{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3013230828","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.2982666","title":"Identifying Enhancers and Their Strength by the Integration of Word Embedding and Convolution Neural Network","display_name":"Identifying Enhancers and Their Strength by the Integration of Word Embedding and Convolution Neural Network","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3013230828","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.2982666","mag":"3013230828"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2020.2982666","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.2982666","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8948470/09044822.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8948470/09044822.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066277166","display_name":"Jhabindra Khanal","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6470-1365"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I80611190","display_name":"Jeonbuk National University","ror":"https://ror.org/05q92br09","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I80611190"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jhabindra Khanal","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronics and Information Engineering, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6470-1365","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronics and Information Engineering, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I80611190"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008953921","display_name":"Hilal Tayara","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5678-3479"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I80611190","display_name":"Jeonbuk National University","ror":"https://ror.org/05q92br09","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I80611190"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hilal Tayara","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronics and Information Engineering, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5678-3479","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronics and Information Engineering, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I80611190"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031342322","display_name":"Kil To Chong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1952-0001"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I80611190","display_name":"Jeonbuk National University","ror":"https://ror.org/05q92br09","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I80611190"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kil To Chong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Advanced Electronics and Information Research Center, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1952-0001","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Advanced Electronics and Information Research Center, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I80611190"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I80611190"],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":3.4174,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":70,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9362864,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"8","issue":null,"first_page":"58369","last_page":"58376"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12254","display_name":"Machine Learning in Bioinformatics","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12254","display_name":"Machine Learning in Bioinformatics","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.9872999787330627,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10521","display_name":"RNA and protein synthesis mechanisms","score":0.9851999878883362,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convolution","display_name":"Convolution (computer science)","score":0.7769883871078491},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6713421940803528},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/word-embedding","display_name":"Word embedding","score":0.601754903793335},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedding","display_name":"Embedding","score":0.5763673186302185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convolutional-neural-network","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","score":0.4960967004299164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/word","display_name":"Word (group theory)","score":0.4656539559364319},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.4627431035041809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.42024126648902893},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/overlap\u2013add-method","display_name":"Overlap\u2013add method","score":0.4191008508205414},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.38133859634399414},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-recognition","display_name":"Speech recognition","score":0.3809267282485962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.2389473021030426}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45347329","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5166604","display_name":"Convolution (computer science)","level":3,"score":0.7769883871078491},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6713421940803528},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777462759","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18395344","display_name":"Word embedding","level":3,"score":0.601754903793335},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41608201","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q980509","display_name":"Embedding","level":2,"score":0.5763673186302185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81363708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17084460","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","level":2,"score":0.4960967004299164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90805587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10944557","display_name":"Word (group theory)","level":2,"score":0.4656539559364319},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.4627431035041809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.42024126648902893},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C181002996","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1611641","display_name":"Overlap\u2013add method","level":5,"score":0.4191008508205414},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.38133859634399414},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.3809267282485962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.2389473021030426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C102519508","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6520159","display_name":"Fourier transform","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203024314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1365258","display_name":"Fourier analysis","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76563020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4817582","display_name":"Fractional Fourier transform","level":4,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2020.2982666","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.2982666","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8948470/09044822.