{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3014863633","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.2984358","title":"The Role of Individual Edges in Edge Controllability of Complex Networks","display_name":"The Role of Individual Edges in Edge Controllability of Complex Networks","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3014863633","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.2984358","mag":"3014863633"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2020.2984358","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.2984358","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8948470/09050805.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8948470/09050805.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100323157","display_name":"Chao Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0734-0011"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I152269853","display_name":"Qilu University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04hyzq608","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I152269853"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210142748","display_name":"Shandong Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/04y8d6y55","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210142748"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Chao Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210142748","https://openalex.org/I152269853"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054418935","display_name":"Shaopeng Pang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6941-1834"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I152269853","display_name":"Qilu University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04hyzq608","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I152269853"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210142748","display_name":"Shandong Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/04y8d6y55","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210142748"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shaopeng Pang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6941-1834","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210142748","https://openalex.org/I152269853"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100323157"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I152269853","https://openalex.org/I4210142748"],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":0.4,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.5731912,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"8","issue":null,"first_page":"63559","last_page":"63566"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10064","display_name":"Complex Network Analysis Techniques","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3109","display_name":"Statistical and Nonlinear Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10064","display_name":"Complex Network Analysis Techniques","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3109","display_name":"Statistical and Nonlinear Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12592","display_name":"Opinion Dynamics and Social Influence","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3109","display_name":"Statistical and Nonlinear Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11896","display_name":"Opportunistic and Delay-Tolerant Networks","score":0.9807999730110168,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/controllability","display_name":"Controllability","score":0.9370954036712646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/enhanced-data-rates-for-gsm-evolution","display_name":"Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution","score":0.7504273653030396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/complex-network","display_name":"Complex network","score":0.6888109445571899},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/degree-distribution","display_name":"Degree distribution","score":0.6763742566108704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6122868061065674},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/degree","display_name":"Degree (music)","score":0.5122177004814148},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/network-controllability","display_name":"Network controllability","score":0.4488902986049652},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/probability-distribution","display_name":"Probability distribution","score":0.442697674036026},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distribution","display_name":"Distribution (mathematics)","score":0.43925753235816956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/complex-system","display_name":"Complex system","score":0.41489607095718384},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.37208065390586853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/topology","display_name":"Topology (electrical circuits)","score":0.34616023302078247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.3203790783882141},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.31718000769615173},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.1595553755760193},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.09727039933204651},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/applied-mathematics","display_name":"Applied mathematics","score":0.08925101161003113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/combinatorics","display_name":"Combinatorics","score":0.08012643456459045}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48209547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1331104","display_name":"Controllability","level":2,"score":0.9370954036712646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162307627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q204833","display_name":"Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution","level":2,"score":0.7504273653030396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34947359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q665189","display_name":"Complex network","level":2,"score":0.6888109445571899},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87414783","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1002603","display_name":"Degree distribution","level":3,"score":0.6763742566108704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6122868061065674},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775997480","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q586277","display_name":"Degree (music)","level":2,"score":0.5122177004814148},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41982775","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7000977","display_name":"Network controllability","level":4,"score":0.4488902986049652},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149441793","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q200726","display_name":"Probability distribution","level":2,"score":0.442697674036026},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110121322","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q865811","display_name":"Distribution (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.43925753235816956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47822265","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q854457","display_name":"Complex system","level":2,"score":0.41489607095718384},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.37208065390586853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184720557","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7825049","display_name":"Topology (electrical circuits)","level":2,"score":0.34616023302078247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.3203790783882141},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.31718000769615173},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.1595553755760193},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.09727039933204651},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28826006","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33521","display_name":"Applied mathematics","level":1,"score":0.08925101161003113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.08012643456459045},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C117045392","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4899215","display_name":"Betweenness centrality","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C53811970","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5062194","display_name":"Centrality","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2020.2984358","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.2984358","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8948470/09050805.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:2ba0acfcdd0c48d59b570db56e6c4a9d","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/2ba0acfcdd0c48d59b570db56e6c4a9d","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 8, Pp 63559-63566 (2020)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2020.2984358","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.2984358","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8948470/09050805.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2295564170","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61903208","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3014863633.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3014863633.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":32,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W579208263","https://openalex.org/W1487127700","https://openalex.org/W1875112053","https://openalex.org/W1972106549","https://openalex.org/W1973260612","https://openalex.org/W1981272107","https://openalex.org/W1981739003","https://openalex.org/W1994368767","https://openalex.org/W1995907191","https://openalex.org/W2008620264","https://openalex.org/W2021665062","https://openalex.org/W2047827879","https://openalex.org/W2064811677","https://openalex.org/W2082019892","https://openalex.org/W2092994772","https://openalex.org/W2101420429","https://openalex.org/W2108614537","https://openalex.org/W2112090702","https://openalex.org/W2152284345","https://openalex.org/W2153624566","https://openalex.org/W2554589494","https://openalex.org/W2605621867","https://openalex.org/W2677370068","https://openalex.org/W2767603684","https://openalex.org/W2885220787","https://openalex.org/W2943941188","https://openalex.org/W2969052146","https://openalex.org/W2970009783","https://openalex.org/W2992647284","https://openalex.org/W2997515998","https://openalex.org/W3143219376","https://openalex.org/W4238452917"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2816934851","https://openalex.org/W4391793058","https://openalex.org/W2594902070","https://openalex.org/W2508095019","https://openalex.org/W1982821381","https://openalex.org/W2895969319","https://openalex.org/W2765453580","https://openalex.org/W3013256330","https://openalex.org/W2229005201","https://openalex.org/W2560597738"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Dynamical":[0],"processes":[1],"occurring":[2],"on":[3],"edges":[4,40,81],"of":[5,38,51,67,77,80,108],"complex":[6],"networks":[7],"are":[8,82,93],"relevant":[9],"to":[10,63,71,83],"many":[11],"real":[12,125],"situations.":[13],"Controlling":[14],"the":[15,30,36,42,65,72,75,89,96,105,114],"edge":[16,31,43,48],"dynamics":[17],"is":[18,61,120],"a":[19,84],"fundamental":[20],"challenge":[21],"in":[22,29,41,122],"network":[23],"science.":[24],"Inspired":[25],"by":[26,45,88,95],"recent":[27],"advances":[28],"controllability":[32,44],"theories,":[33],"we":[34,103],"explore":[35],"role":[37],"individual":[39],"classifying":[46],"each":[47,68],"into":[49],"one":[50],"three":[52,78],"categories:":[53],"critical,":[54],"redundant,":[55],"and":[56,92,98,111,124],"intermittent.":[57],"An":[58],"analytical":[59],"framework":[60],"developed":[62],"identify":[64],"category":[66],"edge,":[69],"leading":[70],"discovery":[73],"that":[74,113],"proportions":[76],"types":[79],"great":[85],"extent":[86],"encoded":[87],"degree":[90],"distribution,":[91],"affected":[94],"in-":[97],"out-degree":[99],"correlation.":[100],"In":[101],"addition,":[102],"propose":[104],"probability":[106,115],"distribution":[107,116],"intermittent":[109],"edges,":[110],"find":[112],"has":[117],"multimodality,":[118],"which":[119],"common":[121],"model":[123],"networks.":[126]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-05-06T08:25:59.206177","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}