{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3007804995","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.2977134","title":"Robust Signal Control of Exit Lanes for Left-Turn Intersections With the Consideration of Traffic Fluctuation","display_name":"Robust Signal Control of Exit Lanes for Left-Turn Intersections With the Consideration of Traffic Fluctuation","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3007804995","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.2977134","mag":"3007804995"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2020.2977134","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.2977134","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8948470/09018258.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8948470/09018258.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005808503","display_name":"Kaijia Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2567-3581"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I148128674","display_name":"University of Shanghai for Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00ay9v204","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I148128674"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Kaijia Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Traffic Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Traffic Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148128674"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036828317","display_name":"Jing Zhao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0741-4911"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I148128674","display_name":"University of Shanghai for Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00ay9v204","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I148128674"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98358874","display_name":"Delft University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02e2c7k09","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"]}],"countries":["CN","NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jing Zhao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Traffic Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China","Transport and Planning, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Traffic Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148128674"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Transport and Planning, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011057063","display_name":"Victor L. Knoop","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7423-3841"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98358874","display_name":"Delft University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02e2c7k09","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Victor L. Knoop","raw_affiliation_strings":["Transport and Planning, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Transport and Planning, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070256668","display_name":"Xing Gao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4118-3152"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I148128674","display_name":"University of Shanghai for Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00ay9v204","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I148128674"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xing Gao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Traffic Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Traffic Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148128674"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5005808503"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148128674"],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":1.6364,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":14,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.83024282,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"8","issue":null,"first_page":"42071","last_page":"42081"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10524","display_name":"Traffic control and management","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10524","display_name":"Traffic control and management","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10698","display_name":"Transportation Planning and Optimization","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3313","display_name":"Transportation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10370","display_name":"Traffic and Road Safety","score":0.9973999857902527,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2213","display_name":"Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robustness","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","score":0.6519984006881714},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intersection","display_name":"Intersection (aeronautics)","score":0.604961097240448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6020620465278625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/traffic-flow","display_name":"Traffic flow (computer networking)","score":0.5644867420196533},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-theory","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","score":0.4532349109649658},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.3958777189254761},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.3819192349910736},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/simulation","display_name":"Simulation","score":0.363922119140625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.2385401427745819},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control","display_name":"Control (management)","score":0.20503196120262146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.2004309892654419},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transport-engineering","display_name":"Transport engineering","score":0.13804835081100464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.11328363418579102}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63479239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353546","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","level":3,"score":0.6519984006881714},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C64543145","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162942","display_name":"Intersection (aeronautics)","level":2,"score":0.604961097240448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6020620465278625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207512268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3074551","display_name":"Traffic flow (computer networking)","level":2,"score":0.5644867420196533},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47446073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165890","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","level":3,"score":0.4532349109649658},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.3958777189254761},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.3819192349910736},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44154836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45045","display_name":"Simulation","level":1,"score":0.363922119140625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.2385401427745819},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.20503196120262146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.2004309892654419},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22212356","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q775325","display_name":"Transport engineering","level":1,"score":0.13804835081100464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.11328363418579102},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2020.2977134","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.2977134","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8948470/09018258.