{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3034438386","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3000638","title":"Decision Boundary-Based Anomaly Detection Model Using Improved AnoGAN From ECG Data","display_name":"Decision Boundary-Based Anomaly Detection Model Using Improved AnoGAN From ECG Data","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3034438386","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3000638","mag":"3034438386"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2020.3000638","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3000638","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8948470/09110549.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8948470/09110549.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101491919","display_name":"Dong-Hoon Shin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2616-0865"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28615091","display_name":"Kyonggi University","ror":"https://ror.org/032xf8h46","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28615091"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dong-Hoon Shin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, Kyonggi University, Suwon, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2616-0865","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Kyonggi University, Suwon, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28615091"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066787824","display_name":"Roy C. Park","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4348-9753"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9507","display_name":"Sangji University","ror":"https://ror.org/01gqe3t73","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9507"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Roy C. Park","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information Communication Software Engineering, Sangji University, Wonju, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4348-9753","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Communication Software Engineering, Sangji University, Wonju, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9507"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089226921","display_name":"Kyungyong Chung","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6439-9992"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28615091","display_name":"Kyonggi University","ror":"https://ror.org/032xf8h46","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28615091"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kyungyong Chung","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Computer Science and Engineering, Kyonggi University, Suwon, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6439-9992","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Computer Science and Engineering, Kyonggi University, Suwon, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28615091"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":8.9796,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":51,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97839944,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"8","issue":null,"first_page":"108664","last_page":"108674"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14484","display_name":"Technology and Data Analysis","score":0.9951000213623047,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14484","display_name":"Technology and Data Analysis","score":0.9951000213623047,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13243","display_name":"Innovation in Digital Healthcare Systems","score":0.993399977684021,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3605","display_name":"Health Information Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13924","display_name":"Internet of Things and Social Network Interactions","score":0.9459999799728394,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/discriminator","display_name":"Discriminator","score":0.9096067547798157},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6641247272491455},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6501703858375549},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/anomaly-detection","display_name":"Anomaly detection","score":0.6359862089157104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/supervised-learning","display_name":"Supervised learning","score":0.6051978468894958},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/generator","display_name":"Generator (circuit theory)","score":0.5777550339698792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/decision-boundary","display_name":"Decision boundary","score":0.5770494341850281},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/boundary","display_name":"Boundary (topology)","score":0.5718616247177124},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.47634199261665344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/anomaly","display_name":"Anomaly (physics)","score":0.46543991565704346},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-learning","display_name":"Deep learning","score":0.46045875549316406},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-modeling","display_name":"Data modeling","score":0.45176345109939575},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.4320877194404602},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.3332853317260742},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.21859070658683777},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.1500527560710907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/detector","display_name":"Detector","score":0.13970017433166504},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/support-vector-machine","display_name":"Support vector machine","score":0.12833669781684875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power","display_name":"Power (physics)","score":0.09378737211227417}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779803651","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5282088","display_name":"Discriminator","level":3,"score":0.9096067547798157},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6641247272491455},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6501703858375549},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C739882","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3560506","display_name":"Anomaly detection","level":2,"score":0.6359862089157104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136389625","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q334384","display_name":"Supervised learning","level":3,"score":0.6051978468894958},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780992000","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17016113","display_name":"Generator (circuit theory)","level":3,"score":0.5777550339698792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42023084","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5249231","display_name":"Decision boundary","level":3,"score":0.5770494341850281},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62354387","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q875399","display_name":"Boundary (topology)","level":2,"score":0.5718616247177124},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.47634199261665344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12997251","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q567560","display_name":"Anomaly (physics)","level":2,"score":0.46543991565704346},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.46045875549316406},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67186912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q367664","display_name":"Data modeling","level":2,"score":0.45176345109939575},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.4320877194404602},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.3332853317260742},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.21859070658683777},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.1500527560710907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94915269","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1834857","display_name":"Detector","level":2,"score":0.13970017433166504},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12267149","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q282453","display_name":"Support vector machine","level":2,"score":0.12833669781684875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.09378737211227417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77088390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8513","display_name":"Database","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26873012","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214781","display_name":"Condensed matter physics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2020.3000638","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3000638","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8948470/09110549.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:50dd565675334155add5a5556a4aefc8","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/50dd565675334155add5a5556a4aefc8","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 8, Pp 108664-108674 (2020)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2020.3000638","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3000638","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8948470/09110549.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.6899999976158142,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","display_name":"Reduced inequalities"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3054502009","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"20CTAP-C157011-01","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324625","funder_display_name":"Korea Agency for Infrastructure Technology Advancement"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3116295948","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"20CTAP-C157011-01","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322010","funder_display_name":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322010","display_name":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport","ror":"https://ror.org/04xt5aa77"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324625","display_name":"Korea Agency for Infrastructure Technology Advancement","ror":"https://ror.org/00rxf7n07"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3034438386.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3034438386.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":38,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1494052777","https://openalex.org/W1875842236","https://openalex.org/W2002003417","https://openalex.org/W2004902747","https://openalex.org/W2026653933","https://openalex.org/W2041159833","https://openalex.org/W2051803334","https://openalex.org/W2057064346","https://openalex.org/W2063923412","https://openalex.org/W2094065022","https://openalex.org/W2095409369","https://openalex.org/W2095917950","https://openalex.org/W2124621676","https://openalex.org/W2160538836","https://openalex.org/W2162273778","https://openalex.org/W2187089797","https://openalex.org/W2463934556","https://openalex.org/W2556806401","https://openalex.org/W2599354622","https://openalex.org/W2613996440","https://openalex.org/W2623560286","https://openalex.org/W2765811365","https://openalex.org/W2766848773","https://openalex.org/W2782833090","https://openalex.org/W2910068345","https://openalex.org/W2945485340","https://openalex.org/W2945495000","https://openalex.org/W2961638199","https://openalex.org/W2963045681","https://openalex.org/W2982635462","https://openalex.org/W2990833860","https://openalex.org/W3002289107","https://openalex.org/W3153872861","https://openalex.org/W6683332397","https://openalex.org/W6719095843","https://openalex.org/W6751917112","https://openalex.org/W6758101687","https://openalex.org/W7016021835"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4293202849","https://openalex.org/W1980965563","https://openalex.org/W3040099731","https://openalex.org/W4289406342","https://openalex.org/W2896600774","https://openalex.org/W2592298275","https://openalex.org/W2787038193","https://openalex.org/W2963170156","https://openalex.org/W2800292742","https://openalex.org/W3034438386"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Arrhythmia":[0],"detection":[1,76],"through":[2,8,14],"deep":[3],"learning":[4,12,51,119,122,146],"is":[5,24,160,167,191,204,229,244],"mainly":[6],"classified":[7],"supervised":[9,50],"learning.":[10,67],"Supervised":[11],"progresses":[13],"the":[15,20,72,88,92,95,101,109,117,121,138,145,162,170,186,189,194,199,202,207,215,219,222,226,235,238,242,248],"labeled":[16],"data.":[17,83],"However,":[18],"in":[19],"medical":[21],"field,":[22],"it":[23,134],"challenging":[25],"to":[26,115,128,178,214],"collect":[27],"ECG":[28,35,82],"data":[29,36,42,59],"of":[30,37,58,90,94,103,124,148,154,165,188,196,201,209,217,233],"patients":[31],"with":[32,56],"arrhythmia":[33],"than":[34,254],"healthy":[38],"people,":[39],"and":[40,60,111,152,198,211],"thus":[41],"bias":[43],"occurs.":[44],"Therefore,":[45],"if":[46,108],"you":[47],"use":[48],"a":[49,104,180],"model,":[52],"there":[53],"are":[54,176],"problems":[55],"lack":[57],"imbalance":[61],"between":[62],"labels":[63],"that":[64,137,153,161],"arise":[65],"during":[66],"Accordingly,":[68,169],"this":[69,85],"study":[70],"proposes":[71],"decision":[73,163,181,227],"boundary-based":[74],"Anomaly":[75],"model":[77,190,203,220,236,250],"using":[78],"improved":[79],"AnoGAN":[80,166],"from":[81],"In":[84,131,231,246],"study,":[86],"at":[87],"time":[89],"learning,":[91],"loss":[93,102,140],"Generator":[96,110,125,155],"does":[97],"not":[98],"reduce,":[99],"but":[100],"Discriminator":[105,112,149],"lowers.":[106],"Even":[107],"were":[113],"designed":[114],"have":[116],"same":[118],"count,":[120],"competency":[123],"was":[126,135,142,150,156],"judged":[127],"be":[129],"lowered.":[130],"repeated":[132,171],"experiments,":[133],"found":[136],"best":[139,223],"balance":[141],"achieved":[143],"when":[144,225,241],"count":[147],"1":[151],"4.":[157],"Another":[158],"problem":[159],"boundary":[164,228],"subjective.":[168],"experiments":[172],"based":[173],"on":[174,193,206],"F-measure":[175],"conducted":[177],"determine":[179],"boundary.":[182],"For":[183],"performance":[184,224],"evaluation,":[185],"accuracy":[187,240],"evaluated":[192,205],"basis":[195,208],"Epoch,":[197,234],"goodness-of-fit":[200,253],"AUC":[210],"F-measure.":[212],"According":[213],"evaluation":[216],"F-measure,":[218],"has":[221,237,251],"200.":[230],"terms":[232],"highest":[239],"Epoch":[243],"10.":[245],"addition,":[247],"proposed":[249],"better":[252],"AnoGAN.":[255]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}