{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3027130293","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.2995276","title":"Machine Vision-Based Monitoring Methodology for the Fatigue Cracks in U-Rib-to-Deck Weld Seams","display_name":"Machine Vision-Based Monitoring Methodology for the Fatigue Cracks in U-Rib-to-Deck Weld Seams","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3027130293","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.2995276","mag":"3027130293"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2020.2995276","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.2995276","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8948470/09094652.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8948470/09094652.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069536911","display_name":"Dalei Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9093-7494"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I116953780","display_name":"Tongji University","ror":"https://ror.org/03rc6as71","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I116953780"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dalei Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Civil Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9093-7494","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Civil Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I116953780"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037869400","display_name":"Yiqing Dong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8813-5839"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I116953780","display_name":"Tongji University","ror":"https://ror.org/03rc6as71","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I116953780"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yiqing Dong","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Civil Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8813-5839","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Civil Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I116953780"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074413345","display_name":"Yue Pan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1320-147X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I116953780","display_name":"Tongji University","ror":"https://ror.org/03rc6as71","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I116953780"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yue Pan","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Civil Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, China","College of Electronics and Information Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1320-147X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Civil Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I116953780"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Electronics and Information Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I116953780"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089037577","display_name":"Rujin Ma","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8878-437X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I116953780","display_name":"Tongji University","ror":"https://ror.org/03rc6as71","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I116953780"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rujin Ma","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Civil Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Civil Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I116953780"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I116953780"],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":2.2996,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":38,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.87355293,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"8","issue":null,"first_page":"94204","last_page":"94219"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12169","display_name":"Non-Destructive Testing Techniques","score":0.9977999925613403,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12169","display_name":"Non-Destructive Testing Techniques","score":0.9977999925613403,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14257","display_name":"Advanced Measurement and Detection Methods","score":0.9965999722480774,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12111","display_name":"Industrial Vision Systems and Defect Detection","score":0.9958999752998352,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2209","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deck","display_name":"Deck","score":0.7529013156890869},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/welding","display_name":"Welding","score":0.704384982585907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/structural-engineering","display_name":"Structural engineering","score":0.5404366850852966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/condition-monitoring","display_name":"Condition monitoring","score":0.4318525791168213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4090704917907715},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mining-engineering","display_name":"Mining engineering","score":0.40452033281326294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.3754980266094208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/forensic-engineering","display_name":"Forensic engineering","score":0.3568427264690399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.2593923509120941},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.25494474172592163},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/composite-material","display_name":"Composite material","score":0.1645534336566925}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778966251","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208123","display_name":"Deck","level":2,"score":0.7529013156890869},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19474535","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131172","display_name":"Welding","level":2,"score":0.704384982585907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66938386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q633538","display_name":"Structural engineering","level":1,"score":0.5404366850852966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775846686","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q643012","display_name":"Condition monitoring","level":2,"score":0.4318525791168213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4090704917907715},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C16674752","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1370637","display_name":"Mining engineering","level":1,"score":0.40452033281326294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.3754980266094208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77595967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3151013","display_name":"Forensic engineering","level":1,"score":0.3568427264690399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.2593923509120941},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.25494474172592163},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.1645534336566925},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2020.2995276","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.2995276","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8948470/09094652.