{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3025723066","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.2994530","title":"Fault-Tolerant Stability Control for Independent Four-Wheel Drive Electric Vehicle Under Actuator Fault Conditions","display_name":"Fault-Tolerant Stability Control for Independent Four-Wheel Drive Electric Vehicle Under Actuator Fault Conditions","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3025723066","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.2994530","mag":"3025723066"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2020.2994530","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.2994530","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8948470/09093041.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8948470/09093041.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103075381","display_name":"Kibeom Lee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9745-7116"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I122706678","display_name":"Halla University","ror":"https://ror.org/03kw5ag50","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I122706678"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kibeom Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Mechanical and Automobile Engineering, Halla University, Wonju, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9745-7116","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Mechanical and Automobile Engineering, Halla University, Wonju, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I122706678"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100704974","display_name":"Minyoung Lee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1871-7873"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210111434","display_name":"Korea Institute of Machinery & Materials","ror":"https://ror.org/01qcq9d74","country_code":"KR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801339556","https://openalex.org/I2801339556","https://openalex.org/I4210111434","https://openalex.org/I4210144908","https://openalex.org/I4387152098","https://openalex.org/I4387152098"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Minyoung Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials (KIMM), Daejeon, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1871-7873","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials (KIMM), Daejeon, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210111434"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":1.1207,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":30,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.7809114,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"8","issue":null,"first_page":"91368","last_page":"91378"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10805","display_name":"Vehicle Dynamics and Control Systems","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10805","display_name":"Vehicle Dynamics and Control Systems","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10808","display_name":"Electric and Hybrid Vehicle Technologies","score":0.9975000023841858,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11372","display_name":"Hydraulic and Pneumatic Systems","score":0.9962000250816345,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/actuator","display_name":"Actuator","score":0.7958874702453613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-theory","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","score":0.7415565252304077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fault-tolerance","display_name":"Fault tolerance","score":0.6175380945205688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fault","display_name":"Fault (geology)","score":0.5172793865203857},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/automotive-engineering","display_name":"Automotive engineering","score":0.47945845127105713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stability","display_name":"Stability (learning theory)","score":0.4581121802330017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control","display_name":"Control (management)","score":0.4477764964103699},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electric-vehicle","display_name":"Electric vehicle","score":0.43145880103111267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.42016762495040894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.24973607063293457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.11115050315856934}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C172707124","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q423488","display_name":"Actuator","level":2,"score":0.7958874702453613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47446073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165890","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","level":3,"score":0.7415565252304077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63540848","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3140932","display_name":"Fault tolerance","level":2,"score":0.6175380945205688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175551986","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47089","display_name":"Fault (geology)","level":2,"score":0.5172793865203857},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171146098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q124192","display_name":"Automotive engineering","level":1,"score":0.47945845127105713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112972136","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7595718","display_name":"Stability (learning theory)","level":2,"score":0.4581121802330017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.4477764964103699},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776422217","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13629441","display_name":"Electric vehicle","level":3,"score":0.43145880103111267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.42016762495040894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.24973607063293457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.11115050315856934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165205528","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83371","display_name":"Seismology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2020.2994530","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.2994530","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8948470/09093041.