{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3036430724","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3004042","title":"Improved Torque Ripple Minimization Technique With Enhanced Efficiency for Surface- Mounted PMSM Drives","display_name":"Improved Torque Ripple Minimization Technique With Enhanced Efficiency for Surface- Mounted PMSM Drives","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3036430724","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3004042","mag":"3036430724"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2020.3004042","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3004042","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8948470/09121993.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8948470/09121993.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100630253","display_name":"Jinuk Kim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2250-116X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I205490536","display_name":"Dongguk University","ror":"https://ror.org/057q6n778","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205490536"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jinuk Kim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Electronics and Electrical Engineering, Dongguk University, Seoul, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Electronics and Electrical Engineering, Dongguk University, Seoul, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205490536"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003096764","display_name":"Sang\u2010Wook Ryu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0502-4752"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I205490536","display_name":"Dongguk University","ror":"https://ror.org/057q6n778","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205490536"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sang-Wook Ryu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Electronics and Electrical Engineering, Dongguk University, Seoul, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Electronics and Electrical Engineering, Dongguk University, Seoul, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205490536"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063972013","display_name":"Muhammad Saad Rafaq","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6448-0192"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I205490536","display_name":"Dongguk University","ror":"https://ror.org/057q6n778","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205490536"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Muhammad Saad Rafaq","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Electronics and Electrical Engineering, Dongguk University, Seoul, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6448-0192","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Electronics and Electrical Engineering, Dongguk University, Seoul, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205490536"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046872097","display_name":"Han Ho Choi","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I205490536","display_name":"Dongguk University","ror":"https://ror.org/057q6n778","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205490536"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Han Ho Choi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Electronics and Electrical Engineering, Dongguk University, Seoul, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0940-9876","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Electronics and Electrical Engineering, Dongguk University, Seoul, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205490536"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062788679","display_name":"Jin\u2010Woo Jung","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3429-5049"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I205490536","display_name":"Dongguk University","ror":"https://ror.org/057q6n778","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205490536"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jin-Woo Jung","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Electronics and Electrical Engineering, Dongguk University, Seoul, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3429-5049","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Electronics and Electrical Engineering, Dongguk University, Seoul, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205490536"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205490536"],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":0.9763,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":28,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.73206971,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":93,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"8","issue":null,"first_page":"115017","last_page":"115027"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10278","display_name":"Electric Motor Design and Analysis","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10278","display_name":"Electric Motor Design and Analysis","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10504","display_name":"Sensorless Control of Electric Motors","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10228","display_name":"Multilevel Inverters and Converters","score":0.9983999729156494,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-theory","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","score":0.8057525157928467},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/torque-ripple","display_name":"Torque ripple","score":0.7682608366012573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/torque","display_name":"Torque","score":0.7334924936294556},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/digital-signal-processing","display_name":"Digital signal processing","score":0.5820273160934448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/direct-torque-control","display_name":"Direct torque control","score":0.514798104763031},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/minification","display_name":"Minification","score":0.5048392415046692},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/digital-signal-processor","display_name":"Digital signal processor","score":0.4723067283630371},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ampere","display_name":"Ampere","score":0.46777310967445374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ripple","display_name":"Ripple","score":0.4537515938282013},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4443012773990631},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/controller","display_name":"Controller (irrigation)","score":0.44165679812431335},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.3110504746437073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/current","display_name":"Current (fluid)","score":0.30010759830474854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.22544679045677185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control","display_name":"Control (management)","score":0.220566987991333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.18543249368667603},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/induction-motor","display_name":"Induction