{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3011329072","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.2980858","title":"Optimum Combining for Coherent FFH/DS Spread Spectrum Receivers in the Presence of Multi-Tone Jammer","display_name":"Optimum Combining for Coherent FFH/DS Spread Spectrum Receivers in the Presence of Multi-Tone Jammer","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3011329072","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.2980858","mag":"3011329072"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2020.2980858","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.2980858","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8948470/09036924.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8948470/09036924.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037238844","display_name":"Shixun Luo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8741-4323"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I125839683","display_name":"Beijing Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01skt4w74","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I125839683","https://openalex.org/I890469752"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Shixun Luo","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information and Electronics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8741-4323","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information and Electronics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125839683"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100450365","display_name":"Shuo Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2824-618X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802615301","display_name":"China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation","ror":"https://ror.org/01z8tr155","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802615301"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210166468","display_name":"Beijing Aerospace Flight Control Center","ror":"https://ror.org/007a14354","country_code":"CN","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210166468"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shuo Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Beijing Aerospace Automatic Control Institute, Beijing, China","National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Aerospace Intelligence Control, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beijing Aerospace Automatic Control Institute, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210166468"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Aerospace Intelligence Control, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802615301"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036700632","display_name":"Sheng Ke","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3296-3752"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I125839683","display_name":"Beijing Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01skt4w74","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I125839683","https://openalex.org/I890469752"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sheng Ke","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information and Electronics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3296-3752","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information and Electronics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125839683"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047862167","display_name":"Shuai Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1381-9678"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I125839683","display_name":"Beijing Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01skt4w74","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I125839683","https://openalex.org/I890469752"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shuai Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information and Electronics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1381-9678","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information and Electronics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125839683"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051501314","display_name":"Xiangyuan Bu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9092-487X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I125839683","display_name":"Beijing Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01skt4w74","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I125839683","https://openalex.org/I890469752"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiangyuan Bu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information and Electronics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9092-487X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information and Electronics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125839683"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044674658","display_name":"Jianping An","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6441-9711"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I125839683","display_name":"Beijing Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01skt4w74","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I125839683","https://openalex.org/I890469752"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jianping An","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information and Electronics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6441-9711","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information and Electronics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125839683"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5037238844"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125839683"],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":1.2955,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":12,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.81531287,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"8","issue":null,"first_page":"53097","last_page":"53106"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10575","display_name":"Wireless Communication Networks Research","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10575","display_name":"Wireless Communication Networks Research","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12042","display_name":"Satellite Communication Systems","score":0.9955000281333923,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10326","display_name":"Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies","score":0.9944000244140625,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/frequency-hopping-spread-spectrum","display_name":"Frequency-hopping spread spectrum","score":0.8851866126060486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/jamming","display_name":"Jamming","score":0.8035529851913452},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spread-spectrum","display_name":"Spread spectrum","score":0.7903759479522705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/direct-sequence-spread-spectrum","display_name":"Direct-sequence spread spectrum","score":0.6382523775100708},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5484510064125061},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interference","display_name":"Interference (communication)","score":0.4986240863800049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/diversity-combining","display_name":"Diversity combining","score":0.4495276212692261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.4296513795852661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.38176390528678894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.30213847756385803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.27024975419044495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.16639754176139832},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/code-division-multiple-access","display_name":"Code