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:cf52a4630d3a4ad78dde94e83bdaeb58","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/cf52a4630d3a4ad78dde94e83bdaeb58","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 8, Pp 91368-91378 (2020)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2020.2994530","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.2994530","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8948470/09093041.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.6800000071525574}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2618540743","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"UM19303RD3","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334874","funder_display_name":"Defense Acquisition Program Administration"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3471515581","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"UM19303RD3","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321681","funder_display_name":"Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321681","display_name":"Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy","ror":"https://ror.org/008nkqk13"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320329473","display_name":"Institute of Civil-Military Technology Cooperation","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334874","display_name":"Defense Acquisition Program Administration","ror":"https://ror.org/04bjg9m96"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3025723066.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3025723066.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":43,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1544016679","https://openalex.org/W1593571949","https://openalex.org/W1976149175","https://openalex.org/W2013705542","https://openalex.org/W2019708972","https://openalex.org/W2024612528","https://openalex.org/W2028476250","https://openalex.org/W2047461093","https://openalex.org/W2049560104","https://openalex.org/W2051618182","https://openalex.org/W2051693066","https://openalex.org/W2054684875","https://openalex.org/W2104532649","https://openalex.org/W2123132326","https://openalex.org/W2125937224","https://openalex.org/W2144943016","https://openalex.org/W2151595976","https://openalex.org/W2158028466","https://openalex.org/W2158910224","https://openalex.org/W2175322757","https://openalex.org/W2219957880","https://openalex.org/W2281813149","https://openalex.org/W2329385280","https://openalex.org/W2344626611","https://openalex.org/W2345026604","https://openalex.org/W2461905505","https://openalex.org/W2546702320","https://openalex.org/W2592085773","https://openalex.org/W2758919913","https://openalex.org/W2774455956","https://openalex.org/W2788592954","https://openalex.org/W2792541292","https://openalex.org/W2793375259","https://openalex.org/W2803865691","https://openalex.org/W2804753525","https://openalex.org/W2806122632","https://openalex.org/W2965709693","https://openalex.org/W2990722093","https://openalex.org/W3005815918","https://openalex.org/W4206713226","https://openalex.org/W4253756742","https://openalex.org/W6683468195","https://openalex.org/W6772984936"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2099333796","https://openalex.org/W1999058329","https://openalex.org/W2011222276","https://openalex.org/W2080330449","https://openalex.org/W2007221537","https://openalex.org/W2490690736","https://openalex.org/W785766289","https://openalex.org/W2185997459","https://openalex.org/W2967125373","https://openalex.org/W2063875960"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Various":[0],"torque":[1,85],"distribution":[2,86],"and":[3,59,87,102,118,141,149],"stability":[4,55,70,88],"control":[5,71,81,89,93],"algorithms":[6,22],"have":[7],"been":[8],"studied":[9],"along":[10],"with":[11,127],"the":[12,29,53,68,162,177],"development":[13],"of":[14,20,94,155],"four-wheel":[15,31],"drive":[16,32,38],"vehicles.":[17],"But,":[18],"most":[19],"those":[21],"focus":[23],"only":[24],"on":[25,36],"performance":[26,120],"improvement.":[27],"Since":[28],"independent":[30],"system":[33,83],"is":[34,56,77,125,165],"based":[35],"four":[37],"motors,":[39],"faults":[40],"can":[41,63,179],"occur":[42],"in":[43],"a":[44,50,60,168,172],"motor":[45,95,116,119,133,136],"or":[46],"an":[47],"inverter.":[48],"If":[49],"fault":[51,115,129],"occurs,":[52],"vehicle":[54,111],"not":[57],"guaranteed":[58],"fatal":[61],"accident":[62],"occur.":[64],"In":[65],"this":[66],"study,":[67],"fault-tolerant":[69,80],"algorithm":[72,164],"for":[73],"remaining":[74],"healthy":[75],"motors":[76,156],"proposed.":[78],"This":[79],"(FTC)":[82],"contains":[84],"algorithms.":[90],"For":[91],"accurate":[92],"allocation,":[96],"driving":[97,150,158],"conditions":[98,130],"such":[99,113],"as":[100,108,110,114],"under/over-steering,":[101],"steering":[103,143],"direction":[104],"should":[105],"be":[106],"considered,":[107],"well":[109],"condition":[112],"location":[117],"limits.":[121],"The":[122,146],"proposed":[123],"FTC":[124,163],"evaluated":[126],"two":[128],"(e.g.,":[131],"front":[132],"fault,":[134],"rear":[135],"fault)":[137],"under":[138],"straight":[139],"acceleration":[140,144],"constant":[142],"scenarios.":[145],"behavior":[147],"characteristics":[148],"risks":[151],"caused":[152],"by":[153],"failures":[154],"while":[157],"are":[159],"analyzed.":[160],"Also,":[161],"accurately":[166],"follow":[167],"desired":[169],"path":[170],"within":[171],"minimum":[173],"error":[174],"range":[175],"that":[176],"driver":[178],"cover.":[180]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
