{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3015066700","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.2985211","title":"Positioning Algorithm Based on the Fingerprint Database by Twice-Fuzzy Clustering in the High-Speed Railway Scenario","display_name":"Positioning Algorithm Based on the Fingerprint Database by Twice-Fuzzy Clustering in the High-Speed Railway Scenario","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3015066700","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.2985211","mag":"3015066700"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2020.2985211","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.2985211","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8948470/09055371.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8948470/09055371.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067735962","display_name":"Baofeng Duan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1575-189X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3133134087","display_name":"Lanzhou Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/03144pv92","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3133134087"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Baofeng Duan","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3133134087"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090260452","display_name":"Cuiran Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0328-0445"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3133134087","display_name":"Lanzhou Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/03144pv92","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3133134087"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Cuiran Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3133134087"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102981440","display_name":"Jianli Xie","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2709-9261"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3133134087","display_name":"Lanzhou Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/03144pv92","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3133134087"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jianli Xie","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3133134087"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101768459","display_name":"Dongmei Zhou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1548-7838"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3133134087","display_name":"Lanzhou Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/03144pv92","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3133134087"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dongmei Zhou","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3133134087"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101586616","display_name":"Wei Wu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0785-4925"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3133134087","display_name":"Lanzhou Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/03144pv92","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3133134087"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wei Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3133134087"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5067735962"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3133134087"],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":0.3082,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.55249728,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"8","issue":null,"first_page":"64846","last_page":"64856"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10326","display_name":"Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10326","display_name":"Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13121","display_name":"Radio Wave Propagation Studies","score":0.9872000217437744,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11980","display_name":"Human Mobility and Location-Based Analysis","score":0.96670001745224,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3313","display_name":"Transportation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cluster-analysis","display_name":"Cluster analysis","score":0.7332895994186401},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fingerprint","display_name":"Fingerprint (computing)","score":0.7010886669158936},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/global-positioning-system","display_name":"Global Positioning System","score":0.6918384432792664},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6794267892837524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.6054962873458862},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geographic-coordinate-system","display_name":"Geographic coordinate system","score":0.5123652219772339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fuzzy-logic","display_name":"Fuzzy logic","score":0.5101833343505859},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/identification","display_name":"Identification (biology)","score":0.49458906054496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fuzzy-clustering","display_name":"Fuzzy clustering","score":0.46527573466300964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/similarity","display_name":"Similarity (geometry)","score":0.45311108231544495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.357990026473999},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.3353102505207062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/database","display_name":"Database","score":0.320133239030838},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.2518075704574585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.09441518783569336}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73555534","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q622825","display_name":"Cluster analysis","level":2,"score":0.7332895994186401},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777826928","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3745713","display_name":"Fingerprint (computing)","level":2,"score":0.7010886669158936},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60229501","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18822","display_name":"Global Positioning System","level":2,"score":0.6918384432792664},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6794267892837524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.6054962873458862},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123046963","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q22664","display_name":"Geographic coordinate system","level":2,"score":0.5123652219772339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q224821","display_name":"Fuzzy logic","level":2,"score":0.5101833343505859},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116834253","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2039217","display_name":"Identification (biology)","level":2,"score":0.49458906054496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17212007","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5511111","display_name":"Fuzzy clustering","level":3,"score":0.46527573466300964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C103278499","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q254465","display_name":"Similarity (geometry)","level":3,"score":0.45311108231544495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.357990026473999},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.3353102505207062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77088390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8513","display_name":"Database","level":1,"score":0.320133239030838},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.2518075704574585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.09441518783569336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13280743","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131089","display_name":"Geodesy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59822182","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q441","display_name":"Botany","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2020.2985211","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.2985211","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8948470/09055371.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:ir.lzu.edu.cn/:262010/441643","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://ir.lzu.edu.cn/handle/262010/441643","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4406923049","display_name":"Lanzhou University Institutional Repository","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"\u671f\u520a\u8bba\u6587"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:d88e9c70cf6c4b2d8019ab811adcece3","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/d88e9c70cf6c4b2d8019ab811adcece3","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 8, Pp 64846-64856 (2020)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2020.2985211","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.2985211","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8948470/09055371.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1784710345","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61661026","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2204959517","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"152022","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320325566","funder_display_name":"Lanzhou Jiaotong University"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4626322525","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61661025","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320325566","display_name":"Lanzhou Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/03144pv92"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3015066700.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3015066700.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":29,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W785974423","https://openalex.org/W1773149500","https://openalex.org/W1926767291","https://openalex.org/W1973466238","https://openalex.org/W2079816770","https://openalex.org/W2079850979","https://openalex.org/W2095143852","https://openalex.org/W2112876900","https://openalex.org/W2139144587","https://openalex.org/W2167185593","https://openalex.org/W2507283819","https://openalex.org/W2516795212","https://openalex.org/W2547965290","https://openalex.org/W2589231406","https://openalex.org/W2592524068","https://openalex.org/W2607019498","https://openalex.org/W2626978548","https://openalex.org/W2738645121","https://openalex.org/W2745138567","https://openalex.org/W2777389890","https://openalex.org/W2793255089","https://openalex.org/W2885451380","https://openalex.org/W2889197613","https://openalex.org/W2900212435","https://openalex.org/W2940551135","https://openalex.org/W2945911638","https://openalex.org/W2965595155","https://openalex.org/W2976838439","https://openalex.org/W4386805171"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3162200841","https://openalex.org/W2586280620","https://openalex.org/W2805505483","https://openalex.org/W2334071950","https://openalex.org/W2384744344","https://openalex.org/W4233932308","https://openalex.org/W1799694159","https://openalex.org/W2393169196","https://openalex.org/W2067047813","https://openalex.org/W573761316"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"When":[0],"the":[1,8,40,50,53,56,79,98,101,109,114,123,145,163,169,205,219],"wireless":[2],"communication":[3],"network":[4,74],"is":[5,46,112,157,172,189,208,212],"optimized":[6],"for":[7,198,214],"high-speed":[9,59],"railway":[10],"scenario":[11],"(HSRS),":[12],"GPS":[13,222],"connections":[14],"are":[15,25,94,223],"prone":[16],"to":[17,48,96],"frequent":[18],"interruptions.":[19],"The":[20,87,104,140,178,200],"causes":[21],"of":[22,32,52,58,72,81,91,100,108,116,138,147,165,168,180,204,221],"this":[23],"phenomenon":[24],"analyzed":[26],"after":[27],"collecting":[28,66],"a":[29,136],"large":[30],"quantity":[31],"measured":[33],"data.":[34],"A":[35],"positioning":[36,183,202],"algorithm":[37,207],"based":[38],"on":[39],"fingerprint":[41,102,124],"database":[42,80],"by":[43,121,134,154,175],"twice-fuzzy":[44,176],"clustering":[45,156],"proposed":[47,206],"obtain":[49],"locations":[51],"terminal":[54],"inside":[55],"carriage":[57],"train":[60],"(HST)":[61],"in":[62,225],"real":[63],"time.":[64],"After":[65],"more":[67],"than":[68,186,194],"300,000":[69],"sampled":[70],"data":[71],"both":[73],"characteristics":[75],"and":[76,89,106,129,133,152,191],"location":[77,216],"information,":[78],"original":[82],"fingerprints":[83,93,149,171],"has":[84],"been":[85],"constructed.":[86],"identification":[88],"elimination":[90],"abnormal":[92],"helpful":[95],"improve":[97],"quality":[99],"database.":[103],"longitude":[105],"latitude":[107],"terminal,":[110],"which":[111,211],"losing":[113,224],"signals":[115,220],"GPS,":[117],"can":[118],"be":[119],"calculated":[120],"setting":[122],"integral":[125],"counter,":[126],"threshold":[127],"value":[128],"weighted":[130],"measurement":[131],"eigenvalues":[132],"constructing":[135],"matrix":[137],"dissimilarity.":[139],"experimental":[141],"results":[142],"show":[143],"that":[144],"proportion":[146,179],"similar":[148,170],"between":[150,173],"15":[151],"200":[153],"once-fuzzy":[155],"as":[158,160],"high":[159],"90.81%;":[161],"Additionally,":[162],"number":[164],"over":[166],"95.57%":[167],"1-20":[174],"clustering.":[177],"samples":[181],"with":[182],"accuracy":[184,203],"less":[185,193],"10":[187],"m":[188,196],"63.33%,":[190],"those":[192],"5":[195],"account":[197],"41.67%.":[199],"average":[201],"9.02":[209],"m,":[210],"suitable":[213],"acquiring":[215],"information":[217],"when":[218],"HSRS.":[226]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}