{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3014745623","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.2985207","title":"A Novel k-MPSO Clustering Algorithm for the Construction of Typical Driving Cycles","display_name":"A Novel k-MPSO Clustering Algorithm for the Construction of Typical Driving Cycles","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3014745623","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.2985207","mag":"3014745623"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2020.2985207","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.2985207","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8948470/09055017.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8948470/09055017.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022206719","display_name":"Wei Yan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3950-9907"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154099455","display_name":"Shandong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0207yh398","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154099455"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wei Yan","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Energy and Power Engineering, Shandong University, Shandong, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Energy and Power Engineering, Shandong University, Shandong, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154099455"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035639688","display_name":"Meijing Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3931-7905"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154099455","display_name":"Shandong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0207yh398","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154099455"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mei-Jing Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Energy and Power Engineering, Shandong University, Shandong, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Energy and Power Engineering, Shandong University, Shandong, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154099455"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004662931","display_name":"Yong-Chang Zhong","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154099455","display_name":"Shandong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0207yh398","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154099455"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yong-Chang Zhong","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Energy and Power Engineering, Shandong University, Shandong, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Energy and Power Engineering, Shandong University, Shandong, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154099455"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083784288","display_name":"Chun-Yan Qu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154099455","display_name":"Shandong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0207yh398","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154099455"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chun-Yan Qu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Energy and Power Engineering, Shandong University, Shandong, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Energy and Power Engineering, Shandong University, Shandong, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154099455"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101666498","display_name":"Guoxiang Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5515-1717"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154099455","display_name":"Shandong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0207yh398","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154099455"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Guo-Xiang Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Energy and Power Engineering, Shandong University, Shandong, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5515-1717","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Energy and Power Engineering, Shandong University, Shandong, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154099455"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154099455"],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":1.9556,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":19,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.88943414,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"8","issue":null,"first_page":"64028","last_page":"64036"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10100","display_name":"Metaheuristic Optimization Algorithms Research","score":0.982699990272522,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10100","display_name":"Metaheuristic Optimization Algorithms Research","score":0.982699990272522,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10567","display_name":"Vehicle Routing Optimization Methods","score":0.9812999963760376,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2209","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12095","display_name":"Vehicle emissions and performance","score":0.9725000262260437,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cluster-analysis","display_name":"Cluster analysis","score":0.6675431728363037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6379817724227905},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.47487422823905945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.2104175090789795}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73555534","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q622825","display_name":"Cluster analysis","level":2,"score":0.6675431728363037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6379817724227905},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.47487422823905945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.2104175090789795}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2020.2985207","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.2985207","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8948470/09055017.