{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3012261461","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.2980877","title":"Energy-Efficient Cooperative Routing Scheme for Heterogeneous Wireless Sensor Networks","display_name":"Energy-Efficient Cooperative Routing Scheme for Heterogeneous Wireless Sensor Networks","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3012261461","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.2980877","mag":"3012261461"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2020.2980877","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.2980877","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8948470/09036955.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8948470/09036955.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011932057","display_name":"Li\u2010Ling Hung","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4503-3127"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I152100410","display_name":"Aletheia University","ror":"https://ror.org/00ke8ye77","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I152100410"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"L.-L. Hung","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, Aletheia University, New Taipei City, Taiwan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, Aletheia University, New Taipei City, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I152100410"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108639433","display_name":"Fang\u2212Yie Leu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I169090423","display_name":"Tunghai University","ror":"https://ror.org/00zhvdn11","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I169090423"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"F.-Y. Leu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, Tunghai University, Taichung, Taiwan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Tunghai University, Taichung, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I169090423"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054086761","display_name":"Kun-Lin Tsai","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1317-6019"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I169090423","display_name":"Tunghai University","ror":"https://ror.org/00zhvdn11","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I169090423"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"K.-L. Tsai","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, Tunghai University, Taichung, Taiwan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Tunghai University, Taichung, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I169090423"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110690729","display_name":"Chia\u2010Yin Ko","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I169090423","display_name":"Tunghai University","ror":"https://ror.org/00zhvdn11","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I169090423"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"C.-Y. Ko","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, Tunghai University, Taichung, Taiwan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Tunghai University, Taichung, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I169090423"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5011932057"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I152100410"],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":10.1527,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":94,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9841428,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"8","issue":null,"first_page":"56321","last_page":"56332"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10080","display_name":"Energy Efficient Wireless Sensor Networks","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10080","display_name":"Energy Efficient Wireless Sensor Networks","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11392","display_name":"Energy Harvesting in Wireless Networks","score":0.9721999764442444,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12222","display_name":"IoT-based Smart Home Systems","score":0.9671000242233276,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless-sensor-network","display_name":"Wireless sensor network","score":0.8350468277931213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.7445257306098938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7223508954048157},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/network-packet","display_name":"Network packet","score":0.698693573474884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key-distribution-in-wireless-sensor-networks","display_name":"Key distribution in wireless sensor networks","score":0.595619797706604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/routing","display_name":"Routing (electronic design automation)","score":0.5777645707130432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mobile-wireless-sensor-network","display_name":"Mobile wireless sensor network","score":0.5306633710861206},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/relay","display_name":"Relay","score":0.5131548047065735},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/routing-protocol","display_name":"Routing protocol","score":0.4905764162540436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geographic-routing","display_name":"Geographic routing","score":0.47747135162353516},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transmission","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","score":0.4672859311103821},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/efficient-energy-use","display_name":"Efficient energy use","score":0.4302923083305359},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.4055248498916626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dynamic-source-routing","display_name":"Dynamic Source Routing","score":0.30225110054016113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless-network","display_name":"Wireless network","score":0.26237019896507263},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.16954723000526428},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.12475889921188354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.07248175144195557}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24590314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q336038","display_name":"Wireless sensor network","level":2,"score":0.8350468277931213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.7445257306098938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7223508954048157},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158379750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214111","display_name":"Network packet","level":2,"score":0.698693573474884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41971633","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6398155","display_name":"Key distribution in wireless sensor networks","level":4,"score":0.595619797706604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74172769","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1446839","display_name":"Routing (electronic design automation)","level":2,"score":0.5777645707130432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C7091991","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17149548","display_name":"Mobile wireless sensor network","level":5,"score":0.5306633710861206},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778156585","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q174053","display_name":"Relay","level":3,"score":0.5131548047065735},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104954878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1648707","display_name":"Routing protocol","level":3,"score":0.4905764162540436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50558702","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5535067","display_name":"Geographic routing","level":5,"score":0.47747135162353516},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C761482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q118093","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","level":2,"score":0.4672859311103821},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2742236","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q924713","display_name":"Efficient energy use","level":2,"score":0.4302923083305359},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.4055248498916626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9659607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1268903","display_name":"Dynamic Source Routing","level":4,"score":0.30225110054016113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108037233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11375","display_name":"Wireless network","level":3,"score":0.26237019896507263},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.16954723000526428},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.12475889921188354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.07248175144195557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2020.2980877","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.2980877","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8948470/09036955.