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:955fad8826b64cfbbb444b9f89372902","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/955fad8826b64cfbbb444b9f89372902","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 8, Pp 58369-58376 (2020)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2020.2982666","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.2982666","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8948470/09044822.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Quality Education","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","score":0.44999998807907104}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2134140259","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"NRF-2017M3C7A1044815","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320671","funder_display_name":"National Research Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2833317907","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"NRF-2017M3C7A1044815","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320328359","funder_display_name":"Ministry of Science and ICT, South Korea"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7319131549","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"NRF-2017M3C7A1044815","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322120","funder_display_name":"National Research Foundation of Korea"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320671","display_name":"National Research Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/05s0g1g46"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322120","display_name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","ror":"https://ror.org/013aysd81"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320328359","display_name":"Ministry of Science and ICT, South Korea","ror":"https://ror.org/01wpjm123"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":87,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W571682839","https://openalex.org/W1494484168","https://openalex.org/W1501531009","https://openalex.org/W1521843029","https://openalex.org/W1522301498","https://openalex.org/W1541931954","https://openalex.org/W1614298861","https://openalex.org/W1807324513","https://openalex.org/W1969770714","https://openalex.org/W1975482179","https://openalex.org/W1977855308","https://openalex.org/W1981030303","https://openalex.org/W1983808106","https://openalex.org/W1986865417","https://openalex.org/W1987526725","https://openalex.org/W1988581590","https://openalex.org/W1991740019","https://openalex.org/W1996760543","https://openalex.org/W1998306196","https://openalex.org/W2004095656","https://openalex.org/W2016015848","https://openalex.org/W2017535650","https://openalex.org/W2018363492","https://openalex.org/W2039923266","https://openalex.org/W2057587811","https://openalex.org/W2100990361","https://openalex.org/W2106141559","https://openalex.org/W2115717891","https://openalex.org/W2117792884","https://openalex.org/W2124266758","https://openalex.org/W2128817132","https://openalex.org/W2132083787","https://openalex.org/W2134854530","https://openalex.org/W2139166279","https://openalex.org/W2140240158","https://openalex.org/W2151754128","https://openalex.org/W2168602111","https://openalex.org/W2170962119","https://openalex.org/W2518319998","https://openalex.org/W2537227711","https://openalex.org/W2565121836","https://openalex.org/W2582377823","https://openalex.org/W2585717758","https://openalex.org/W2590653482","https://openalex.org/W2591130492","https://openalex.org/W2598495276","https://openalex.org/W2624704684","https://openalex.org/W2734608416","https://openalex.org/W2747811776","https://openalex.org/W2766812108","https://openalex.org/W2767199852","https://openalex.org/W2772741766","https://openalex.org/W2786142325","https://openalex.org/W2802078840","https://openalex.org/W2802765514","https://openalex.org/W2804672687","https://openalex.org/W2807186140","https://openalex.org/W2891420113","https://openalex.org/W2892079508","https://openalex.org/W2893880892","https://openalex.org/W2896699990","https://openalex.org/W2899017194","https://openalex.org/W2900694973","https://openalex.org/W2901754076","https://openalex.org/W2904497009","https://openalex.org/W2906046752","https://openalex.org/W2911535432","https://openalex.org/W2925252074","https://openalex.org/W2946682182","https://openalex.org/W2950577311","https://openalex.org/W2951765074","https://openalex.org/W2952253955","https://openalex.org/W2953169496","https://openalex.org/W2964874436","https://openalex.org/W2965952014","https://openalex.org/W2969662046","https://openalex.org/W2976262693","https://openalex.org/W2981242070","https://openalex.org/W2982150996","https://openalex.org/W2994619710","https://openalex.org/W2995912276","https://openalex.org/W2998882284","https://openalex.org/W6631190155","https://openalex.org/W6636510571","https://openalex.org/W6732702628","https://openalex.org/W6735888752","https://openalex.org/W6769691957"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2267589039","https://openalex.org/W2369791303","https://openalex.org/W4372260258","https://openalex.org/W2133280289","https://openalex.org/W2360069155","https://openalex.org/W2759540840","https://openalex.org/W947140380","https://openalex.org/W2169963286","https://openalex.org/W4254230825","https://openalex.org/W2919798019"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,94,103],"enhancer":[1,125,127],"is":[2,35,92,109,141],"a":[3,9,24,36],"short":[4],"regulatory":[5],"element":[6],"that":[7,107],"plays":[8],"major":[10],"role":[11],"in":[12,39],"up-regulating":[13],"eukaryotic":[14],"gene":[15],"expression.":[16],"To":[17],"identify":[18],"enhancers,":[19],"an":[20,31,87],"experimental":[21],"process":[22],"takes":[23],"long":[25],"time":[26],"and":[27,81,100,126,132],"high":[28],"cost;":[29],"therefore,":[30],"accurate":[32,88],"computational":[33,89],"tool":[34,96],"much-needed":[37],"work":[38],"this":[40],"area.":[41],"Existing":[42],"techniques":[43],"were":[44],"developed":[45,95],"by":[46,53,70,130],"the":[47,58,62,71,113,122,139],"use":[48],"of":[49,64,73,124],"handcrafted":[50],"features":[51,63],"followed":[52],"machine":[54],"learning":[55],"techniques,":[56],"while":[57],"proposed":[59],"model":[60],"extracts":[61],"enhancers":[65,99],"from":[66],"raw":[67],"DNA":[68],"sequences":[69],"integration":[72],"natural":[74],"language":[75],"processing":[76],"(NLP)":[77],"technique":[78],"using":[79],"word2vec":[80],"convolutional":[82],"neural":[83],"network":[84],"(CNN).":[85],"Therefore,":[86],"tool,":[90],"iEnhancer-CNN,":[91],"developed.":[93],"can":[97],"predict":[98],"their":[101],"strength.":[102],"evaluation":[104],"results":[105],"show":[106],"iEnhancer-CNN":[108,120,140],"remarkably":[110],"superior":[111],"to":[112],"existing":[114],"state-of-the-art":[115],"models.":[116],"In":[117],"more":[118],"detail,":[119],"improved":[121],"accuracy":[123],"strength":[128],"identification":[129],"2.6%":[131],"11.4%,":[133],"respectively.":[134],"A":[135],"web":[136],"server":[137],"for":[138],"freely":[142],"available":[143],"at":[144],"https://home.jbnu.ac.kr/NSCL/iEnhancer-CNN.htm.":[145]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":6}],"updated_date":"2026-05-19T21:40:30.786675","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