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:8f70ccbe2c0741c0aa9a084bcd4a1c33","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/8f70ccbe2c0741c0aa9a084bcd4a1c33","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 8, Pp 64028-64036 (2020)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2020.2985207","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.2985207","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8948470/09055017.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.6899999976158142,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/14","display_name":"Life below water"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1174231268","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2017YFB0103405","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","funder_display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6673144170","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2017CXGC0603","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320333596","funder_display_name":"Key Technology Research and Development Program of Shandong"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G917376196","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2018GGX104020","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320333596","funder_display_name":"Key Technology Research and Development Program of Shandong"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320333596","display_name":"Key Technology Research and Development Program of Shandong","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3014745623.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3014745623.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":41,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W118006420","https://openalex.org/W640462869","https://openalex.org/W1534109508","https://openalex.org/W1937288052","https://openalex.org/W1978662634","https://openalex.org/W1984277790","https://openalex.org/W2002547186","https://openalex.org/W2011921062","https://openalex.org/W2040943733","https://openalex.org/W2071128523","https://openalex.org/W2090588963","https://openalex.org/W2098477891","https://openalex.org/W2112670653","https://openalex.org/W2133150655","https://openalex.org/W2152195021","https://openalex.org/W2158242120","https://openalex.org/W2169245194","https://openalex.org/W2294798173","https://openalex.org/W2340195015","https://openalex.org/W2407046298","https://openalex.org/W2417893505","https://openalex.org/W2543580944","https://openalex.org/W2586805622","https://openalex.org/W2612141530","https://openalex.org/W2613912370","https://openalex.org/W2766207997","https://openalex.org/W2789717563","https://openalex.org/W2807251008","https://openalex.org/W2901096225","https://openalex.org/W2914857512","https://openalex.org/W2938514468","https://openalex.org/W2943227651","https://openalex.org/W2962839664","https://openalex.org/W2965010082","https://openalex.org/W2968462207","https://openalex.org/W2972155310","https://openalex.org/W2976457931","https://openalex.org/W2980294800","https://openalex.org/W2981592639","https://openalex.org/W4238805501","https://openalex.org/W6632084997"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2051487156","https://openalex.org/W2073681303","https://openalex.org/W2390279801","https://openalex.org/W2358668433","https://openalex.org/W4396701345","https://openalex.org/W2376932109","https://openalex.org/W2001405890","https://openalex.org/W4396696052"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"practical":[1],"driving":[2,27,37,177,199,224],"cycle":[3,225],"is":[4,20,39,71,84,129,211],"of":[5,13,18,53,80,110,134,145,182],"great":[6],"significance":[7],"in":[8,41,106,184,226],"studying":[9],"the":[10,21,25,47,54,75,81,107,122,125,132,136,141,146,161,172,198,206,215,222],"control":[11],"strategy":[12],"vehicles,":[14],"and":[15,31,50,77,90,100,149,155,188,220],"effective":[16],"clustering":[17,127,135,151,163,208],"micro-trips":[19,183,216],"key":[22],"to":[23,120,195,213],"obtaining":[24],"typical":[26,36,112,223],"cycle.":[28],"A":[29],"novel":[30],"efficient":[32],"method":[33,210],"for":[34],"constructing":[35],"cycles":[38],"presented":[40],"this":[42],"paper.":[43],"First,":[44],"by":[45,117],"combining":[46],"preying":[48],"behavior":[49,52],"random":[51],"artificial":[55],"fish":[56],"swarm":[57,62,68,97,103],"algorithm":[58,128,148,152,164,209],"(AFSA)":[59],"with":[60,171],"particle":[61,67,96,102],"optimization":[63,69,98,104,108],"(PSO),":[64],"a":[65,166],"modified":[66],"(MPSO)":[70],"proposed.":[72],"By":[73],"comparing":[74],"means":[76,159],"standard":[78,138],"deviations":[79],"optima,":[82],"MPSO":[83,119],"verified":[85],"as":[86],"much":[87],"more":[88],"accurate":[89],"stable":[91],"than":[92],"PSO,":[93],"AFSA,":[94],"select":[95],"(SPSO)":[99],"cross":[101],"(CPSO)":[105],"calculation":[109],"four":[111],"multi-modal":[113],"benchmark":[114],"functions.":[115],"Second,":[116],"applying":[118],"optimize":[121],"k-means":[123,147],"algorithm,":[124],"k-MPSO":[126,150,162,207],"obtained.":[130],"In":[131],"case":[133],"Iris":[137],"data":[139,178],"set,":[140],"average":[142],"error":[143],"rates":[144],"are":[153,186,193],"11.6%":[154],"7.8%,":[156],"respectively,":[157],"which":[158],"that":[160,179],"has":[165],"stronger":[167],"searching":[168],"ability.":[169],"Finally,":[170],"ECAN":[173],"Tools":[174],"software,":[175],"real-world":[176],"include":[180],"thousands":[181],"Jinan":[185],"collected,":[187],"19":[189],"representative":[190],"characteristic":[191],"parameters":[192],"selected":[194],"fully":[196],"describe":[197],"conditions.":[200],"After":[201],"principal":[202],"component":[203],"analysis":[204],"(PCA),":[205],"applied":[212],"cluster":[214],"into":[217],"three":[218],"classes":[219],"construct":[221],"Jinan.":[227]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
