{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3008441132","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.2978094","title":"Deep Learning-Based Automatic Modulation Recognition Method in the Presence of Phase Offset","display_name":"Deep Learning-Based Automatic Modulation Recognition Method in the Presence of Phase Offset","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3008441132","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.2978094","mag":"3008441132"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2020.2978094","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.2978094","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8948470/09023491.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8948470/09023491.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101456147","display_name":"Jie Shi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2160-739X"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jie Shi","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronic Engineering and Optoelectronic Technology, Zijin College, Zijin College, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2160-739X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic Engineering and Optoelectronic Technology, Zijin College, Zijin College, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101913211","display_name":"Sheng Hong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4201-2005"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I41198531","display_name":"Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/043bpky34","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I41198531"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sheng Hong","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Telecommunications and Information Engineering, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4201-2005","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Telecommunications and Information Engineering, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I41198531"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101656884","display_name":"Changxin Cai","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3525-6773"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I177739611","display_name":"Yangtze University","ror":"https://ror.org/05bhmhz54","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177739611"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Changxin Cai","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronic and Information, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3525-6773","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic and Information, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177739611"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017851308","display_name":"Yu Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7763-4261"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I41198531","display_name":"Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/043bpky34","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I41198531"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yu Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Telecommunications and Information Engineering, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7763-4261","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Telecommunications and Information Engineering, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I41198531"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102010856","display_name":"Hao Huang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6729-1987"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I41198531","display_name":"Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/043bpky34","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I41198531"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hao Huang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Telecommunications and Information Engineering, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6729-1987","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Telecommunications and Information Engineering, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I41198531"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027367677","display_name":"Guan Gui","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3888-2881"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I41198531","display_name":"Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/043bpky34","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I41198531"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Guan Gui","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Telecommunications and Information Engineering, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3888-2881","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Telecommunications and Information Engineering, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I41198531"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5101456147"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":6.6637,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":69,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9735191,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"8","issue":null,"first_page":"42841","last_page":"42847"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12131","display_name":"Wireless Signal Modulation Classification","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12131","display_name":"Wireless Signal Modulation Classification","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10891","display_name":"Radar Systems and Signal Processing","score":0.949999988079071,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10207","display_name":"Advanced biosensing and bioanalysis techniques","score":0.9038000106811523,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8310723304748535},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/orthogonal-frequency-division-multiplexing","display_name":"Orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing","score":0.8300316333770752},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/modulation","display_name":"Modulation (music)","score":0.5743047595024109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5669192671775818},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convolutional-neural-network","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","score":0.5427262187004089},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/offset","display_name":"Offset (computer science)","score":0.49216145277023315},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-learning","display_name":"Deep learning","score":0.45914387702941895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.41927406191825867},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.41585415601730347},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.21650484204292297},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.15088051557540894}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8310723304748535},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40409654","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q375889","display_name":"Orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing","level":3,"score":0.8300316333770752},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123079801","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q750240","display_name":"Modulation (music)","level":2,"score":0.5743047595024109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5669192671775818},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81363708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17084460","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","level":2,"score":0.5427262187004089},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175291020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1156822","display_name":"Offset (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.49216145277023315},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.45914387702941895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.41927406191825867},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.41585415601730347},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.21650484204292297},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.15088051557540894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107038049","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q35986","display_name":"Aesthetics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2020.2978094","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.2978094","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8948470/09023491.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:62cc352084d24b988a7a08d2a021616a","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/62cc352084d24b988a7a08d2a021616a","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 8, Pp 42841-42847 (2020)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2020.2978094","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.2978094","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8948470/09023491.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3341018123","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"RK002STP16001","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4859168213","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"CZ0010617002","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5551855622","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"RK002STP16001","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323268","funder_display_name":"Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7877612717","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61671253","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8919277133","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61901228","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G971453804","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61671253","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323268","funder_display_name":"Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323268","display_name":"Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/043bpky34"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324852","display_name":"Nanjing University","ror":"https://ror.org/01rxvg760"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320329860","display_name":"National Science and Technology Major Project","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3008441132.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3008441132.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":54,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2007258614","https://openalex.org/W2032783947","https://openalex.org/W2100495367","https://openalex.org/W2114267371","https://openalex.org/W2117539524","https://openalex.org/W2125947781","https://openalex.org/W2129265278","https://openalex.org/W2134512983","https://openalex.org/W2141686809","https://openalex.org/W2147893740","https://openalex.org/W2566425973","https://openalex.org/W2617931713","https://openalex.org/W2761694337","https://openalex.org/W2763708625","https://openalex.org/W2767151733","https://openalex.org/W2790452209","https://openalex.org/W2803418695","https://openalex.org/W2808769300","https://openalex.org/W2810871807","https://openalex.org/W2839844222","https://openalex.org/W2892154397","https://openalex.org/W2896666719","https://openalex.org/W2898157791","https://openalex.org/W2902839154","https://openalex.org/W2902897529","https://openalex.org/W2904220545","https://openalex.org/W2909191390","https://openalex.org/W2913196913","https://openalex.org/W2916238263","https://openalex.org/W2917337898","https://openalex.org/W2919467785","https://openalex.org/W2921337715","https://openalex.org/W2921711003","https://openalex.org/W2942141926","https://openalex.org/W2943443346","https://openalex.org/W2945533318","https://openalex.org/W2951169187","https://openalex.org/W2953596346","https://openalex.org/W2954842555","https://openalex.org/W2955500388","https://openalex.org/W2956537170","https://openalex.org/W2964248614","https://openalex.org/W2965123704","https://openalex.org/W2966727109","https://openalex.org/W2967532333","https://openalex.org/W2968699891","https://openalex.org/W2987656958","https://openalex.org/W2992047026","https://openalex.org/W2993809815","https://openalex.org/W2998106326","https://openalex.org/W3003174479","https://openalex.org/W3016102015","https://openalex.org/W3105650387","https://openalex.org/W6772669459"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2792339401","https://openalex.org/W2530747331","https://openalex.org/W2125564215","https://openalex.org/W3097525855","https://openalex.org/W4226493464","https://openalex.org/W4312417841","https://openalex.org/W3193565141","https://openalex.org/W3133861977","https://openalex.org/W3167935049","https://openalex.org/W3029198973"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Automatic":[0,26],"modulation":[1,18,27],"recognition":[2,28,43,76],"(AMR)":[3],"plays":[4],"an":[5],"important":[6],"role":[7],"in":[8,33,96,130],"various":[9,23],"communications":[10,98],"systems.":[11,39,99],"It":[12],"has":[13],"the":[14,42,50,75,85,106,111,131,141,145,155],"ability":[15],"of":[16,45,52,80],"adaptive":[17],"and":[19],"can":[20],"adapt":[21],"to":[22,48,60,73,104,139,143,153,160],"complex":[24],"environments.":[25],"is":[29,55,102,137],"also":[30],"widely":[31],"used":[32,138],"orthogonal":[34],"frequency":[35],"division":[36],"multiplexing":[37],"(OFDM)":[38],"However,":[40,78],"because":[41],"accuracy":[44],"traditional":[46],"methods":[47,69,83],"extract":[49],"features":[51],"OFDM":[53,112,132],"signals":[54],"very":[56],"limited.":[57],"In":[58],"order":[59],"solve":[61],"these":[62,81],"problems,":[63],"many":[64],"deep":[65],"learning":[66],"based":[67,124],"AMR":[68,82,125],"have":[70],"been":[71],"proposed":[72,135,156],"improve":[74],"performance.":[77],"most":[79],"neglect":[84],"harmful":[86],"effect":[87,108],"by":[88],"carrier":[89],"phase":[90],"offset":[91],"(PO)":[92],"which":[93],"often":[94],"appears":[95],"realistic":[97],"Hence":[100],"it":[101],"required":[103],"consider":[105],"PO":[107,129,142],"for":[109,127],"designing":[110],"system.":[113,133],"Unlike":[114],"conventional":[115,161],"methods,":[116],"we":[117],"propose":[118],"a":[119],"convolutional":[120],"neural":[121],"network":[122],"(CNN)":[123],"method":[126,136,157],"considering":[128],"The":[134],"eliminate":[140],"achieve":[144],"high":[146],"classification":[147],"accuracy.":[148],"Experiment":[149],"results":[150],"are":[151],"provided":[152],"confirm":[154],"when":[158],"comparing":[159],"methods.":[162]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":7}],"updated_date":"2026-05-06T08:25:59.206177","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