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:0a2ad03f31ef4b2caabed1e61e45d0a1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/0a2ad03f31ef4b2caabed1e61e45d0a1","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 8, Pp 94204-94219 (2020)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2020.2995276","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.2995276","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8948470/09094652.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/14","score":0.4099999964237213,"display_name":"Life below water"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1859079686","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"51978514","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3027130293.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3027130293.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":79,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W83567045","https://openalex.org/W618418432","https://openalex.org/W639708223","https://openalex.org/W1502510869","https://openalex.org/W1506121367","https://openalex.org/W1509636799","https://openalex.org/W1513670756","https://openalex.org/W1520822062","https://openalex.org/W1522301498","https://openalex.org/W1595649695","https://openalex.org/W1596173341","https://openalex.org/W1686810756","https://openalex.org/W1862829300","https://openalex.org/W1901129140","https://openalex.org/W1909086877","https://openalex.org/W1975831815","https://openalex.org/W1981456988","https://openalex.org/W1982598481","https://openalex.org/W1989298934","https://openalex.org/W1994865719","https://openalex.org/W2005029343","https://openalex.org/W2015044600","https://openalex.org/W2015407285","https://openalex.org/W2017826892","https://openalex.org/W2022909534","https://openalex.org/W2039993183","https://openalex.org/W2067314934","https://openalex.org/W2076063813","https://openalex.org/W2077070276","https://openalex.org/W2083122430","https://openalex.org/W2095614026","https://openalex.org/W2097117768","https://openalex.org/W2111619626","https://openalex.org/W2126052502","https://openalex.org/W2126060993","https://openalex.org/W2128880484","https://openalex.org/W2134295053","https://openalex.org/W2139591342","https://openalex.org/W2153709524","https://openalex.org/W2161918714","https://openalex.org/W2166893195","https://openalex.org/W2186615578","https://openalex.org/W2194775991","https://openalex.org/W2285976668","https://openalex.org/W2325975990","https://openalex.org/W2337206993","https://openalex.org/W2395611524","https://openalex.org/W2412782625","https://openalex.org/W2520427900","https://openalex.org/W2549139847","https://openalex.org/W2560023338","https://openalex.org/W2597512890","https://openalex.org/W2598457882","https://openalex.org/W2618530766","https://openalex.org/W2765854388","https://openalex.org/W2768955070","https://openalex.org/W2792249564","https://openalex.org/W2792758958","https://openalex.org/W2793513544","https://openalex.org/W2795998052","https://openalex.org/W2888477054","https://openalex.org/W2889494142","https://openalex.org/W2890007432","https://openalex.org/W2904718489","https://openalex.org/W2905163589","https://openalex.org/W2919115771","https://openalex.org/W2919816425","https://openalex.org/W2941356554","https://openalex.org/W2951027780","https://openalex.org/W2963446712","https://openalex.org/W4297775537","https://openalex.org/W6631012428","https://openalex.org/W6631190155","https://openalex.org/W6637373629","https://openalex.org/W6639824700","https://openalex.org/W6667382291","https://openalex.org/W6684323423","https://openalex.org/W6686509673","https://openalex.org/W6737664043"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2090627601","https://openalex.org/W2360284406","https://openalex.org/W2320461077","https://openalex.org/W2403075121","https://openalex.org/W2029142719","https://openalex.org/W4235740172","https://openalex.org/W2115421759","https://openalex.org/W4200226287","https://openalex.org/W2057237112","https://openalex.org/W1985405103"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"orthotropic":[1],"steel-box":[2],"girder":[3],"(OSG)":[4],"is":[5,49,67,107,125,155,175,193,240,271],"widely":[6],"used":[7],"in":[8,51,103,109,248,256,286],"the":[9,20,28,44,61,65,76,83,86,92,100,181,197,224,233,237,245,253,278,283,292],"construction":[10],"of":[11,26,46,63,72,79,85,88,118,135,200,274,282],"a":[12,80,94,115,136,141,150,161,168,185,201,210,217],"large-scale":[13],"bridges.":[14],"Since":[15],"cumulative":[16],"damages":[17],"caused":[18],"by":[19],"heavy":[21],"vehicles":[22],"and":[23,71,82,128,145,157,179,207,230,252,258,265,280],"initial":[24],"flaws":[25],"welding,":[27],"bridges":[29,285],"with":[30],"OSGs":[31],"frequently":[32],"suffer":[33],"from":[34,227],"fatigue":[35,47,101,137,164,246,295],"cracks,":[36,64],"which":[37],"are":[38],"commonly":[39],"distributed":[40],"around":[41,91],"U-ribs.":[42],"Hence,":[43],"management":[45,279],"cracks":[48,102,247,296],"mandatory":[50],"practical":[52,275],"engineering.":[53],"Although":[54],"some":[55],"techniques":[56],"have":[57],"been":[58],"adopted":[59],"for":[60,99,159,291],"detection":[62],"workflow":[66],"often":[68],"labor-intensive,":[69],"time-consuming,":[70],"low-temporal":[73],"resolution.":[74],"Considering":[75],"optical":[77],"visibility":[78],"crack":[81,165,171,182],"limitation":[84],"shape":[87],"an":[89],"over-welding-hole":[90],"U-rib,":[93],"machine":[95],"vision-based":[96,231],"monitoring":[97],"methodology":[98,239],"U-rib-to-deck":[104,249],"weld":[105,250],"seams":[106],"proposed":[108,238],"this":[110],"paper.":[111],"To":[112],"be":[113,262],"specific,":[114],"specific":[116],"Internet":[117],"Things":[119],"(IoT)":[120],"based":[121,148,189],"image":[122,143,191],"acquisition":[123],"device":[124],"first":[126],"developed":[127,176],"introduced":[129],"to":[130,177,195,243,277],"obtain":[131,196],"precisely":[132],"part-view":[133],"images":[134],"crack.":[138],"As":[139],"followed,":[140],"novel":[142],"rectification":[144],"stitching":[146],"method":[147],"on":[149,190,216,294],"specified":[151],"coded":[152],"calibration":[153],"board":[154],"innovated":[156],"described":[158],"generating":[160],"measurable":[162],"panoramic":[163],"image.":[166],"Furthermore,":[167],"deep":[169],"learning-based":[170],"detection-segmentation":[172],"integrated":[173],"algorithm":[174],"detect":[178],"segment":[180],"areas.":[183],"Afterwards,":[184],"feature":[186],"extraction":[187],"procedure":[188],"processing":[192],"explored":[194],"morphological":[198],"features":[199],"crack,":[202],"involving":[203],"its":[204],"area,":[205],"length":[206,257],"width.":[208],"Finally,":[209],"field":[211],"experiment":[212],"was":[213],"carried":[214],"out":[215],"real":[218],"steel":[219],"suspension":[220],"bridge.":[221],"By":[222],"comparing":[223],"measurements":[225],"both":[226],"manual":[228],"measuring":[229,260],"monitoring,":[232],"results":[234],"indicate":[235],"that":[236],"very":[241],"promising":[242],"monitor":[244],"seams,":[251],"root-mean-square":[254],"errors":[255],"width":[259],"could":[261],"3.0195":[263],"mm":[264],"0.003":[266],"mm,":[267],"respectively.":[268],"This":[269],"work":[270],"not":[272],"only":[273],"value":[276],"maintenance":[281],"OSG":[284],"engineering,":[287],"but":[288],"also":[289],"critical":[290],"researches":[293],"propagation.":[297]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
