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/global-positioning-system","display_name":"Global Positioning System","score":0.8889232873916626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7507344484329224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gnss-applications","display_name":"GNSS applications","score":0.6706002950668335},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/kalman-filter","display_name":"Kalman filter","score":0.628145694732666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inertial-navigation-system","display_name":"Inertial navigation system","score":0.6084334254264832},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gaussian-process","display_name":"Gaussian process","score":0.5752273201942444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.5603722333908081},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gps-signals","display_name":"GPS signals","score":0.47471749782562256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/kriging","display_name":"Kriging","score":0.4227180480957031},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gps/ins","display_name":"GPS/INS","score":0.4125458598136902},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gaussian","display_name":"Gaussian","score":0.29038292169570923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.2556043267250061},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/assisted-gps","display_name":"Assisted GPS","score":0.2469073235988617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/orientation","display_name":"Orientation (vector space)","score":0.21894079446792603},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.14146733283996582},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.1235700249671936}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60229501","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18822","display_name":"Global Positioning System","level":2,"score":0.8889232873916626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7507344484329224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14279187","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5514012","display_name":"GNSS applications","level":3,"score":0.6706002950668335},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157286648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q846780","display_name":"Kalman filter","level":2,"score":0.628145694732666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C128651787","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q570607","display_name":"Inertial navigation system","level":3,"score":0.6084334254264832},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61326573","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1496376","display_name":"Gaussian process","level":3,"score":0.5752273201942444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.5603722333908081},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12957241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15903792","display_name":"GPS signals","level":4,"score":0.47471749782562256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81692654","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q225926","display_name":"Kriging","level":2,"score":0.4227180480957031},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C193183557","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q195126","display_name":"GPS/INS","level":4,"score":0.4125458598136902},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163716315","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q901177","display_name":"Gaussian","level":2,"score":0.29038292169570923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.2556043267250061},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198613851","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q432394","display_name":"Assisted GPS","level":3,"score":0.2469073235988617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C16345878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q107472979","display_name":"Orientation (vector space)","level":2,"score":0.21894079446792603},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.14146733283996582},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.1235700249671936},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2020.3004706","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3004706","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8948470/09123766.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:68bf79ac6583476087797f064d935a99","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/68bf79ac6583476087797f064d935a99","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 8, Pp 117483-117492 (2020)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2020.3004706","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3004706","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8948470/09123766.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1549153543","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61901431","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2478299693","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61703021","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2979427603","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61873019","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3135532036","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61721091","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3480325324","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61722103","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5402567343","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"U1804161","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6683817013","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61763005","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320331086","display_name":"National Institute of Metrology, China","ror":"https://ror.org/05dw0p167"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3037797836.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3037797836.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":30,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W96056672","https://openalex.org/W1777124189","https://openalex.org/W1866206747","https://openalex.org/W1966244759","https://openalex.org/W2000275982","https://openalex.org/W2013054356","https://openalex.org/W2023857726","https://openalex.org/W2027281786","https://openalex.org/W2044008872","https://openalex.org/W2076924667","https://openalex.org/W2100749625","https://openalex.org/W2118195588","https://openalex.org/W2131360424","https://openalex.org/W2132161921","https://openalex.org/W2137527546","https://openalex.org/W2144918665","https://openalex.org/W2160626949","https://openalex.org/W2166851633","https://openalex.org/W2751613606","https://openalex.org/W2770119657","https://openalex.org/W2945065450","https://openalex.org/W2950608009","https://openalex.org/W2957730812","https://openalex.org/W4211049957","https://openalex.org/W4245715244","https://openalex.org/W4294562888","https://openalex.org/W6603905951","https://openalex.org/W6637968757","https://openalex.org/W6639216784","https://openalex.org/W6684578138"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2030440043","https://openalex.org/W1910463446","https://openalex.org/W1494447669","https://openalex.org/W2182125867","https://openalex.org/W2119957445","https://openalex.org/W2123903576","https://openalex.org/W1488594857","https://openalex.org/W2393570003","https://openalex.org/W2055925535","https://openalex.org/W2357998847"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Position":[0],"and":[1,29,102,118,144],"orientation":[2],"system":[3,13,16],"(POS)":[4],"is":[5,137],"a":[6,78,125],"high-precision":[7],"inertial":[8],"navigation":[9,11],"systems/Global":[10],"satellite":[12],"(INS/GNSS)":[14],"integrated":[15],"that":[17,149],"can":[18],"continuously":[19],"provide":[20],"time-spatial":[21],"reference":[22],"for":[23],"airborne":[24],"remote":[25],"sensing,":[26],"mobile":[27],"mapping":[28],"vehicle":[30],"localization":[31],"using":[32],"Kalman":[33],"Filter":[34],"(KF)":[35],"during":[36,156],"the":[37,43,47,61,68,109,115,131,140,145],"availability":[38],"of":[39,56],"GPS":[40,48,73,106,158],"measurements.":[41],"However,":[42],"POS":[44],"suffers":[45],"from":[46],"outages":[49,107],"in":[50],"some":[51],"especial":[52],"environment,":[53],"whose":[54],"accuracy":[55],"motion":[57],"parameters":[58],"degrades":[59],"with":[60,97],"time":[62],"accumulation.":[63],"In":[64],"order":[65],"to":[66,95,113,122,128],"suppress":[67],"performance":[69,151],"degradation":[70],"caused":[71],"by":[72,139],"outages,":[74],"this":[75],"work":[76],"proposes":[77],"hybrid":[79],"predictor":[80],"based":[81],"on":[82],"data-driven":[83],"Deep":[84],"Gaussian":[85,92],"Process":[86,93],"Regression":[87,94],"(DGPR),":[88],"which":[89],"uses":[90],"multi-layer":[91],"deal":[96],"highly":[98],"complex":[99],"data":[100],"relationships":[101],"predictive":[103],"uncertainty.":[104],"Once":[105],"happen,":[108],"proposed":[110,135],"approach":[111,136],"starts":[112],"predict":[114],"observation":[116],"measurement,":[117],"then":[119],"feeds":[120],"it":[121],"KF":[123],"as":[124],"virtual":[126],"update":[127],"estimate":[129],"all":[130],"INS":[132],"errors.":[133],"The":[134],"validated":[138],"real":[141],"flight":[142],"test,":[143],"experimental":[146],"results":[147],"show":[148],"significant":[150],"improvement":[152],"has":[153],"been":[154],"achieved":[155],"various":[157],"outages.":[159]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-05-06T08:25:59.206177","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
