{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3003925713","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.2970194","title":"Adaptive Speech Information Hiding Method Based on K-Means","display_name":"Adaptive Speech Information Hiding Method Based on K-Means","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3003925713","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.2970194","mag":"3003925713"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2020.2970194","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.2970194","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8948470/08974234.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8948470/08974234.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083430909","display_name":"Zhijun Wu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0691-1767"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28813325","display_name":"Civil Aviation University of China","ror":"https://ror.org/03je71k37","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28813325"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Zhijun Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Electronic Information and Automation, Civil Aviation University of China, Tianjin, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Electronic Information and Automation, Civil Aviation University of China, Tianjin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28813325"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101484207","display_name":"Rong Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1703-0970"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28813325","display_name":"Civil Aviation University of China","ror":"https://ror.org/03je71k37","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28813325"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rong Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Electronic Information and Automation, Civil Aviation University of China, Tianjin, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Electronic Information and Automation, Civil Aviation University of China, Tianjin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28813325"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101857422","display_name":"Changliang Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2236-9266"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28813325","display_name":"Civil Aviation University of China","ror":"https://ror.org/03je71k37","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28813325"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Changliang Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Electronic Information and Automation, Civil Aviation University of China, Tianjin, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Electronic Information and Automation, Civil Aviation University of China, Tianjin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28813325"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5083430909"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28813325"],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":0.5889,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":11,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.68093572,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"8","issue":null,"first_page":"23308","last_page":"23316"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10388","display_name":"Advanced Steganography and Watermarking Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10388","display_name":"Advanced Steganography and Watermarking Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12357","display_name":"Digital Media Forensic Detection","score":0.9977999925613403,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11017","display_name":"Chaos-based Image/Signal Encryption","score":0.991100013256073,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pesq","display_name":"PESQ","score":0.8504711985588074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8079360723495483},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-hiding","display_name":"Information hiding","score":0.7048835754394531},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/steganography","display_name":"Steganography","score":0.6540749669075012},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cluster-analysis","display_name":"Cluster analysis","score":0.6409872770309448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-recognition","display_name":"Speech recognition","score":0.5204268097877502},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-coding","display_name":"Speech coding","score":0.5042222738265991},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedding","display_name":"Embedding","score":0.4546454846858978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voice-over-ip","display_name":"Voice over IP","score":0.4114440977573395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.35112637281417847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.3250086307525635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.2917511761188507},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-enhancement","display_name":"Speech enhancement","score":0.21929031610488892},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/the-internet","display_name":"The Internet","score":0.1495482325553894}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C103734657","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2739975","display_name":"PESQ","level":4,"score":0.8504711985588074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8079360723495483},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3073032","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15912075","display_name":"Information hiding","level":3,"score":0.7048835754394531},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108801101","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15032","display_name":"Steganography","level":3,"score":0.6540749669075012},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73555534","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q622825","display_name":"Cluster analysis","level":2,"score":0.6409872770309448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.5204268097877502},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13895895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3270773","display_name":"Speech coding","level":2,"score":0.5042222738265991},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41608201","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q980509","display_name":"Embedding","level":2,"score":0.4546454846858978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171246234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q81945","display_name":"Voice over IP","level":3,"score":0.4114440977573395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.35112637281417847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.3250086307525635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.2917511761188507},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776182073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7575395","display_name":"Speech enhancement","level":3,"score":0.21929031610488892},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110875604","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q75","display_name":"The Internet","level":2,"score":0.1495482325553894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163294075","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q581861","display_name":"Noise reduction","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2020.2970194","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.2970194","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8948470/08974234.