{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3028325023","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.2995198","title":"A Novel Method of Bearing Fault Diagnosis in Time-Frequency Graphs Using InceptionResnet and Deformable Convolution Networks","display_name":"A Novel Method of Bearing Fault Diagnosis in Time-Frequency Graphs Using InceptionResnet and Deformable Convolution Networks","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3028325023","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.2995198","mag":"3028325023"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2020.2995198","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.2995198","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8948470/09094580.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8948470/09094580.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100354322","display_name":"Shaobo Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4759-6000"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I178232147","display_name":"Guizhou University","ror":"https://ror.org/02wmsc916","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I178232147"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shaobo Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Advanced Manufacturing Technology of Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China","School of Mechanical Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4759-6000","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Advanced Manufacturing Technology of Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I178232147"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Mechanical Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I178232147"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101792796","display_name":"Wanli Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3053-9686"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I178232147","display_name":"Guizhou University","ror":"https://ror.org/02wmsc916","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I178232147"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wanli Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Mechanical Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3053-9686","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Mechanical Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I178232147"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059914660","display_name":"Ansi Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5888-1184"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I178232147","display_name":"Guizhou University","ror":"https://ror.org/02wmsc916","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I178232147"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ansi Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Advanced Manufacturing Technology of Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5888-1184","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Advanced Manufacturing Technology of Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I178232147"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101533079","display_name":"Huibin Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6843-0507"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I178232147","display_name":"Guizhou University","ror":"https://ror.org/02wmsc916","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I178232147"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Huibin Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Advanced Manufacturing Technology of Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6843-0507","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Advanced Manufacturing Technology of Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I178232147"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102790296","display_name":"Jinyuan Huang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2078-7117"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I178232147","display_name":"Guizhou University","ror":"https://ror.org/02wmsc916","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I178232147"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jinyuan Huang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Mechanical Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2078-7117","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Mechanical Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I178232147"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101759314","display_name":"Chuanjiang Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9595-6341"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I178232147","display_name":"Guizhou University","ror":"https://ror.org/02wmsc916","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I178232147"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chuanjiang Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Advanced Manufacturing Technology of Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9595-6341","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Advanced Manufacturing Technology of Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I178232147"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060537711","display_name":"Jianjun Hu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8725-6660"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I155781252","display_name":"University of South Carolina","ror":"https://ror.org/02b6qw903","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I155781252"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I178232147","display_name":"Guizhou University","ror":"https://ror.org/02wmsc916","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I178232147"]}],"countries":["CN","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jianjun Hu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Mechanical Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China","University of South Carolina, Columbia, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8725-6660","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Mechanical Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I178232147"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of South Carolina, Columbia, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I155781252"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":2.6852,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":26,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.91884885,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"8","issue":null,"first_page":"92743","last_page":"92753"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11512","display_name":"Anomaly Detection Techniques and Applications","score":0.9854999780654907,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11512","display_name":"Anomaly Detection Techniques and Applications","score":0.9854999780654907,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10220","display_name":"Machine Fault Diagnosis Techniques","score":0.9843000173568726,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11609","display_name":"Geophysical Methods and Applications","score":0.9771999716758728,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2212","display_name":"Ocean Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convolution","display_name":"Convolution (computer science)","score":0.8218311071395874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6706805229187012},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bearing","display_name":"Bearing (navigation)","score":0.49779272079467773},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/time\u2013frequency-analysis","display_name":"Time\u2013frequency analysis","score":0.49584659934043884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fault","display_name":"Fault (geology)","score":0.495505690574646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/overlap\u2013add-method","display_name":"Overlap\u2013add method","score":0.41831329464912415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.39462852478027344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.2552000880241394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.211014986038208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.1314660906791687},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-analysis","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","score":0.12456566095352173},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.12042236328125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fourier-transform","display_name":"Fourier