{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3005189348","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.2971563","title":"Rotman Lens-Fed Antenna for Generating Multiple Orbital Angular Momentum (OAM) Modes With Gain Enhancement","display_name":"Rotman Lens-Fed Antenna for Generating Multiple Orbital Angular Momentum (OAM) Modes With Gain Enhancement","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3005189348","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.2971563","mag":"3005189348"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2020.2971563","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.2971563","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8948470/08981878.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8948470/08981878.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101846861","display_name":"Dan Wu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5853-3916"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149594827","display_name":"Xidian University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s92vm98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dan Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Science and Technology on Antenna and Microwave Laboratory, Xidian University, Xi\u2019an, China","Science and Technology on Antenna and Microwave Laboratory, Xidian University, Xi'an, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5853-3916","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Science and Technology on Antenna and Microwave Laboratory, Xidian University, Xi\u2019an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Science and Technology on Antenna and Microwave Laboratory, Xidian University, Xi'an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083482326","display_name":"Zhiya Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5305-8511"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149594827","display_name":"Xidian University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s92vm98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhiya Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Science and Technology on Antenna and Microwave Laboratory, Xidian University, Xi\u2019an, China","Science and Technology on Antenna and Microwave Laboratory, Xidian University, Xi'an, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5305-8511","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Science and Technology on Antenna and Microwave Laboratory, Xidian University, Xi\u2019an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Science and Technology on Antenna and Microwave Laboratory, Xidian University, Xi'an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085694823","display_name":"Guang Fu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3700-2128"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149594827","display_name":"Xidian University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s92vm98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Guang Fu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Science and Technology on Antenna and Microwave Laboratory, Xidian University, Xi\u2019an, China","Science and Technology on Antenna and Microwave Laboratory, Xidian University, Xi'an, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Science and Technology on Antenna and Microwave Laboratory, Xidian University, Xi\u2019an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Science and Technology on Antenna and Microwave Laboratory, Xidian University, Xi'an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101820897","display_name":"Xiaowei Shi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4146-9916"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149594827","display_name":"Xidian University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s92vm98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaowei Shi","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronic Engineering, Xidian University, Xi\u2019an, China","School of Electronic Engineering, Xidian University, Xi'an, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic Engineering, Xidian University, Xi\u2019an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic Engineering, Xidian University, Xi'an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012631589","display_name":"Lin Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4190-5071"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149594827","display_name":"Xidian University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s92vm98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lin Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Science and Technology on Antenna and Microwave Laboratory, Xidian University, Xi\u2019an, China","Science and Technology on Antenna and Microwave Laboratory, Xidian University, Xi'an, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Science and Technology on Antenna and Microwave Laboratory, Xidian University, Xi\u2019an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Science and Technology on Antenna and Microwave Laboratory, Xidian University, Xi'an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014167123","display_name":"Xi Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4734-7357"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149594827","display_name":"Xidian University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s92vm98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xi Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Science and Technology on Antenna and Microwave Laboratory, Xidian University, Xi\u2019an, China","Science and Technology on Antenna and Microwave Laboratory, Xidian University, Xi'an, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4734-7357","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Science and Technology on Antenna and Microwave Laboratory, Xidian University, Xi\u2019an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Science and Technology on Antenna and Microwave Laboratory, Xidian University, Xi'an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":1.2608,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":19,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.78131802,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"8","issue":null,"first_page":"29891","last_page":"29900"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10490","display_name":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10490","display_name":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11383","display_name":"Advanced Antenna and Metasurface Technologies","score":0.9901000261306763,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11486","display_name":"Micro and Nano Robotics","score":0.9793999791145325,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3104","display_name":"Condensed Matter Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/angular-momentum","display_name":"Angular momentum","score":0.7315525412559509},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.6062933802604675},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lens","display_name":"Lens (geology)","score":0.5231372714042664},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.5221269726753235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antenna-gain","display_name":"Antenna