{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3014325463","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.2985547","title":"Research on Network Risk Evaluation Method Based on a Differential Manifold","display_name":"Research on Network Risk Evaluation Method Based on a Differential Manifold","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3014325463","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.2985547","mag":"3014325463"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2020.2985547","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.2985547","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8948470/09056505.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8948470/09056505.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004741414","display_name":"Xiaolin Zhao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9741-2954"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I125839683","display_name":"Beijing Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01skt4w74","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I125839683","https://openalex.org/I890469752"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaolin Zhao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9741-2954","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125839683"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Yiman Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5568-7706"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210129465","display_name":"Wuhan Ship Development & Design Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/02mcdae06","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210129465"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yiman Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["China Ship Development and Design Center, Wuhan, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5568-7706","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"China Ship Development and Design Center, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210129465"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046818119","display_name":"Jingfeng Xue","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3087-9701"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I125839683","display_name":"Beijing Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01skt4w74","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I125839683","https://openalex.org/I890469752"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jingfeng Xue","raw_affiliation_strings":["Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3087-9701","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125839683"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080652607","display_name":"Chun Shan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1090-026X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I125839683","display_name":"Beijing Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01skt4w74","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I125839683","https://openalex.org/I890469752"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chun Shan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1090-026X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125839683"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013598307","display_name":"Zhen Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2473-0086"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I125839683","display_name":"Beijing Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01skt4w74","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I125839683","https://openalex.org/I890469752"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhen Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2473-0086","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125839683"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":0.9273,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":7,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.76299928,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"8","issue":null,"first_page":"66315","last_page":"66326"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10400","display_name":"Network Security and Intrusion Detection","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10400","display_name":"Network Security and Intrusion Detection","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10734","display_name":"Information and Cyber Security","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12423","display_name":"Software Reliability and Analysis Research","score":0.9830999970436096,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1712","display_name":"Software"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7410511374473572},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/network-security","display_name":"Network security","score":0.6794863939285278},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/network-simulation","display_name":"Network simulation","score":0.6471301317214966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/network-architecture","display_name":"Network architecture","score":0.5781451463699341},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/analytic-hierarchy-process","display_name":"Analytic hierarchy process","score":0.5661958456039429},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/network-formation","display_name":"Network formation","score":0.4816250205039978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.47390663623809814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vulnerability","display_name":"Vulnerability (computing)","score":0.43357086181640625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.20409470796585083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.20397746562957764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operations-research","display_name":"Operations research","score":0.1360073983669281},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.11903437972068787}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7410511374473572},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182590292","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q989632","display_name":"Network security","level":2,"score":0.6794863939285278},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139940560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q290036","display_name":"Network simulation","level":2,"score":0.6471301317214966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C193415008","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q639681","display_name":"Network architecture","level":2,"score":0.5781451463699341},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87345402","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q485202","display_name":"Analytic hierarchy process","level":2,"score":0.5661958456039429},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68416499","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7001033","display_name":"Network formation","level":2,"score":0.4816250205039978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.47390663623809814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95713431","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q631425","display_name":"Vulnerability (computing)","level":2,"score":0.43357086181640625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.20409470796585083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.20397746562957764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42475967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q194292","display_name":"Operations research","level":1,"score":0.1360073983669281},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.11903437972068787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2020.2985547","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.2985547","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8948470/09056505.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:001a54a48d5e484baac18e0fe8ef8745","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/001a54a48d5e484baac18e0fe8ef8745","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 8, Pp 66315-66326 (2020)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2020.2985547","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.2985547","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8948470/09056505.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","score":0.5699999928474426}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G712081320","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2016YFB0800700","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","funder_display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3014325463.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3014325463.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":31,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1983033166","https://openalex.org/W2010229976","https://openalex.org/W2026892575","https://openalex.org/W2325104068","https://openalex.org/W2398028250","https://openalex.org/W2608093196","https://openalex.org/W2735720865","https://openalex.org/W2753055686","https://openalex.org/W2766872009","https://openalex.org/W2785904564","https://openalex.org/W2789828921","https://openalex.org/W2792779949","https://openalex.org/W2810923269","https://openalex.org/W2811499836","https://openalex.org/W2891355906","https://openalex.org/W2914277884","https://openalex.org/W2925518044","https://openalex.org/W2946156428","https://openalex.org/W2947958213","https://openalex.org/W2958451450","https://openalex.org/W2965566584","https://openalex.org/W2971572923","https://openalex.org/W2973986186","https://openalex.org/W2979543333","https://openalex.org/W4229527114","https://openalex.org/W4233870761","https://openalex.org/W4238192784","https://openalex.org/W4241644013","https://openalex.org/W4242052026","https://openalex.org/W4246718100","https://openalex.org/W4249606688"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2326627273","https://openalex.org/W2357578125","https://openalex.org/W2380853618","https://openalex.org/W2371512349","https://openalex.org/W4391305989","https://openalex.org/W2342763822","https://openalex.org/W2475532212","https://openalex.org/W2610818021","https://openalex.org/W2060648632","https://openalex.org/W332864920"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"With":[0],"the":[1,39,56,64,69,80,86,96,115,130],"rapid":[2],"development":[3],"of":[4,68,119],"networks,":[5],"network":[6,15,21,40,44,48,57,60,97,111,139],"security":[7],"is":[8,133],"a":[9,14,20,27,77],"serious":[10],"problem.":[11],"To":[12,113],"evaluate":[13,95],"accurately,":[16],"this":[17],"paper":[18],"proposes":[19],"risk":[22,41,46,50,54,62],"evaluation":[23,42],"method":[24,132],"based":[25],"on":[26,33],"differential":[28],"manifold":[29],"(DM)":[30],"and":[31,47,59,66,73,79,85,105,117,135],"research":[32],"traditional":[34],"methods.":[35],"The":[36,125],"DM":[37,131],"divides":[38],"into":[43],"structure":[45,53],"behavior":[49,61,100],"evaluations.":[51],"Network":[52,71,99],"evaluates":[55,63],"identity,":[58],"attack":[65],"defense":[67],"network.":[70],"assets":[72],"asset":[74],"vulnerabilities":[75],"characterize":[76],"network,":[78],"analytic":[81],"hierarchy":[82],"process":[83],"(AHP)":[84],"Common":[87],"Vulnerability":[88],"Scoring":[89],"System":[90],"(CVSS)":[91],"are":[92,107],"combined":[93],"to":[94,109],"identity.":[98],"causes":[101],"high-dimensional":[102],"indicator":[103],"changes,":[104],"DMs":[106],"used":[108],"measure":[110],"behavior.":[112],"examine":[114],"effectiveness":[116],"accuracy":[118],"DMs,":[120],"two":[121],"experiments":[122],"were":[123],"performed.":[124],"experimental":[126],"results":[127],"show":[128],"that":[129],"valid":[134],"accurate":[136],"for":[137],"evaluating":[138],"risk.":[140]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}