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:tud:oai:tudelft.nl:uuid:a690d0be-a97a-488b-9a16-b5fb3181e5a9","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:a690d0be-a97a-488b-9a16-b5fb3181e5a9","pdf_url":"http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:a690d0be-a97a-488b-9a16-b5fb3181e5a9","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401843","display_name":"Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1322597698","host_organization_name":"Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1322597698"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, 8","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:e419119280354086864ca5979826603d","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/e419119280354086864ca5979826603d","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 8, Pp 42071-42081 (2020)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2020.2977134","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.2977134","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8948470/09018258.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","score":0.6299999952316284,"display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1231421488","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"under","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1730152260","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"71971140","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3317480652","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Science","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G37568934","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Grant","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5994120800","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Natural","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3007804995.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3007804995.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":60,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W84580358","https://openalex.org/W211652034","https://openalex.org/W818468833","https://openalex.org/W1587330580","https://openalex.org/W1590571558","https://openalex.org/W1631643809","https://openalex.org/W1812985687","https://openalex.org/W1967005518","https://openalex.org/W1968362748","https://openalex.org/W1971039179","https://openalex.org/W1975349546","https://openalex.org/W1986529982","https://openalex.org/W1993517423","https://openalex.org/W1995079889","https://openalex.org/W2005310029","https://openalex.org/W2005543925","https://openalex.org/W2010801331","https://openalex.org/W2014650781","https://openalex.org/W2035121533","https://openalex.org/W2037142879","https://openalex.org/W2038068435","https://openalex.org/W2061358509","https://openalex.org/W2063965097","https://openalex.org/W2073791263","https://openalex.org/W2080143721","https://openalex.org/W2084337036","https://openalex.org/W2085002156","https://openalex.org/W2110351714","https://openalex.org/W2127331687","https://openalex.org/W2152616744","https://openalex.org/W2155655560","https://openalex.org/W2265009320","https://openalex.org/W2437688542","https://openalex.org/W2464759897","https://openalex.org/W2526299108","https://openalex.org/W2550314605","https://openalex.org/W2553845731","https://openalex.org/W2557293528","https://openalex.org/W2592777726","https://openalex.org/W2623561804","https://openalex.org/W2625383465","https://openalex.org/W2626710399","https://openalex.org/W2793447484","https://openalex.org/W2799707450","https://openalex.org/W2806568376","https://openalex.org/W2810076327","https://openalex.org/W2853161842","https://openalex.org/W2853271118","https://openalex.org/W2884474075","https://openalex.org/W2908094714","https://openalex.org/W2924961201","https://openalex.org/W2944605907","https://openalex.org/W2947750079","https://openalex.org/W2954783788","https://openalex.org/W2964255692","https://openalex.org/W3122586728","https://openalex.org/W6603465946","https://openalex.org/W6623236434","https://openalex.org/W6706778855","https://openalex.org/W6730426844"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1761139602","https://openalex.org/W3040229530","https://openalex.org/W2986348191","https://openalex.org/W2384330248","https://openalex.org/W2348271845","https://openalex.org/W2803041665","https://openalex.org/W2021088219","https://openalex.org/W2374982504","https://openalex.org/W2375665878","https://openalex.org/W3083989997"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Traffic":[0],"throughput":[1],"at":[2,164],"intersections":[3,182,192],"can":[4],"be":[5,76,83],"improved":[6],"by":[7],"using":[8,97],"exit":[9],"lanes":[10,16,57],"for":[11,78,85,107,190],"left-turning":[12],"(EFL),":[13],"tidal":[14,56],"flow":[15,129,201],"near":[17],"an":[18,101,155,184],"intersection,":[19],"which":[20,104],"has":[21],"been":[22],"recently":[23],"introduced.":[24],"This":[25,90],"paper":[26,91],"considers":[27],"the":[28,32,38,43,55,63,70,79,119,124,132,149,165,175],"operational":[29],"robustness":[30],"of":[31,88,112,121,126,134,158,196],"EFL":[33,166],"intersection":[34,167],"in":[35,62],"relation":[36],"to":[37,42,181],"control":[39,72,95,160],"scheme":[40,96,103],"applied":[41,180],"traffic":[44,61,94,113,122,169,197],"light":[45],"setting.":[46],"For":[47],"safety":[48],"and":[49,131,142,161,171,199],"efficiency,":[50],"it":[51,186],"is":[52,114,178,187],"important":[53],"that":[54,148],"are":[58],"emptied":[59],"before":[60],"opposing":[64],"direction":[65],"uses":[66],"these":[67],"lanes.":[68],"Hence,":[69],"signal":[71,159],"should":[73],"not":[74],"only":[75],"optimized":[77],"mean":[80],"value":[81],"but":[82],"robust":[84,98,151],"all":[86,191],"kinds":[87],"fluctuations.":[89,173],"formulates":[92],"a":[93,139],"optimization,":[99],"i.e.":[100],"optimization":[102,152,176],"explicitly":[105],"accounts":[106],"extreme":[108],"events.":[109],"The":[110],"fluctuation":[111,195],"considered":[115,188],"from":[116],"three":[117],"aspects:":[118],"distribution":[120,125,133],"demand,":[123],"base":[127],"saturation":[128,200],"rate,":[130],"actual":[135],"travel":[136],"speed.":[137],"Via":[138],"case":[140],"study":[141],"extensive":[143],"numerical":[144],"analysis,":[145],"we":[146],"find":[147],"established":[150],"method":[153,177],"produces":[154],"efficient":[156],"design":[157,162],"speed":[163],"under":[168],"demand":[170,198],"supply":[172],"Though":[174],"now":[179],"with":[183,193],"EFL,":[185],"useful":[189],"high":[194],"rate.":[202]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-04-16T08:26:57.006410","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}