gain","score":0.4660766124725342},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antenna","display_name":"Antenna (radio)","score":0.4577315151691437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dipole-antenna","display_name":"Dipole antenna","score":0.3080650269985199},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.2532687783241272},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antenna-factor","display_name":"Antenna factor","score":0.22683599591255188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.22277164459228516}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155675718","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161254","display_name":"Angular momentum","level":2,"score":0.7315525412559509},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.6062933802604675},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15336307","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1766051","display_name":"Lens (geology)","level":2,"score":0.5231372714042664},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.5221269726753235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81183938","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q251537","display_name":"Antenna gain","level":5,"score":0.4660766124725342},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21822782","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131214","display_name":"Antenna (radio)","level":2,"score":0.4577315151691437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113145756","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1126859","display_name":"Dipole antenna","level":3,"score":0.3080650269985199},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.2532687783241272},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C196931383","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4771253","display_name":"Antenna factor","level":4,"score":0.22683599591255188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.22277164459228516},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2020.2971563","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.2971563","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8948470/08981878.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:42e2c2a754d84b31aed1491db6167265","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/42e2c2a754d84b31aed1491db6167265","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 8, Pp 29891-29900 (2020)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2020.2971563","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.2971563","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8948470/08981878.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8600000143051147,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3329804167","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2019JM-489","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324173","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Shaanxi Province"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4487123225","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61601338","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324173","display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Shaanxi Province","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3005189348.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3005189348.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":36,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1647572132","https://openalex.org/W1976353140","https://openalex.org/W1992271171","https://openalex.org/W2000177503","https://openalex.org/W2010340498","https://openalex.org/W2013674306","https://openalex.org/W2016270087","https://openalex.org/W2058137486","https://openalex.org/W2084217550","https://openalex.org/W2094055587","https://openalex.org/W2097034408","https://openalex.org/W2115387184","https://openalex.org/W2169481269","https://openalex.org/W2173329030","https://openalex.org/W2322072034","https://openalex.org/W2401162761","https://openalex.org/W2404287298","https://openalex.org/W2435003343","https://openalex.org/W2467980331","https://openalex.org/W2515641583","https://openalex.org/W2553487355","https://openalex.org/W2605601426","https://openalex.org/W2739961000","https://openalex.org/W2755878227","https://openalex.org/W2761916599","https://openalex.org/W2774570799","https://openalex.org/W2791115048","https://openalex.org/W2888770017","https://openalex.org/W2892867721","https://openalex.org/W2894916398","https://openalex.org/W2895756827","https://openalex.org/W2904427883","https://openalex.org/W2910255178","https://openalex.org/W2942488789","https://openalex.org/W2985849463","https://openalex.org/W3101829080"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2156762266","https://openalex.org/W2392065178","https://openalex.org/W2130706631","https://openalex.org/W2069154445","https://openalex.org/W1562432063","https://openalex.org/W4365129325","https://openalex.org/W2088317998","https://openalex.org/W2063272505","https://openalex.org/W2514180507","https://openalex.org/W2038433559"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0,50],"compact":[1],"multi-layer":[2],"Rotman":[3,28,72,128],"lens-fed":[4],"array":[5,34,142],"antenna":[6,23,35,67,181,207],"which":[7,36],"can":[8,96,111,162,197,208],"generate":[9],"nine":[10,82,194],"orbital":[11],"angular":[12],"momentum":[13],"(OAM)":[14],"modes":[15,86,121,196],"is":[16,57,130,182],"presented":[17],"in":[18,41,174,211],"this":[19],"paper.":[20],"The":[21,176,205],"proposed":[22,203,206],"consists":[24],"of":[25,47,78,85,119,122,137,159,179],"a":[26,31],"microstrip":[27],"lens":[29,73,129],"and":[30,94,141,184,189],"nine-element":[32],"circular":[33,80],"utilizes":[37],"high-gain":[38],"patch":[39,52,61],"element":[40,62],"order":[42],"to":[43,63,114,146],"enhance":[44,65],"the":[45,60,66,71,75,79,116,127,134,138,152,156,169,180,187,202],"gain":[46],"OAM":[48,120,160,195],"beam.":[49],"stacked":[51],"loaded":[53],"with":[54],"two":[55],"slots":[56],"attached":[58],"above":[59],"effectively":[64,164],"gains.":[68],"By":[69],"employing":[70],"as":[74,145],"feed":[76],"network":[77],"array,":[81],"OAM-carrying":[83],"beams":[84,161],"number":[87],"\u2113":[88,123],"=0":[89],",":[90],"\u00b11,":[91],"\u00b12,":[92],"\u00b13":[93],"\u00b14":[95],"be":[97,112,163,198,209],"produced":[98],"when":[99],"different":[100],"input":[101],"ports":[102,110,140,143,171],"are":[103,172],"excited,":[104],"respectively.":[105],"160\u00b0-phase-shift":[106],"on":[107,151],"adjacent":[108],"output":[109,153,170],"achieved":[113],"meet":[115],"phase":[117],"requirement":[118],"=":[124],"\u00b14.":[125],"Moreover,":[126],"modified":[131],"by":[132,166,200],"adjusting":[133],"deflection":[135],"angle":[136],"beam":[139],"so":[144],"achieve":[147],"uniform":[148],"amplitude":[149],"distribution":[150],"ports.":[154],"Hence,":[155],"pattern":[157],"characteristics":[158],"improved":[165],"making":[167],"all":[168],"equal":[173],"amplitude.":[175],"C-band":[177],"prototype":[178],"fabricated":[183],"measured.":[185],"Both":[186],"simulation":[188],"measurement":[190],"results":[191],"indicate":[192],"that":[193],"generated":[199],"using":[201],"structure.":[204],"used":[210],"an":[212],"OAM-based":[213],"wireless":[214],"communication":[215],"system.":[216]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-17T09:13:05.818461","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