transform","score":0.09124645590782166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.07592809200286865}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45347329","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5166604","display_name":"Convolution (computer science)","level":3,"score":0.8218311071395874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6706805229187012},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199978012","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1273815","display_name":"Bearing (navigation)","level":2,"score":0.49779272079467773},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142433447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7806653","display_name":"Time\u2013frequency analysis","level":3,"score":0.49584659934043884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175551986","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47089","display_name":"Fault (geology)","level":2,"score":0.495505690574646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C181002996","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1611641","display_name":"Overlap\u2013add method","level":5,"score":0.41831329464912415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.39462852478027344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.2552000880241394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.211014986038208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.1314660906791687},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.12456566095352173},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.12042236328125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C102519508","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6520159","display_name":"Fourier transform","level":2,"score":0.09124645590782166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.07592809200286865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76563020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4817582","display_name":"Fractional Fourier transform","level":4,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165205528","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83371","display_name":"Seismology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C554190296","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47528","display_name":"Radar","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203024314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1365258","display_name":"Fourier analysis","level":3,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2020.2995198","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.2995198","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8948470/09094580.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:adfb6270233d4cb4b92786acb74b25c6","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/adfb6270233d4cb4b92786acb74b25c6","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 8, Pp 92743-92753 (2020)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2020.2995198","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.2995198","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8948470/09094580.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2920952138","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"91746116","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320336617","funder_display_name":"Science and Technology Program of Guizhou Province"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G315033406","display_name":"\u653f\u5e9c\u516c\u5171\u5927\u6570\u636e\u8d44\u6e90\u5171\u4eab\u4e0e\u6cbb\u7406\u673a\u5236\u53ca\u5b9e\u8df5\u7814\u7a76","funder_award_id":"91746116","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320336617","display_name":"Science and Technology Program of Guizhou Province","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3028325023.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3028325023.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":44,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W639708223","https://openalex.org/W1601795611","https://openalex.org/W2026430219","https://openalex.org/W2112796928","https://openalex.org/W2117130368","https://openalex.org/W2144015117","https://openalex.org/W2160815625","https://openalex.org/W2183341477","https://openalex.org/W2336464721","https://openalex.org/W2530133016","https://openalex.org/W2584994008","https://openalex.org/W2601564443","https://openalex.org/W2743905801","https://openalex.org/W2744790985","https://openalex.org/W2793629656","https://openalex.org/W2798673311","https://openalex.org/W2804902458","https://openalex.org/W2810292802","https://openalex.org/W2810323699","https://openalex.org/W2893747136","https://openalex.org/W2902443160","https://openalex.org/W2907856150","https://openalex.org/W2912677700","https://openalex.org/W2913125146","https://openalex.org/W2918670247","https://openalex.org/W2931331224","https://openalex.org/W2937299048","https://openalex.org/W2946121192","https://openalex.org/W2950776302","https://openalex.org/W2955243897","https://openalex.org/W2956009450","https://openalex.org/W2964309882","https://openalex.org/W2964350391","https://openalex.org/W2967115638","https://openalex.org/W2972786891","https://openalex.org/W2978809223","https://openalex.org/W2979617155","https://openalex.org/W2997940326","https://openalex.org/W6620707391","https://openalex.org/W6694260854","https://openalex.org/W6728255800","https://openalex.org/W6729482032","https://openalex.org/W6748481559","https://openalex.org/W6758969204"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2267589039","https://openalex.org/W2369791303","https://openalex.org/W4372260258","https://openalex.org/W2575656761","https://openalex.org/W2065631063","https://openalex.org/W2378667342","https://openalex.org/W2133280289","https://openalex.org/W2360069155","https://openalex.org/W2594567802","https://openalex.org/W2759540840"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Bearing":[0],"fault":[1,36,61,75,196],"diagnosis":[2],"has":[3,45],"attracted":[4],"increasing":[5],"attention":[6],"due":[7,63],"to":[8,58,64,118,127,129,159],"its":[9],"importance":[10],"in":[11,32,49,74,105,137],"the":[12,33,97,120,130,142,153,164,169,173],"health":[13],"status":[14],"of":[15,35,100,123,152,172,180],"rotating":[16],"machinery.":[17],"The":[18],"data-driven":[19],"models":[20],"based":[21,183],"on":[22,184],"deep":[23],"learning":[24],"(DL)":[25],"have":[26],"become":[27],"more":[28,30],"and":[29,38,108,112,133,149,156,188,193],"intelligent":[31],"field":[34,136],"diagnosis,":[37],"among":[39],"them":[40],"convolutional":[41],"neural":[42],"network":[43],"(CNN)":[44],"been":[46],"widely":[47],"used":[48],"recent":[50],"researches.":[51],"However,":[52],"traditional":[53],"CNN":[54,203],"is":[55],"not":[56],"easy":[57],"capture":[59],"right":[60],"features":[62,162],"their":[65],"fixed":[66],"geometric":[67],"structures,":[68],"especially":[69],"under":[70],"complex":[71],"working":[72],"conditions":[73],"diagnosis.":[76],"To":[77,167],"address":[78],"these":[79],"challenges,":[80],"we":[81,176],"propose":[82],"a":[83,109,178],"novel":[84],"model":[85,190],"by":[86],"combining":[87],"InceptionResnetV2":[88],"with":[89,102,200],"Deformable":[90],"Convolution":[91],"Networks,":[92],"named":[93],"DeIN.":[94],"We":[95],"replace":[96],"basic":[98],"form":[99],"convolution":[101,104],"deformable":[103],"specific":[106],"layers,":[107],"main":[110],"classifier":[111,115],"an":[113],"auxiliary":[114],"are":[116,145],"designed":[117],"output":[119],"classification":[121,197],"result":[122],"our":[124,189],"proposed":[125,154,174],"model,":[126,155,175],"adapt":[128],"non-rigid":[131],"characters":[132],"larger":[134],"receptive":[135],"time-frequency":[138],"graph":[139],"(TFG).":[140],"Experimentally,":[141],"one-dimensional":[143],"signals":[144],"transformed":[146],"into":[147],"TFGs":[148],"as":[150],"input":[151],"this":[157],"aims":[158],"find":[160],"useful":[161],"during":[163],"training":[165],"process.":[166],"verify":[168],"generalization":[170],"ability":[171],"apply":[177],"set":[179],"cross-over":[181],"tests":[182],"two":[185],"popular":[186],"datasets,":[187],"achieved":[191],"99.87%":[192],"94.52%":[194],"highest-precision":[195],"results":[198],"comparing":[199],"other":[201],"state-of-the-art":[202],"models.":[204]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-07-15T18:14:33.161393","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}