division multiple access","score":0.155409038066864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fading","display_name":"Fading","score":0.13395872712135315},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.10163000226020813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/decoding-methods","display_name":"Decoding methods","score":0.07974860072135925}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C122962297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1136013","display_name":"Frequency-hopping spread spectrum","level":2,"score":0.8851866126060486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779079576","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17092823","display_name":"Jamming","level":2,"score":0.8035529851913452},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105344744","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q958957","display_name":"Spread spectrum","level":3,"score":0.7903759479522705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194491627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1334354","display_name":"Direct-sequence spread spectrum","level":4,"score":0.6382523775100708},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5484510064125061},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32022120","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q797225","display_name":"Interference (communication)","level":3,"score":0.4986240863800049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136817519","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q947493","display_name":"Diversity combining","level":4,"score":0.4495276212692261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.4296513795852661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.38176390528678894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.30213847756385803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.27024975419044495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.16639754176139832},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47696715","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q233394","display_name":"Code division multiple access","level":2,"score":0.155409038066864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81978471","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1196572","display_name":"Fading","level":3,"score":0.13395872712135315},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.10163000226020813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57273362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q576722","display_name":"Decoding methods","level":2,"score":0.07974860072135925},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97355855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11473","display_name":"Thermodynamics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2020.2980858","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.2980858","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8948470/09036924.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:11c4ae19bb2a4477ba059fec2c00b0df","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/11c4ae19bb2a4477ba059fec2c00b0df","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 8, Pp 53097-53106 (2020)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2020.2980858","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.2980858","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8948470/09036924.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.550000011920929,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1191015073","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"6180011907","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5541624330","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"U1836201","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7413060836","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"U1636125","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3011329072.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3011329072.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":22,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2036471077","https://openalex.org/W2071819135","https://openalex.org/W2103841950","https://openalex.org/W2129941024","https://openalex.org/W2138315355","https://openalex.org/W2162097190","https://openalex.org/W2163106726","https://openalex.org/W2270700385","https://openalex.org/W2401966729","https://openalex.org/W2561234537","https://openalex.org/W2578616301","https://openalex.org/W2725083103","https://openalex.org/W2913706173","https://openalex.org/W2936200124","https://openalex.org/W2947882997","https://openalex.org/W3100743506","https://openalex.org/W3105366174","https://openalex.org/W6659860388","https://openalex.org/W6679207320","https://openalex.org/W6693682275","https://openalex.org/W6740019060","https://openalex.org/W6758986045"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2304504342","https://openalex.org/W242789257","https://openalex.org/W2898347774","https://openalex.org/W2120948202","https://openalex.org/W2131832797","https://openalex.org/W2369457601","https://openalex.org/W2157944696","https://openalex.org/W1582119166","https://openalex.org/W2359828397","https://openalex.org/W4200629670"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Fast":[0],"Frequency":[1,31],"Hopping/Direct":[2],"Sequence":[3,38],"(FFH/DS)":[4],"hybrid":[5],"spread":[6],"spectrum":[7],"is":[8,60,107,114,145,171,184],"an":[9],"effective":[10],"technique":[11],"of":[12,29,62,87,117,128,137],"the":[13,17,27,45,63,85,109,129,149,156,187],"communication":[14],"network":[15],"for":[16,68,77,101],"robot":[18],"swarms":[19],"operating":[20],"in":[21,47,111],"complex":[22,118],"electromagnetic":[23],"environment.":[24],"It":[25,147,183],"combines":[26],"advantages":[28],"both":[30,196],"Hopping":[32],"Spread":[33,39],"Spectrum":[34,40],"(FHSS)":[35],"and":[36,42,49,72,92,104,124,173,179,198],"Direct":[37],"(DSSS),":[41],"also":[43],"uses":[44],"diversity-combining":[46],"time":[48],"frequency":[50,69,103],"domain":[51],"to":[52,153,162],"effectively":[53],"reject":[54],"unwanted":[55],"jamming.":[56],"Multi-Tone":[57],"Interference":[58,163],"(MTI)":[59],"one":[61],"most":[64],"deleterious":[65],"jamming":[66],"waveforms":[67],"hopping":[70],"systems,":[71],"consequently":[73],"a":[74,115,141],"severe":[75],"threat":[76],"FFH/DS":[78,112],"systems.":[79],"In":[80,135],"this":[81,138],"article,":[82],"we":[83,93],"explore":[84],"effect":[86],"MTI":[88,102,110,200],"on":[89],"coherent":[90],"FFH/DS,":[91],"have":[94],"shown":[95,185],"that,":[96],"if":[97],"spectral":[98,150],"sensing":[99,151],"mechanism":[100],"power":[105],"monitoring":[106],"available,":[108],"reception":[113],"set":[116],"sinusoid":[119],"components":[120],"with":[121,175],"deterministic":[122],"amplitudes":[123],"random":[125,133],"phases,":[126],"instead":[127],"conventionally":[130],"assumed":[131],"Gaussian":[132],"variables.":[134],"light":[136],"new":[139],"finding,":[140],"novel":[142],"combining":[143,157,169,191],"method":[144],"proposed.":[146],"utilizes":[148],"information":[152],"adaptively":[154],"compute":[155],"weights,":[158],"following":[159],"Maximum":[160],"Signal":[161],"plus":[164],"Noise":[165],"(MSINR)":[166],"law.":[167],"Its":[168],"performance":[170,194],"analyzed":[172],"compared":[174],"other":[176],"existing":[177],"methods,":[178],"verified":[180],"by":[181],"simulations.":[182],"that":[186],"proposed":[188],"adaptive":[189],"MSINR":[190],"has":[192],"satisfactory":[193],"under":[195],"medium":[197],"strong":[199],"scenarios.":[201]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-05-06T08:25:59.206177","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