motor","score":0.15265586972236633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.11283707618713379},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage","display_name":"Voltage","score":0.08818286657333374}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47446073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165890","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","level":3,"score":0.8057525157928467},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779675184","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7826797","display_name":"Torque ripple","level":5,"score":0.7682608366012573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144171764","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48103","display_name":"Torque","level":2,"score":0.7334924936294556},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84462506","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173142","display_name":"Digital signal processing","level":2,"score":0.5820273160934448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109871850","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1227571","display_name":"Direct torque control","level":4,"score":0.514798104763031},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147764199","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6865248","display_name":"Minification","level":2,"score":0.5048392415046692},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161611012","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q106370","display_name":"Digital signal processor","level":3,"score":0.4723067283630371},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4941483","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25272","display_name":"Ampere","level":3,"score":0.46777310967445374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779599953","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1776117","display_name":"Ripple","level":3,"score":0.4537515938282013},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4443012773990631},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203479927","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165939","display_name":"Controller (irrigation)","level":2,"score":0.44165679812431335},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.3110504746437073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148043351","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4456944","display_name":"Current (fluid)","level":2,"score":0.30010759830474854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.22544679045677185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.220566987991333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.18543249368667603},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80962145","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207450","display_name":"Induction motor","level":3,"score":0.15265586972236633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.11283707618713379},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.08818286657333374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97355855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11473","display_name":"Thermodynamics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6557445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173113","display_name":"Agronomy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2020.3004042","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3004042","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8948470/09121993.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:b72042ebfc6d483f97fb58ee5a404b43","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/b72042ebfc6d483f97fb58ee5a404b43","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 8, Pp 115017-115027 (2020)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2020.3004042","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3004042","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8948470/09121993.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8899999856948853,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4255515381","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2018R1D1A1B07046873","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322120","funder_display_name":"National Research Foundation of Korea"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320671","display_name":"National Research Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/05s0g1g46"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322120","display_name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","ror":"https://ror.org/013aysd81"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":25,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1993917498","https://openalex.org/W2029644627","https://openalex.org/W2057883397","https://openalex.org/W2092926412","https://openalex.org/W2106718784","https://openalex.org/W2108671454","https://openalex.org/W2131515588","https://openalex.org/W2140061840","https://openalex.org/W2142641620","https://openalex.org/W2161030111","https://openalex.org/W2410942181","https://openalex.org/W2510900193","https://openalex.org/W2517099811","https://openalex.org/W2552740242","https://openalex.org/W2569023954","https://openalex.org/W2621227348","https://openalex.org/W2744480601","https://openalex.org/W2790234505","https://openalex.org/W2905803205","https://openalex.org/W2911348563","https://openalex.org/W2953925293","https://openalex.org/W2963147369","https://openalex.org/W2997002487","https://openalex.org/W3204659183","https://openalex.org/W6802241420"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2379878679","https://openalex.org/W2349217415","https://openalex.org/W2594177041","https://openalex.org/W2345244343","https://openalex.org/W3010453361","https://openalex.org/W2011341094","https://openalex.org/W2187771390","https://openalex.org/W2387728963","https://openalex.org/W2149849098","https://openalex.org/W2798649203"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"proposes":[2],"an":[3,55],"improved":[4],"torque":[5,19,41,85,100],"ripple":[6],"minimization":[7,13],"(TRM)":[8],"method":[9,96],"using":[10],"model-based":[11,120,124,129],"loss":[12,58],"(LM)":[14],"control":[15,45],"to":[16,87,105],"reduce":[17],"the":[18,23,39,48,61,65,69,73,80,83,90,94,99,106,110,118,122,127],"ripples":[20,101],"and":[21,53,102,126],"enhance":[22],"efficiency":[24,103],"for":[25],"surface-mounted":[26],"permanent":[27],"magnet":[28],"synchronous":[29],"motor":[30],"(SPMSM)":[31],"drives.":[32,92],"The":[33],"conventional":[34,66,107,123,128],"SPMSM":[35,91,136],"drives":[36],"usually":[37],"achieve":[38],"maximum":[40],"per":[42],"ampere":[43],"(MTPA)":[44],"by":[46,78],"applying":[47],"zero":[49,88],"d-axis":[50,75],"current":[51,76],"(ZDC)":[52],"ignore":[54],"actual":[56],"core":[57],"resistance":[59],"in":[60,89],"controller":[62],"design.":[63],"Unlike":[64],"MTPA":[67],"method,":[68],"proposed":[70,95,119],"TRM":[71],"selects":[72],"appropriate":[74],"value":[77],"making":[79],"derivative":[81],"of":[82],"electromagnetic":[84],"equal":[86],"Consequently,":[93],"can":[97],"improve":[98],"compared":[104],"MTPA.":[108],"Using":[109],"proportional-integral":[111],"(PI)":[112],"controllers,":[113],"comparative":[114],"experimental":[115],"verifications":[116],"between":[117],"TRM,":[121],"MTPA,":[125],"LM":[130],"are":[131],"performed":[132],"through":[133],"a":[134,139],"prototype":[135],"drive":[137],"with":[138],"TI":[140],"TMS320F28335":[141],"digital":[142],"signal":[143],"processor":[144],"(DSP).":[145]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-07-15T18:14:33.161393","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}