{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3016137691","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.2986016","title":"Design and Analysis of Low Power and High SFDR Direct Digital Frequency Synthesizer","display_name":"Design and Analysis of Low Power and High SFDR Direct Digital Frequency Synthesizer","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3016137691","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.2986016","mag":"3016137691"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2020.2986016","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.2986016","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8948470/09057660.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8948470/09057660.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102965830","display_name":"Ji-Min Choi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5750-3563"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I67900169","display_name":"Chung-Ang University","ror":"https://ror.org/01r024a98","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67900169"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ji-Min Choi","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I67900169"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060023517","display_name":"Dong-Hyun Yoon","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9394-8789"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I67900169","display_name":"Chung-Ang University","ror":"https://ror.org/01r024a98","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67900169"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dong-Hyun Yoon","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9394-8789","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I67900169"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085914257","display_name":"Dong-Kyu Jung","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8833-5184"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I67900169","display_name":"Chung-Ang University","ror":"https://ror.org/01r024a98","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67900169"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dong-Kyu Jung","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I67900169"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013137569","display_name":"Kiho Seong","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I67900169","display_name":"Chung-Ang University","ror":"https://ror.org/01r024a98","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67900169"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kiho Seong","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7735-5956","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I67900169"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088024311","display_name":"Jae\u2010Soub Han","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0287-4011"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I67900169","display_name":"Chung-Ang University","ror":"https://ror.org/01r024a98","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67900169"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jae-Soub Han","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I67900169"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023457389","display_name":"Woojoo Lee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5736-4583"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I67900169","display_name":"Chung-Ang University","ror":"https://ror.org/01r024a98","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67900169"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Woojoo Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I67900169"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046877168","display_name":"Kwang\u2010Hyun Baek","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0046-3211"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I67900169","display_name":"Chung-Ang University","ror":"https://ror.org/01r024a98","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67900169"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kwang-Hyun Baek","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I67900169"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5102965830"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I67900169"],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":0.9363,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":15,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.74313412,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"8","issue":null,"first_page":"67581","last_page":"67590"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11417","display_name":"Advancements in PLL and VCO Technologies","score":0.9930999875068665,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11417","display_name":"Advancements in PLL and VCO Technologies","score":0.9930999875068665,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10299","display_name":"Photonic and Optical Devices","score":0.989799976348877,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10323","display_name":"Analog and Mixed-Signal Circuit Design","score":0.9854000210762024,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6423095464706421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spurious-free-dynamic-range","display_name":"Spurious-free dynamic range","score":0.6375609636306763},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/direct-digital-synthesizer","display_name":"Direct digital synthesizer","score":0.5498249530792236},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/frequency-synthesizer","display_name":"Frequency synthesizer","score":0.450497031211853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phase-locked-loop","display_name":"Phase-locked loop","score":0.22009828686714172},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.21639099717140198}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6423095464706421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119293636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q657480","display_name":"Spurious-free dynamic range","level":3,"score":0.6375609636306763},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166089067","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1227465","display_name":"Direct digital synthesizer","level":5,"score":0.5498249530792236},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182099602","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2660678","display_name":"Frequency synthesizer","level":4,"score":0.450497031211853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12707504","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52637","display_name":"Phase-locked loop","level":3,"score":0.22009828686714172},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.21639099717140198},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87133666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1161699","display_name":"Dynamic range","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134652429","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1052698","display_name":"Jitter","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2020.2986016","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.2986016","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8948470/09057660.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:751925fe67274b7199f750ed46b54fd0","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/751925fe67274b7199f750ed46b54fd0","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 8, Pp 67581-67590 (2020)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2020.2986016","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.2986016","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8948470/09057660.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8999999761581421,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1797883428","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"10077381","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321681","funder_display_name":"Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321202","display_name":"Chung-Ang University","ror":"https://ror.org/01r024a98"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321681","display_name":"Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy","ror":"https://ror.org/008nkqk13"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3016137691.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3016137691.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":23,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1998183190","https://openalex.org/W2027134336","https://openalex.org/W2032839684","https://openalex.org/W2047995285","https://openalex.org/W2088499574","https://openalex.org/W2109782294","https://openalex.org/W2113291399","https://openalex.org/W2122197059","https://openalex.org/W2125164682","https://openalex.org/W2127588446","https://openalex.org/W2127779397","https://openalex.org/W2135613480","https://openalex.org/W2139581437","https://openalex.org/W2142373415","https://openalex.org/W2147535734","https://openalex.org/W2157998323","https://openalex.org/W2159830952","https://openalex.org/W2164726178","https://openalex.org/W2469724083","https://openalex.org/W2776009197","https://openalex.org/W2884302044","https://openalex.org/W2909524778","https://openalex.org/W4235930683"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2166555237","https://openalex.org/W2161572852","https://openalex.org/W2622028395","https://openalex.org/W4386197759","https://openalex.org/W2389258116","https://openalex.org/W2393010087","https://openalex.org/W2015962950","https://openalex.org/W3035420365","https://openalex.org/W4387583774","https://openalex.org/W4200374561"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Due":[0],"to":[1,60,74,121,175],"the":[2,20,35,45,48,54,58,66,87,90,105,110,116,122,153,157,160,177],"advantages":[3],"of":[4,47,56,68],"fast":[5],"frequency":[6,12,23,127,147],"shifting,":[7,10],"continuous":[8],"phase":[9],"fine":[11],"resolution,":[13],"large":[14],"bandwidth,":[15],"and":[16,81,129,150,165,170,186],"excellent":[17],"spectral":[18],"purity,":[19],"direct":[21],"digital":[22],"synthesis":[24],"(DDFS)":[25],"technique":[26,135,144],"is":[27,79,136,184],"attracting":[28],"more":[29],"attention":[30],"than":[31],"ever":[32],"before.":[33],"Although":[34],"DDFS":[36,51,59],"suffer":[37],"from":[38],"high":[39],"power":[40,50,77,163],"consumption,":[41],"recent":[42],"researches":[43],"on":[44],"development":[46],"low":[49],"(LP-DDFS)":[52],"increases":[53],"feasibility":[55],"applying":[57],"portable":[61],"devices.":[62],"To":[63],"further":[64],"accelerate":[65],"use":[67],"LP-DDFS,":[69],"a":[70,146,181],"new":[71,88],"LP-DDFS":[72,158],"design":[73],"significantly":[75],"improve":[76],"efficiency":[78],"proposed":[80,138,143,178],"analyzed":[82],"in":[83,139,156],"this":[84,140],"paper.":[85,141],"In":[86],"design,":[89,179],"dominant":[91],"spur":[92],"by":[93],"truncation":[94,111,154],"errors":[95,155],"causing":[96],"performance":[97,118],"degradation":[98,119],"has":[99],"been":[100],"also":[101,137],"thoroughly":[102],"considered.":[103],"Since":[104],"existing":[106],"dithering":[107,134],"techniques":[108],"for":[109],"error":[112],"problems":[113],"can":[114],"cause":[115],"additional":[117,162],"due":[120],"side":[123],"effects":[124],"such":[125],"as":[126],"offset":[128],"SNDR":[130,166],"deterioration,":[131],"an":[132],"enhanced":[133],"The":[142],"includes":[145],"compensation":[148],"circuit":[149],"thus":[151],"minimizes":[152],"with":[159],"minimal":[161],"consumption":[164],"degradation.":[167],"Both":[168],"theoretical":[169],"experimental":[171],"analysis":[172],"are":[173],"conducted":[174],"verify":[176],"where":[180],"prototype":[182],"chip":[183],"fabricated":[185],"measured.":[187]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}