{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3034851004","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3001852","title":"Blind Calibration of Phase Drift in Millimeter-Wave Channel Sounders","display_name":"Blind Calibration of Phase Drift in Millimeter-Wave Channel Sounders","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3034851004","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3001852","mag":"3034851004"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2020.3001852","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3001852","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8948470/09115009.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8948470/09115009.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000178382","display_name":"J.C.-I. Chuang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9542-4222"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1321296531","display_name":"National Institute of Standards and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05xpvk416","country_code":"US","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1321296531","https://openalex.org/I1343035065"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jack Chuang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Wireless Networks Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Wireless Networks Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1321296531"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066696754","display_name":"Jelena Senic","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3081-5860"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1321296531","display_name":"National Institute of Standards and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05xpvk416","country_code":"US","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1321296531","https://openalex.org/I1343035065"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jelena Senic","raw_affiliation_strings":["Wireless Networks Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Wireless Networks Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1321296531"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038958725","display_name":"Chunmei Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8164-1229"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1321296531","display_name":"National Institute of Standards and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05xpvk416","country_code":"US","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1321296531","https://openalex.org/I1343035065"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chunmei Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Wireless Networks Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Wireless Networks Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1321296531"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062144893","display_name":"Camillo Gentile","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1321296531","display_name":"National Institute of Standards and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05xpvk416","country_code":"US","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1321296531","https://openalex.org/I1343035065"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Camillo Gentile","raw_affiliation_strings":["Wireless Networks Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Wireless Networks Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1321296531"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084564316","display_name":"Sung Yun Jun","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4816-8895"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1321296531","display_name":"National Institute of Standards and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05xpvk416","country_code":"US","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1321296531","https://openalex.org/I1343035065"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sung Yun Jun","raw_affiliation_strings":["RF Technology Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"RF Technology Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1321296531"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001852262","display_name":"Derek Caudill","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7446-5810"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1321296531","display_name":"National Institute of Standards and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05xpvk416","country_code":"US","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1321296531","https://openalex.org/I1343035065"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Derek Caudill","raw_affiliation_strings":["RF Technology Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"RF Technology Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1321296531"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5000178382"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1321296531"],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":0.1027,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.41009002,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"8","issue":null,"first_page":"109557","last_page":"109567"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10936","display_name":"Millimeter-Wave Propagation and Modeling","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10936","display_name":"Millimeter-Wave Propagation and Modeling","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10262","display_name":"Microwave Engineering and Waveguides","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11607","display_name":"Microwave and Dielectric Measurement Techniques","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.6338928937911987},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6224582195281982},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transmitter","display_name":"Transmitter","score":0.5988140106201172},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/synchronization","display_name":"Synchronization (alternating current)","score":0.560111403465271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/extremely-high-frequency","display_name":"Extremely high frequency","score":0.4745291769504547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/calibration","display_name":"Calibration","score":0.4618690311908722},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/signal","display_name":"SIGNAL (programming language)","score":0.43575167655944824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phase","display_name":"Phase (matter)","score":0.42350924015045166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.4082385301589966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.40390872955322266},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.35818883776664734},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acoustics","display_name":"Acoustics","score":0.3291899561882019},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.2986128032207489},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.27077221870422363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.1529572606086731},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.09482663869857788}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.6338928937911987},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6224582195281982},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47798520","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190157","display_name":"Transmitter","level":3,"score":0.5988140106201172},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778562939","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1298791","display_name":"Synchronization (alternating current)","level":3,"score":0.560111403465271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45764600","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q570342","display_name":"Extremely high frequency","level":2,"score":0.4745291769504547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165838908","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q736777","display_name":"Calibration","level":2,"score":0.4618690311908722},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779843651","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7390335","display_name":"SIGNAL (programming language)","level":2,"score":0.43575167655944824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44280652","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q104837","display_name":"Phase (matter)","level":2,"score":0.42350924015045166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.4082385301589966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.40390872955322266},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.35818883776664734},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.3291899561882019},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.2986128032207489},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.27077221870422363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.1529572606086731},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.09482663869857788},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2020.3001852","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3001852","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8948470/09115009.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:6cea775ffe94418eb875e8d635ebb580","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/6cea775ffe94418eb875e8d635ebb580","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 8, Pp 109557-109567 (2020)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2020.3001852","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3001852","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8948470/09115009.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.47999998927116394,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3034851004.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3034851004.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":50,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1613559169","https://openalex.org/W1963799790","https://openalex.org/W1991056455","https://openalex.org/W2010422046","https://openalex.org/W2016939110","https://openalex.org/W2025140908","https://openalex.org/W2025203533","https://openalex.org/W2067840894","https://openalex.org/W2080710283","https://openalex.org/W2084055929","https://openalex.org/W2100784151","https://openalex.org/W2101930172","https://openalex.org/W2113638573","https://openalex.org/W2125324284","https://openalex.org/W2128131274","https://openalex.org/W2129302642","https://openalex.org/W2140728947","https://openalex.org/W2145148742","https://openalex.org/W2161623414","https://openalex.org/W2301789616","https://openalex.org/W2332400893","https://openalex.org/W2416348684","https://openalex.org/W2417807048","https://openalex.org/W2419550500","https://openalex.org/W2431464648","https://openalex.org/W2508375572","https://openalex.org/W2567691953","https://openalex.org/W2586853578","https://openalex.org/W2598778432","https://openalex.org/W2621066182","https://openalex.org/W2762608672","https://openalex.org/W2781709571","https://openalex.org/W2791547969","https://openalex.org/W2792231612","https://openalex.org/W2807001697","https://openalex.org/W2884180828","https://openalex.org/W2898497145","https://openalex.org/W2901863010","https://openalex.org/W2906080497","https://openalex.org/W2941214146","https://openalex.org/W2944970266","https://openalex.org/W2960630095","https://openalex.org/W2964054382","https://openalex.org/W2987756556","https://openalex.org/W4234502143","https://openalex.org/W4294106975","https://openalex.org/W6655042798","https://openalex.org/W6696616432","https://openalex.org/W6762543529","https://openalex.org/W7037730639"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2355663289","https://openalex.org/W2106913410","https://openalex.org/W4380372336","https://openalex.org/W2354248671","https://openalex.org/W2359134391","https://openalex.org/W2947628004","https://openalex.org/W2594116857","https://openalex.org/W2117031777","https://openalex.org/W2502435347","https://openalex.org/W4309910562"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Millimeter-wave":[0],"channel":[1,25,88,135],"sounders":[2],"are":[3],"much":[4],"more":[5],"sensitive":[6],"to":[7,43,80,94,148],"phase":[8,49,83,156],"drift":[9,84,157],"than":[10],"their":[11],"microwave":[12],"counterparts":[13],"by":[14,85],"virtue":[15],"of":[16,155],"shorter":[17],"wavelength.":[18],"This":[19],"matters":[20],"when":[21,111],"coherently":[22],"combining":[23],"untethered":[24],"measurements":[26,127],"-":[27,42],"scanned":[28],"over":[29],"multiple":[30],"antennas":[31],"either":[32],"electronically":[33],"or":[34,39],"mechanically":[35],"in":[36,108,162],"seconds,":[37],"minutes,":[38],"even":[40,107],"hours":[41],"obtain":[44],"directional":[45],"information.":[46],"To":[47,118],"eliminate":[48],"drift,":[50],"a":[51,77],"synchronization":[52],"cable":[53],"between":[54],"the":[55,87,90,112,120,151],"transmitter":[56],"and":[57,64,67,71,161],"receiver":[58],"is":[59,92],"required,":[60],"limiting":[61],"deployment":[62],"range":[63],"flexibility":[65],"indoors,":[66],"precluding":[68],"most":[69,152],"outdoor":[70],"mobile":[72],"scenarios.":[73],"Instead,":[74],"we":[75],"propose":[76],"blind":[78,96],"technique":[79,91,143],"calibrate":[81],"for":[82],"post-processing":[86],"measurements;":[89],"referred":[93],"as":[95,104,137,139],"because":[97],"it":[98,122],"requires":[99],"no":[100],"reference":[101],"signal":[102],"and,":[103],"such,":[105],"works":[106],"non-line-of-sight":[109,163],"conditions":[110],"(reference)":[113],"direct":[114],"path":[115],"goes":[116],"undetected.":[117],"substantiate":[119],"technique,":[121],"was":[123,144],"tested":[124],"on":[125],"real":[126],"collected":[128],"with":[129,150],"our":[130],"60":[131],"GHz":[132],"virtual":[133],"phased-array":[134],"sounder,":[136],"well":[138],"through":[140],"simulation.":[141],"The":[142],"demonstrated":[145],"robust":[146],"enough":[147],"deal":[149],"severe":[153],"case":[154],"(uniformly":[158],"distributed":[159],"phase)":[160],"conditions.":[164]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
