{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3005655984","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.2973239","title":"A Dynamic Backoff Window Scheme for Machine-Type Communications in Cyber-Physical Systems","display_name":"A Dynamic Backoff Window Scheme for Machine-Type Communications in Cyber-Physical Systems","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3005655984","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.2973239","mag":"3005655984"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2020.2973239","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.2973239","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8948470/08993786.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8948470/08993786.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025694490","display_name":"Jenhui Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8372-9221"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I12213908","display_name":"Ming Chi University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04xgh4d03","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I12213908"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I173093425","display_name":"Chang Gung University","ror":"https://ror.org/00d80zx46","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I173093425"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3020100970","display_name":"Chang Gung Memorial Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/02verss31","country_code":"TW","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3020100970"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jenhui Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Artificial Intelligence in Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan","Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, College of Engineering, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan","Department of Electronic Engineering, Ming Chi University of Technology, Taishan Dist., New Taipei, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8372-9221","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Artificial Intelligence in Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3020100970"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, College of Engineering, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I173093425"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic Engineering, Ming Chi University of Technology, Taishan Dist., New Taipei, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12213908"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024212834","display_name":"Ray\u2010Guang Cheng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6511-3546"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154864474","display_name":"National Taiwan University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00q09pe49","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154864474"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ray-Guang Cheng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6511-3546","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154864474"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037091026","display_name":"Obinna Agbodike","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1297-952X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I173093425","display_name":"Chang Gung University","ror":"https://ror.org/00d80zx46","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I173093425"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Obinna Agbodike","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, Division of Computer Science and Information Engineering, College of Engineering, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1297-952X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Division of Computer Science and Information Engineering, College of Engineering, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I173093425"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070199434","display_name":"Yu-Syuan Lyu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I173093425","display_name":"Chang Gung University","ror":"https://ror.org/00d80zx46","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I173093425"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yu-Syuan Lyu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, College of Engineering, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9463-6522","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, College of Engineering, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I173093425"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":0.3028,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.54010933,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"8","issue":null,"first_page":"31045","last_page":"31056"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12079","display_name":"IoT Networks and Protocols","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12079","display_name":"IoT Networks and Protocols","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11932","display_name":"Wireless Body Area Networks","score":0.996399998664856,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10273","display_name":"IoT and Edge/Fog Computing","score":0.992900013923645,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8449960947036743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/random-access","display_name":"Random access","score":0.6422953009605408},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cyber-physical-system","display_name":"Cyber-physical system","score":0.5606983304023743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/exponential-backoff","display_name":"Exponential backoff","score":0.5431063175201416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scheme","display_name":"Scheme (mathematics)","score":0.5422337055206299},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.5248810648918152},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/window","display_name":"Window (computing)","score":0.5157678127288818},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/protocol","display_name":"Protocol (science)","score":0.49234235286712646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.4902665913105011},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.4805872440338135},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.35066258907318115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/throughput","display_name":"Throughput","score":0.24895137548446655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.22931164503097534},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.10875314474105835}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8449960947036743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101722063","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q218825","display_name":"Random access","level":2,"score":0.6422953009605408},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179768478","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1120057","display_name":"Cyber-physical