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:052a47082be24693b099dba114cd0173","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/052a47082be24693b099dba114cd0173","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 8, Pp 56321-56332 (2020)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2020.2980877","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.2980877","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8948470/09036955.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.8600000143051147,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1428098130","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"MOST 108-2221-E029-009","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322795","funder_display_name":"Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3365722850","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"MOST 10","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322795","funder_display_name":"Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G537168257","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"MOST 108-2221-E-156-002","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322795","funder_display_name":"Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7160539585","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Technology","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322795","funder_display_name":"Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G737106015","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"MOST 108-","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322795","funder_display_name":"Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322795","display_name":"Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan","ror":"https://ror.org/02kv4zf79"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3012261461.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3012261461.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":35,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W577920459","https://openalex.org/W1988815444","https://openalex.org/W1997290562","https://openalex.org/W2005969904","https://openalex.org/W2032474620","https://openalex.org/W2089297731","https://openalex.org/W2206449646","https://openalex.org/W2237693348","https://openalex.org/W2291311314","https://openalex.org/W2481872482","https://openalex.org/W2486253712","https://openalex.org/W2507260187","https://openalex.org/W2559618813","https://openalex.org/W2732544284","https://openalex.org/W2734338215","https://openalex.org/W2736580816","https://openalex.org/W2783877562","https://openalex.org/W2785144694","https://openalex.org/W2801631554","https://openalex.org/W2885748467","https://openalex.org/W2917308271","https://openalex.org/W2923785440","https://openalex.org/W2944982603","https://openalex.org/W2945593105","https://openalex.org/W2955667801","https://openalex.org/W2966247943","https://openalex.org/W2972211227","https://openalex.org/W2979848504","https://openalex.org/W2980751783","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W6730312457","https://openalex.org/W6753471409","https://openalex.org/W6766177419","https://openalex.org/W6768349567","https://openalex.org/W6769479704"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W917005982","https://openalex.org/W2148549110","https://openalex.org/W590203105","https://openalex.org/W2001566400","https://openalex.org/W4309995761","https://openalex.org/W2295628284","https://openalex.org/W2511746937","https://openalex.org/W2010136232","https://openalex.org/W1975451135","https://openalex.org/W1596940136"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Generally,":[0],"routing":[1,132,197],"techniques":[2],"are":[3,26,242,277,304],"essential":[4],"for":[5,138,155,168,204,210,231,237],"Wireless":[6,206],"Sensor":[7,207],"Networks":[8,208],"(WSNs)":[9],"to":[10,14,28,65,73,92,173,246,269,279,308],"deliver":[11],"data":[12,114],"packets":[13,137,230,252,267],"their":[15,40,131,262],"destinations":[16],"(also":[17],"known":[18],"as":[19,307],"sinks).":[20],"For":[21,57],"a":[22,59,85,126,223,302,325],"practical":[23,311],"application,":[24],"sensors":[25,52,72,91,123,150,228,260,276],"deployed":[27,216],"monitor":[29,47,93],"environmental":[30],"changes":[31],"and":[32,68,134,186,227,235,253,261,297],"events.":[33],"Most":[34],"WSNs":[35,45,101,215],"detect":[36,74],"specific":[37,41],"events":[38,49],"in":[39,53,79,106,124,189,212,217],"environments.":[42],"But,":[43],"different":[44,48,51,103],"may":[46],"with":[50],"the":[54,80,107,141,159,181,218,247,254,258,266,270,274,284,288,298,310,318,322],"same":[55,108,219,271,275],"area.":[56,110],"example,":[58],"smart-home":[60],"WSN":[61,87,234],"deploys":[62],"thermal":[63],"sensors/meters":[64],"measure":[66],"indoor":[67],"outdoor":[69],"temperatures,":[70],"body-temperature":[71],"thief":[75],"intrusion,":[76],"etc.":[77],"Also,":[78],"underlying":[81,259],"house,":[82],"there":[83,154],"is":[84,116,171,180],"health":[86,95],"which":[88,213],"utilizes":[89],"physiological":[90],"patients'":[94],"condition.":[96],"In":[97,264],"other":[98,139,238],"words,":[99],"several":[100,214],"of":[102,250,257,287,293,301,324],"purposes":[104],"co-exist":[105],"geographical":[109,220],"Currently,":[111],"each":[112],"WSN's":[113],"delivery":[115,142],"independent":[117],"from":[118],"others'.":[119],"Basically,":[120],"if":[121],"all":[122],"such":[125],"multi-WSNs":[127],"environment":[128,221,312],"can":[129,144,151,162],"share":[130],"paths/nodes":[133],"relay":[135,229],"event":[136,251,295],"WSNs,":[140],"efficiency":[143],"be":[145,152,163],"enhanced":[146],"since":[147,165],"many":[148],"more":[149],"found":[153],"packet":[156,296],"relay.":[157],"Consequently,":[158],"transmission":[160,170,182,248,299],"energy":[161,166,195,256],"reduced":[164],"consumed":[167],"wireless":[169],"proportional":[172],"d":[174,179],"<sup":[175],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[176],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">2</sup>":[177],"where":[178],"distance":[183,300],"between":[184],"sender":[185],"receiver.":[187],"Therefore,":[188],"this":[190],"study,":[191],"we":[192],"propose":[193],"an":[194,294],"saving":[196],"mechanism,":[198],"named":[199],"Energy-Efficient":[200],"Cooperative":[201],"Routing":[202,240],"Scheme":[203],"Heterogeneous":[205],"(EERH":[209],"short),":[211],"form":[222],"heterogeneous":[224,326],"sensor":[225],"network":[226,285],"its":[232],"own":[233],"also":[236],"WSNs.":[239],"paths":[241],"dynamically":[243],"established":[244],"according":[245],"directions":[249],"residual":[255],"neighbors.":[263],"addition,":[265],"routed":[268],"direction":[272],"by":[273],"aggregated":[278],"save":[280],"delivering":[281],"energy.":[282],"Moreover,":[283],"parameters":[286],"EERH,":[289],"like":[290],"propagation":[291],"delay":[292],"sensor,":[303],"adjustable":[305],"so":[306],"satisfy":[309],"needs.":[313],"Simulation":[314],"results":[315],"show":[316],"that":[317],"EERH":[319],"efficiently":[320],"extends":[321],"lifetime":[323],"WSN.":[327]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":20},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":22},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":19},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-03-12T08:34:05.389933","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}