{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3025114844","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.2994244","title":"An Effective Maximum Distortion Controlling Technology in the Dual-Image-Based Reversible Data Hiding Scheme","display_name":"An Effective Maximum Distortion Controlling Technology in the Dual-Image-Based Reversible Data Hiding Scheme","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3025114844","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.2994244","mag":"3025114844"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2020.2994244","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.2994244","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8948470/09091789.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8948470/09091789.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084502043","display_name":"Tzu-Chuen Lu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7305-4622"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I126145234","display_name":"Chaoyang University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04xwksx09","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126145234"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Tzu-Chuen Lu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Chaoyang University of Technology, Taichung, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7305-4622","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Chaoyang University of Technology, Taichung, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126145234"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074744828","display_name":"Ting-Chi Chang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I162838928","display_name":"National Chung Hsing University","ror":"https://ror.org/05vn3ca78","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I162838928"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ting-Chi Chang","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162838928"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019824357","display_name":"Jau-Ji Shen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6605-7374"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I162838928","display_name":"National Chung Hsing University","ror":"https://ror.org/05vn3ca78","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I162838928"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jau-Ji Shen","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162838928"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5084502043"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126145234"],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":0.7846,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":12,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.7399268,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"8","issue":null,"first_page":"90824","last_page":"90837"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10388","display_name":"Advanced Steganography and Watermarking Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10388","display_name":"Advanced Steganography and Watermarking Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11017","display_name":"Chaos-based Image/Signal Encryption","score":0.9912999868392944,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12357","display_name":"Digital Media Forensic Detection","score":0.9861000180244446,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-hiding","display_name":"Information hiding","score":0.7804346084594727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distortion","display_name":"Distortion (music)","score":0.68818199634552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/steganography","display_name":"Steganography","score":0.6534459590911865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pixel","display_name":"Pixel","score":0.6087587475776672},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-quality","display_name":"Image quality","score":0.5634675621986389},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5627435445785522},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/code","display_name":"Code (set theory)","score":0.5360427498817444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.5174379944801331},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedding","display_name":"Embedding","score":0.49334850907325745},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.4479047954082489},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/block","display_name":"Block (permutation group theory)","score":0.44292640686035156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.4310510754585266},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/encoding","display_name":"Encoding (memory)","score":0.4299432933330536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.3632689416408539},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.3257909417152405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.32140052318573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.11211708188056946}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3073032","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15912075","display_name":"Information hiding","level":3,"score":0.7804346084594727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126780896","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q899871","display_name":"Distortion (music)","level":4,"score":0.68818199634552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108801101","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15032","display_name":"Steganography","level":3,"score":0.6534459590911865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160633673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q355198","display_name":"Pixel","level":2,"score":0.6087587475776672},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55020928","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3813865","display_name":"Image quality","level":3,"score":0.5634675621986389},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5627435445785522},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776760102","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5139990","display_name":"Code (set theory)","level":3,"score":0.5360427498817444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.5174379944801331},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41608201","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q980509","display_name":"Embedding","level":2,"score":0.49334850907325745},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4479047954082489},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777210771","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4927124","display_name":"Block (permutation group theory)","level":2,"score":0.44292640686035156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.4310510754585266},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C125411270","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18653","display_name":"Encoding (memory)","level":2,"score":0.4299432933330536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.3632689416408539},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.3257909417152405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.32140052318573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.11211708188056946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194257627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q211554","display_name":"Amplifier","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776257435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1576430","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2020.2994244","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.2994244","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8948470/09091789.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:9783b1802bb847a295229357fe8371a4","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/9783b1802bb847a295229357fe8371a4","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 8, Pp 90824-90837 (2020)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:ir.lib.nchu.edu.tw:11455/100459","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/11455/100459","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"journal article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2020.2994244","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.2994244","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8948470/09091789.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8876317005","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"108-2221-E-324-017","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322108","funder_display_name":"Ministry of Science and Technology"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322108","display_name":"Ministry of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/032e49973"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3025114844.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3025114844.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":33,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1537374631","https://openalex.org/W1570710652","https://openalex.org/W1974641035","https://openalex.org/W1979815644","https://openalex.org/W2007985480","https://openalex.org/W2015650256","https://openalex.org/W2044332951","https://openalex.org/W2058135112","https://openalex.org/W2067674530","https://openalex.org/W2070482985","https://openalex.org/W2082978919","https://openalex.org/W2105019220","https://openalex.org/W2105770740","https://openalex.org/W2115924904","https://openalex.org/W2118296934","https://openalex.org/W2121036560","https://openalex.org/W2135459805","https://openalex.org/W2137010171","https://openalex.org/W2144088652","https://openalex.org/W2161022751","https://openalex.org/W2163868069","https://openalex.org/W2312292273","https://openalex.org/W2552727405","https://openalex.org/W2565527502","https://openalex.org/W2598601978","https://openalex.org/W2613355018","https://openalex.org/W2762823399","https://openalex.org/W2805507005","https://openalex.org/W2928059071","https://openalex.org/W2971691013","https://openalex.org/W3029845004","https://openalex.org/W4238963040","https://openalex.org/W6675685989"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3203504906","https://openalex.org/W2497446005","https://openalex.org/W3190769222","https://openalex.org/W2171676767","https://openalex.org/W4312890355","https://openalex.org/W2189589914","https://openalex.org/W83713408","https://openalex.org/W4293373802","https://openalex.org/W4318577714","https://openalex.org/W1716757876"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,21,98,185],"dual-image":[1,22,51],"information":[2],"hiding":[3,15,23,52],"method":[4,66,192],"has":[5],"received":[6],"considerable":[7],"research":[8],"attention":[9],"on":[10],"account":[11],"of":[12,49,57,83,119,127,142,147,156,221,245],"its":[13],"high":[14],"capacity":[16,45],"and":[17,46,64,75,91,131],"favorable":[18],"stego-image":[19,223],"quality.":[20,97],"technology":[24],"encodes":[25,76],"secret":[26,38,77,110,158,164],"data":[27],"across":[28],"two":[29,87,183],"images,":[30],"requiring":[31],"both":[32],"stego-images":[33],"to":[34,93,107,115,134,153,214,241],"recover":[35],"the":[36,43,50,55,58,61,65,81,95,117,124,140,143,154,157,174,179,190,215,218,222,229,243,246],"correct":[37],"data.":[39],"Many":[40],"factors":[41],"affect":[42],"embedding":[44,198],"image":[47,96,136,204,219],"quality":[48,205,220],"method,":[53],"including":[54],"nature":[56],"hidden":[59],"data,":[60,78],"block":[62],"size,":[63],"by":[67],"which":[68,112],"pixels":[69],"are":[70,105],"modified.":[71],"This":[72],"study":[73,236],"analyzes":[74],"while":[79],"controlling":[80],"degree":[82],"pixel":[84],"distortion":[85,126,171],"using":[86,168],"parameters":[88],"-":[89],"NC":[90,99],"MXD":[92,122],"improve":[94,139],"parameter":[100],"controls":[101],"how":[102],"many":[103,238],"codes":[104],"used":[106,114,133],"re-encode":[108],"a":[109,145,169,196,202],"symbol,":[111],"is":[113,132],"control":[116],"number":[118],"code":[120,129,175],"combinations.":[121],"specifies":[123],"maximum":[125],"each":[128],"combination":[130],"limit":[135],"distortion.":[137],"To":[138],"effectiveness":[141],"encoding,":[144],"pair":[146],"digital":[148],"combinations":[149],"was":[150,166,176,224,232],"assigned":[151],"according":[152],"frequency":[155],"numeric":[159],"messages.":[160],"A":[161],"highly":[162],"uniform":[163],"message":[165],"encoded":[167],"small":[170],"code.":[172],"Subsequently,":[173],"concealed":[177],"within":[178],"cover":[180],"image,":[181,217],"generating":[182],"stego-images.":[184],"experimental":[186],"results":[187],"indicate":[188],"that":[189],"proposed":[191,230,247],"achieved":[193],"not":[194],"only":[195],"better":[197],"rate":[199],"but":[200],"also":[201],"greater":[203],"compared":[206],"with":[207,212],"previous":[208],"methods.":[209],"In":[210],"particular,":[211],"regard":[213],"smooth":[216],"higher":[225],"than":[226],"64.27dB":[227],"when":[228],"scheme":[231],"applied.":[233],"Furthermore,":[234],"this":[235],"utilized":[237],"steganalytic":[239],"technologies":[240],"validate":[242],"security":[244],"scheme.":[248]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-05-06T08:25:59.206177","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}