system","level":2,"score":0.5606983304023743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C30777684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1417920","display_name":"Exponential backoff","level":4,"score":0.5431063175201416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77618280","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1155772","display_name":"Scheme (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.5422337055206299},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.5248810648918152},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778751112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q835016","display_name":"Window (computing)","level":2,"score":0.5157678127288818},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780385302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q367158","display_name":"Protocol (science)","level":3,"score":0.49234235286712646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.4902665913105011},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.4805872440338135},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.35066258907318115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157764524","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1383412","display_name":"Throughput","level":3,"score":0.24895137548446655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.22931164503097534},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.10875314474105835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204787440","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188504","display_name":"Alternative medicine","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2020.2973239","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.2973239","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8948470/08993786.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:c76fceb4f95f4fc2a9f1f9de9ea5a095","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/c76fceb4f95f4fc2a9f1f9de9ea5a095","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 8, Pp 31045-31056 (2020)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2020.2973239","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.2973239","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8948470/08993786.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8","score":0.4300000071525574,"display_name":"Decent work and economic growth"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2584091929","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"MOST 108-2221-E-182-042-MY2","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322795","funder_display_name":"Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3166039063","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"MOST 108-2221-E-011-041-MY2","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322795","funder_display_name":"Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6789504157","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"108-2221-E-011-041-MY2","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322795","funder_display_name":"Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G737106015","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"MOST 108-","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322795","funder_display_name":"Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8739310447","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"108-2221-E-182-042-MY2","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322795","funder_display_name":"Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322795","display_name":"Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan","ror":"https://ror.org/02kv4zf79"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3005655984.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3005655984.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":16,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1529406030","https://openalex.org/W1557044061","https://openalex.org/W1964800332","https://openalex.org/W2010151278","https://openalex.org/W2038283501","https://openalex.org/W2051253005","https://openalex.org/W2056132563","https://openalex.org/W2068728923","https://openalex.org/W2071048947","https://openalex.org/W2110767187","https://openalex.org/W2119977207","https://openalex.org/W2123503096","https://openalex.org/W2132247362","https://openalex.org/W2159396193","https://openalex.org/W2334263353","https://openalex.org/W2521707497"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2487381129","https://openalex.org/W4244026886","https://openalex.org/W2189020829","https://openalex.org/W1991620491","https://openalex.org/W2047432214","https://openalex.org/W2383273484","https://openalex.org/W210361709","https://openalex.org/W2132411069","https://openalex.org/W4285592074","https://openalex.org/W4389223626"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0],"cyber-physical":[1],"system":[2],"(CPS)":[3],"requires":[4],"a":[5,25,35,39,47,71,87,95,165],"time-bounded":[6],"communication":[7,31],"process":[8,98],"for":[9,34,94,142,181],"real-time":[10],"interaction":[11],"between":[12],"the":[13,17,29,43,54,103,109,130,135,148,153,159,171,182,185],"digital":[14],"world":[15,19],"and":[16,81,121,144,164,179],"physical":[18],"so":[20,112],"that":[21,60,99,129],"they":[22],"can":[23,100],"form":[24],"tight":[26],"loop.":[27],"Using":[28],"machine-type":[30],"(MTC)":[32],"protocol":[33,45],"large-scale":[36],"CPS":[37,79,183],"is":[38,70],"good":[40],"solution.":[41],"However,":[42],"MTC":[44,75,105,139,154],"uses":[46],"random":[48],"access":[49,63,150],"(RA)":[50],"mechanism":[51],"to":[52,114,158,175,184],"solve":[53],"radio":[55],"resource":[56],"contention":[57,117],"problem,":[58,84],"but":[59],"inevitably":[61],"causes":[62],"delays":[64],"especially":[65],"in":[66,108],"scenarios":[67],"when":[68],"there":[69],"large":[72],"number":[73],"of":[74,138,152,187],"devices.":[76,155],"To":[77],"meet":[78],"requirement":[80],"address":[82],"this":[83],"we":[85],"propose":[86],"dynamic":[88,167],"backoff":[89,110,162,168],"window":[90],"adjustment":[91],"(DBA)":[92],"algorithm":[93,132,173],"pull-based":[96],"RA":[97,161],"appropriately":[101],"distribute":[102],"failed":[104],"devices":[106,140],"engaged":[107],"window,":[111],"as":[113,145],"expedite":[115],"their":[116],"retrial":[118],"time":[119],"interval":[120],"achieve":[122],"increased":[123],"success":[124,136],"probability.":[125],"Simulation":[126],"results":[127],"showed":[128],"DBA":[131,172],"significantly":[133],"increases":[134],"probability":[137],"contending":[141],"RA,":[143],"well,":[146],"shortens":[147],"mean":[149],"delay":[151],"In":[156],"comparison":[157],"standard":[160],"scheme":[163],"novel":[166],"(DB)":[169],"scheme,":[170],"proved":[174],"be":[176],"more":[177],"effective":[178],"suitable":[180],"best":[186],"our":[188],"knowledge.":[189]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
