{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3003279607","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.2970544","title":"An Accurate Method for Designing, Characterizing, and Testing a Multi-Layer Radome for mm-Wave Applications","display_name":"An Accurate Method for Designing, Characterizing, and Testing a Multi-Layer Radome for mm-Wave Applications","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3003279607","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.2970544","mag":"3003279607"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2020.2970544","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.2970544","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8948470/08976099.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8948470/08976099.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Zeeshan Qamar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1474-986X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210145244","display_name":"Radar (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/05c5a2504","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210145244"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I8692664","display_name":"University of Oklahoma","ror":"https://ror.org/02aqsxs83","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I8692664"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zeeshan Qamar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Advanced Radar Research Center (ARRC), The University of Oklahoma, Norman, USA","School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, The University of Oklahoma, Norman, USA","ORCiD","School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, The University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1474-986X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Advanced Radar Research Center (ARRC), The University of Oklahoma, Norman, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210145244","https://openalex.org/I8692664"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, The University of Oklahoma, Norman, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I8692664"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"ORCiD","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, The University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I8692664"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022897246","display_name":"Nafati Aboserwal","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6913-3416"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210145244","display_name":"Radar (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/05c5a2504","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210145244"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I8692664","display_name":"University of Oklahoma","ror":"https://ror.org/02aqsxs83","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I8692664"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nafati Aboserwal","raw_affiliation_strings":["Advanced Radar Research Center (ARRC), The University of Oklahoma, Norman, USA","School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, The University of Oklahoma, Norman, USA","ORCiD","School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, The University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6913-3416","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Advanced Radar Research Center (ARRC), The University of Oklahoma, Norman, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210145244","https://openalex.org/I8692664"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, The University of Oklahoma, Norman, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I8692664"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"ORCiD","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, The University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I8692664"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005817171","display_name":"Jorge L. Salazar-Cerre\u00f1o","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9211-9911"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210145244","display_name":"Radar (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/05c5a2504","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210145244"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I8692664","display_name":"University of Oklahoma","ror":"https://ror.org/02aqsxs83","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I8692664"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jorge L. Salazar-Cerreno","raw_affiliation_strings":["Advanced Radar Research Center (ARRC), The University of Oklahoma, Norman, USA","School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, The University of Oklahoma, Norman, USA","ORCiD","School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, The University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9211-9911","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Advanced Radar Research Center (ARRC), The University of Oklahoma, Norman, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210145244","https://openalex.org/I8692664"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, The University of Oklahoma, Norman, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I8692664"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"ORCiD","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, The University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I8692664"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":18.6911,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":27,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98473005,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"8","issue":null,"first_page":"23041","last_page":"23053"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11383","display_name":"Advanced Antenna and Metasurface Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11383","display_name":"Advanced Antenna and Metasurface Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10069","display_name":"Antenna Design and Analysis","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10262","display_name":"Microwave Engineering and Waveguides","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radome","display_name":"Radome","score":0.9856141805648804},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/extremely-high-frequency","display_name":"Extremely high frequency","score":0.6327624917030334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bandwidth","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","score":0.5543437004089355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5352644920349121},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.4914191961288452},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gaussian","display_name":"Gaussian","score":0.45259854197502136},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.3708646893501282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acoustics","display_name":"Acoustics","score":0.3522180914878845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.17179173231124878},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.16368931531906128},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.09507784247398376}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153159894","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q659994","display_name":"Radome","level":3,"score":0.9856141805648804},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45764600","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q570342","display_name":"Extremely high frequency","level":2,"score":0.6327624917030334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776257435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1576430","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","level":2,"score":0.5543437004089355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5352644920349121},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.4914191961288452},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163716315","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q901177","display_name":"Gaussian","level":2,"score":0.45259854197502136},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.3708646893501282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.3522180914878845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.17179173231124878},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.16368931531906128},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.09507784247398376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21822782","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131214","display_name":"Antenna (radio)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2020.2970544","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.2970544","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8948470/08976099.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:d17c5cd1cafd4ee7a661e099c6e39150","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/d17c5cd1cafd4ee7a661e099c6e39150","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 8, Pp 23041-23053 (2020)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2020.2970544","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.2970544","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8948470/08976099.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306101","display_name":"National Aeronautics and Space Administration","ror":"https://ror.org/027ka1x80"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320310179","display_name":"University of Oklahoma","ror":"https://ror.org/02aqsxs83"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3003279607.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3003279607.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":26,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1490179922","https://openalex.org/W1524573041","https://openalex.org/W1577483603","https://openalex.org/W2050982928","https://openalex.org/W2058154965","https://openalex.org/W2069703202","https://openalex.org/W2069996906","https://openalex.org/W2129882147","https://openalex.org/W2134534066","https://openalex.org/W2160059046","https://openalex.org/W2295096399","https://openalex.org/W2322130563","https://openalex.org/W2499651127","https://openalex.org/W2541655083","https://openalex.org/W2559890664","https://openalex.org/W2580731361","https://openalex.org/W2606056241","https://openalex.org/W2606720516","https://openalex.org/W2624945915","https://openalex.org/W2758813112","https://openalex.org/W2764045742","https://openalex.org/W2785085399","https://openalex.org/W2809848985","https://openalex.org/W2925756426","https://openalex.org/W2941501585","https://openalex.org/W4241797508"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3184917213","https://openalex.org/W2885788272","https://openalex.org/W1531985280","https://openalex.org/W2887453511","https://openalex.org/W116124790","https://openalex.org/W3041998509","https://openalex.org/W4378841758","https://openalex.org/W4313136086","https://openalex.org/W2047386323","https://openalex.org/W2354525424"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0,114],"paper":[1],"presents":[2],"an":[3,19],"accurate":[4,20,64,120],"procedure":[5,58,66,105],"to":[6,25,96,118],"design,":[7],"characterize":[8],"and":[9,38,46,63,74,82,88,94,111,121],"test":[10,65],"a":[11,27,42,51,60],"radome":[12,28],"for":[13,123],"millimeter-wave":[14],"applications.":[15,127],"In":[16],"this":[17,104],"procedure,":[18],"analytical":[21],"model":[22],"is":[23,116],"presented":[24],"design":[26],"structure":[29],"that":[30],"takes":[31],"into":[32],"consideration":[33],"the":[34,56,69,98],"bandwidth,":[35],"losses,":[36],"reflections":[37],"depolarization":[39],"factor":[40],"as":[41],"function":[43],"of":[44],"frequency":[45],"incident":[47],"angle.":[48],"To":[49],"guarantee":[50],"good":[52],"operational":[53],"electrical":[54],"performance,":[55],"proposed":[57,99],"includes":[59],"material":[61],"characterization":[62],"based":[67],"on":[68],"free-space":[70],"Gaussian":[71],"beam":[72],"method":[73,115],"time":[75],"gating":[76],"filtering":[77],"technique.":[78,100],"Four":[79],"radomes":[80,124],"(two-monolithic":[81],"two":[83],"A-sandwich)":[84],"at":[85],"82":[86],"GHz":[87,90],"94":[89],"are":[91,106],"designed,":[92],"characterized":[93],"tested":[95],"validate":[97],"Results":[101],"obtained":[102],"with":[103,108],"compared":[107],"numerical":[109],"simulations":[110],"experimental":[112],"results.":[113],"shown":[117],"be":[119],"versatile":[122],"in":[125],"mm-Wave":[126]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-07-28T07:46:37.118299","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}