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:38df009fdc4d4833b8fbbe025a815a30","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/38df009fdc4d4833b8fbbe025a815a30","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 8, Pp 23308-23316 (2020)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2020.2970194","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.2970194","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8948470/08974234.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","score":0.7200000286102295}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2376276132","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"China","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","funder_display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2705852684","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2019KJ117","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324522","funder_display_name":"Civil Aviation Administration of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2988897572","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2019KJ117","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320326709","funder_display_name":"Tianjin Municipal Education Commission"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3398736180","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"U1933108","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320326709","funder_display_name":"Tianjin Municipal Education Commission"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3776601296","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"3122018C003","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320327599","funder_display_name":"Central Universities in China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4097146657","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2019KJ117","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","funder_display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5003931413","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"U1933108","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","funder_display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5532155222","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Tianjin","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323993","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Tianjin City"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5907727675","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"17JCZDJC30900","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323993","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Tianjin City"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6030641550","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"U1933108","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G605843339","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"3122018D007","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","funder_display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8046715105","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"U1933108","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324522","funder_display_name":"Civil Aviation Administration of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8503676712","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2019KJ117","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323993","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Tianjin City"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8514530319","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"U1933108","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323993","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Tianjin City"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G866683726","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"3122018C003","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","funder_display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8894268695","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"3122018D007","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320327599","funder_display_name":"Central Universities in China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8951484681","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Grant","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","funder_display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323993","display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Tianjin City","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324522","display_name":"Civil Aviation Administration of China","ror":"https://ror.org/05gfwht30"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320326709","display_name":"Tianjin Municipal Education Commission","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320327599","display_name":"Central Universities in China","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3003925713.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3003925713.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":23,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1976757120","https://openalex.org/W1986299510","https://openalex.org/W2081326826","https://openalex.org/W2094710184","https://openalex.org/W2104452136","https://openalex.org/W2124042115","https://openalex.org/W2150772017","https://openalex.org/W2243399711","https://openalex.org/W2291347793","https://openalex.org/W2316221018","https://openalex.org/W2318550127","https://openalex.org/W2321351642","https://openalex.org/W2532328686","https://openalex.org/W2580220854","https://openalex.org/W2736227332","https://openalex.org/W2752864633","https://openalex.org/W2804134769","https://openalex.org/W2921427198","https://openalex.org/W2921736567","https://openalex.org/W2985269247","https://openalex.org/W3148968478","https://openalex.org/W7026480764","https://openalex.org/W7068022727"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2096515400","https://openalex.org/W2497446005","https://openalex.org/W3203504906","https://openalex.org/W761038755","https://openalex.org/W2171676767","https://openalex.org/W4312890355","https://openalex.org/W2599327517","https://openalex.org/W83713408","https://openalex.org/W1716757876","https://openalex.org/W4285356283"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"secure":[1,99],"communication,":[2],"finding":[3],"bits":[4,45],"that":[5,107],"used":[6],"for":[7,11],"steganography":[8],"is":[9,116],"essential":[10],"effective":[12,43],"and":[13,48,74,82,131],"high-quality":[14],"speech":[15,23,113],"information":[16,24,51,68,86],"hiding.":[17],"This":[18,36,63],"paper":[19],"presents":[20],"an":[21],"adaptive":[22],"hiding":[25],"method":[26,37,65,110],"based":[27],"on":[28],"K-means,":[29],"which":[30],"can":[31],"quickly":[32],"find":[33],"hidden":[34,44,61],"bits.":[35,62],"uses":[38],"K-means":[39],"algorithm":[40],"to":[41,55,70,88,128],"detect":[42],"through":[46],"clustering":[47,72],"embeds":[49,66],"secret":[50,67,85],"with":[52],"different":[53],"matrices":[54],"achieve":[56],"good":[57],"efficiency":[58],"utilization":[59],"of":[60],"proposed":[64,109],"according":[69,87],"the":[71,75,79,84,89,94,108],"result":[73],"matrix":[76,92],"coding":[77],"at":[78],"transmitting":[80],"end":[81],"extracts":[83],"corresponding":[90],"embedding":[91,125],"ate":[93],"receiving":[95],"end.":[96],"Thereby":[97],"implementing":[98],"communication":[100],"over":[101],"VoIP.":[102],"The":[103],"experimental":[104],"results":[105],"indicate":[106],"has":[111],"better":[112],"quality":[114],"(PESQ":[115],"reduced":[117],"by":[118],"about":[119],"1.5%)":[120],"while":[121],"achieving":[122],"a":[123],"higher":[124],"capacity":[126],"(up":[127],"976":[129],"bit/s),":[130],"it":[132],"shows":[133],"strong":[134],"concealment.":[135]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-10T15:06:20.359241","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}